Oceanography Exam 1
The horse latitudes boundary occurs in which of the following regions
30 degrees
Storms are most common in which of the following regions
30 to 60 degrees
The prevailing westerlies occurs in which of the following regions
30 to 60 degrees
The average albedo of Earth's surface is about __________
30%
Approximately how much sediment is carried to the continental margins
40 trillion pounds
What depth does Argo floats collect data (this is wrong)
6,000 meters
Which period is not part of the Mesozoic
Permian
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Measuring average flow rates of ocean surface currents is simple BECAUSE they flow in the same direction and at the same rate for long periods of time
both the assertion and the reason are incorrect
Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being arid
california current
What does CCD stand for
carbonate compensation depth
Which of the following dissolved solids account for the majority of seawater composition
chloride
Coral roofs that initially develop along the margin of an island or continent where environmental conditions are suitable are called __________
fringing reefs
The trade winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere
from southeast to northwest
The study of the structure of the sea floor and how the sea floor has changed through time is an example of __________ oceanography
geological
The distinctive type of sedimentary layering that has largest particles on the bottom and smallest particles on the top, with intermediate sized particles in the middle, is called which of the following
graded bedding
The intensity of solar radiation received at lower latitudes (near the equator) compared to higher latitudes (near the poles) is __________
greater
Where are the only two places in the world where continental ice sheets occur today
greenland antarctica
Water can pile up a short distance above a container's rim due to __________
high surface tension
A cometary model of the formation of Earth's ocean must include the chemical difference between the ___________ in comet ice and that in Earth's water
hydrogen
As pressure __________, seawater density __________
increases; increases
Based on its 2013 name, what does IODP stand for
integrated Ocean Drilling Program
Many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water __________
is a polar molecule
Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called __________
ithogenous (terrigenous) sediment
What does JOIDES stand for
joint oceanographic institutions for deep earth sampling
Which of the following is a biogenous sediment
stromatolites
Judge the following sentence according the the criteria given below: Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude BECAUSE it depends on the weight of the column of air above
the assertion and the reason are both correct , but the reason is invalid
In which year was the Ekman spiral developed
1905
Earth's atmosphere became oxygen-rich about __________ years ago
2.45 billion
The new drill ship, Chiky, can drill up to how many feet into the sea floor
23,000
A. boundary or belt characterized by winds generally from the west and brings storms that influence weather across the United States occurs in which of the following regions (this is wrong)
30 degrees
What is the expected calcium carbonate content in modern sediments at a latitude of 20 degrees north and a longitude of 20 degrees west?
50%-80% by weight
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern (this is wrong)
Abyssal plain
Which of the following Vikings is credited with discovering Greenland
Erik Thorvaldson
Which of the following processes increases seawater salinity
Evaporation
The polar easterly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere
From northeast to southwest
What is the formula for carbonic acid
H2CO3
Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location :Latitude: 30*S Longitude: 80*E
High surface seawater salinity due to evaporation
Which of the following surface seawater salinity conditions would you predict for the following location: 50*S Longitude: 170*W
Low surface seawater salinity due to precipitation
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location : Latitude: 40*5 Longitude: 20*W
Subtropical
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location: Latitude: 40*S Longitude: 80*W
Temperate
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location: Latitude: 60*N Longitude: 20*W
Temperate
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria givenbelow: Coarse-granied lithogenous neritic. deposits dominate continental margin areas BECAUSE they do not contain biogenous, hydrogen, and cosmogenous particles
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect
About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface
Two
The Alpine Fault of New Zealand is an example of __________ plate boundary
a continental transform
The Alps are an example of __________ plate boundary
a continental-continental convergent
Radioactive materials can sometimes be used to determine the __________
ages of rocks
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
albedo
The speed of sound in seawater varies with __________
all of the answers
Peru's residents are familiar with ENSO as it brings a warm current that reduces populations of which animal
anchovies
What was the geographic position of North America 540 million years ago
at the equator
Earth's atmosphere became oxygen rich about 2.45 __________ years ago
billion
Fossiliferous limestone is an example of which of the following sediment types
biogenous sediment
Which of the following occurs at the same temperature as the condensation point
boiling point
The air in the center of the eye of the hurricane is __________ air moving __________
cool dry; downward
The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the __________
coriolis effect
Which of the following was not a voyage of Captain James Cook's
discovery
What is the motion of a juvenile stage of the Wilson cycle
divergence
Rocks like the ones shown in the photo most likely formed at which of the following tectonic setting
divergent plate boundary
The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents
eastern boundary current
Subatomic particles with a negative charge are called __________
electrons
Which of the following Wilson cycle stages would the East African rift valleys be considered
embryonic
The Doldrums occur in which of the following regions
equatorial (0 to 5 degrees)
In general, polar neritic sediment tends to have more ___________
gravel than in tropical waters
Underwater volcanic peaks that resemble volcanoes on land except that they are flat on top are called __________
guyots
As ice melts, it reached a plateau when all energy added is used to break intermolecular bonds in ice, not increase its temperature, this is called __________
latent heat of melting
Examine the five words determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
latitude
Volcanic ash is considered to be which type of marine sediment
lithogenous
Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types
lithogenous sediment
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
mariana trench
Which of the following fossils was used as data to help reconstruct Pangea because. it was a reptile found in South America and Africa
mesosauras
A group of two or more atoms held together by mutually shared electrons are called __________
molecules
Which of the following techniques used to determine ocean bathymetry is illustrated in the image (this is wrong)
multibeam sonar
Sediments found on continental margins are called __________
neritic
The two most abundant components of dry air are ___________
nitrogen and oxygen
The North Atlantic Drift is also called the __________
north atlantic current
The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents
northern boundary current
Deep-ocean trenches and volcanic arcs results from the collision of. two plates at convergent plate boundaries and mostly occur along the margins of which of the following oceans
pacific ocean
With respect to mid ocean ridges, transform faults are __________
perpendicular to the ridge axis
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
phosphates
The oldest fossilized remains of organisms are primitive __________ bacteria recovery from rocks formed on the sea floor about 3.5 billion years ago
photosynthetic
Which of the following climatic regions exists at the following location: Latitude: 80*N Longitude: 180*W
polar
Typically, the United States is influenced more by __________ air masses during the winter and more by __________ air masses during the summer
polar: tropical
The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called
productivity
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly
propeller flow meters
Which of the following is a layer of rapidly changing density
pycnocline
Dissolved ions enter the ocean through which of these processes
river discharge
Prior to 1768, which of the following claimed the most human lives at sea
scurvy
Oceanographers who want to know about ocean structure beneath the sea floor use which of the following techniques
seismic reflection
Which of the following continental margin features is illustrated in the image
submarine fans
Which of the following is the second most abundant negatively charged component of seawater
sulfate
The Himalaya Mountains are an example of the __________ stage of the Wilson Cycle
suturing
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Echo sounders cannot detect and track submarines BECAUSE sound from echo sounders bounces off any density difference (this is wrong)
the assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct
Which of the following best defines condensation point
the highest temperature at which a gas changes to a liquid
Which of the following statements about marine sediments is correct
they record the timing and severity of some global extinction events
Based on chemical composition , Earth consists of __________ layers
three
Earth's mantle is exposed on the ocean floor in great slabs of rock between widely spaced volcanoes in __________
ultra slow spreading centers
With a graded bedding sequence, the grade goes __________ in size
upward
Diverging surface waters are areas of __________ and __________ productivity
upwelling; high
All true oceanic Island are __________ in origin
volcanic
The Brazil Current is an example of which of the following types of currents
western boundary current
