Oceanography Final Review
Point in the orbit of the moon that is farthest from earth
Apogee
Bonds that involve the sharing of electrons between atoms
Covalent bonds
Biogenous sediments are indicated by the numbers
2, 3, and 4
Cascadia subduction
40
Middle America
41
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Abyssal hill
Flat depositional surfaces that cover extensive portions of the deep-ocean basins
Abyssal plain
The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the:
Abyssal plain far from the continent
Extending from the base of the continental rises into the deep-ocean basins are flat depositional surfaces called
Abyssal plains
What do you call the depth at which calcium carbonate easily dissolves?
Calcite compensation depth
All of the following statements are true of ocean sediments except?
Ocean sediments are thickest in pelagic waters overlying the oceanic ridges.
Deep linear scars on the deep-ocean floor caused by plate convergence
Ocean trench
The method that's used most frequently to investigate sediment and rock layers of the sea floor is:
Sound waves (specifically seismic reflection profiling)
Neap tides occur
When the moon is in quadrature
The sediments that are produced in areas of High primary productivity are indicated by the numbers.
2 and 3.
The average salinity of typical seawater is
3.5%
Java or sunda
30
Kermadec
31
Tonga
32
Bougainville
33
Mariana
34
Philippine
35
Ryukyu
36
Japan
37
Kuril
38
Aleutian
39
Calcerous oozes are represented by numbers
4
Peru-Chile
42
Puerto Rico
43
South Sandwich
44
Which of the three sites is/are aseismic? You may use one or more letters for your answer.
AC
Categorize where the given bathymetric number is associated. Submarine canyons. Use the following choices:
Active and passive continental margin
Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation?
All of the above factors are important
Satellites are used to map the ocean floor because
All of the above statements are correct
Basic building blocks of matter
Atoms
Which of the following sites is/are transform faults? You may use one or more letters for your answer.
B
Measurement of ocean depth and seafloor topography
Bathymetry
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Coccolithophores
Biogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Diatomaceous ooze
Biogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Siliceous ooze.
Biogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Stromatolites.
Biogenous sediment
The __________ force pulls an orbiting body towards the center of that orbit
Centripetal
Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a:
Change in state
Ocean sediments provide all of the following mineral resources except:
Coal
Shallow water areas close to continents
Continental margins
A generally flat zone extending from the shore to the shelf break
Continental shelf
Directly seaward of the continental shelf is a more steeply sloping region called the
Continental slope
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Tektites.
Cosmogenous sediment
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Precipitation.
Decreases seawater salinity
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. River input (short term effect)
Decreases seawater salinity
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Deep focus earthquake
Categorize where the given bathymetric number is associated. Abyssal plains. Use the following choices:
Deep ocean basin
Older lithosphere is destroyed in association with
Deep sea trenches
Passive continental margins are characterized by all of the following except:
Deep sea trenches
All of the following are lithogenous sediments except
Diatom ooze
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of the words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Distillation
Negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit an atomic nucleus
Electrons
Submarine canyons were most likely formed by
Erosion by turbidity currents
Any solution with a PH of greater than 7.0 is acidic.
False
Greater temperature flunctuations are seen in coastal areas due to the marine effect.
False
The density of seawater is slightly lower than the density of pure water.
False
A very important way to increase the setting rate of fine particles in the open ocean is via.
Fecal pellets
Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
Foraminiferans
Stromatolites are all of the following EXCEPT
Grow up in very cold waters
Which property of water causes coastal communities to have only moderate differences in daily highs and lows when compared to inland communities?
High heat capacity
Which latitudes would most likely have no pycnocline?
High latitudes
Bonds that hold adjacent water molecules together
Hydrogen bonds
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of the words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Hydrogen ion
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Evaporite.
Hydrogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Manganese nodules.
Hydrogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Metal sulfides.
Hydrogenous sediment
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Oolites.
Hydrogenous sediment
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Evaporation.
Increases seawater salinity
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. High temperature.
Increases seawater salinity
Sea ice formation
Increases seawater salinity
The tide-generating force varies:
Inversely with the cube of the distance between the objects
Charged atoms due to the gain or loss of one or more electrons
Ions
Many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water
Is a polar molecule
The surface tension of water:
Is relatively high
High energy environments are most likely due to deposit which one of the following
Large particles such as gravel
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Abyssal clay
Lithogenous sediment
Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called:
Lithogenous sediment
Compared with a solar day, a lunar day is
Longer than a solar day
Which latitudes would most highest average water temperature?
Low latitudes
Categorize where the given bathymetric number is associated. Transform faults. Use the following choices:
Mid-ocean ridge
Which latitudes would one find the highest average salinity for the surface ocean?
Middle latitudes
Transform faults have all of the following characteristics except:
Movement occurs in the same direction
A method of mapping the topography of the ocean floor along a strip up to 60km
Multi-beam sonar
Sediments found on continental margins are called:
Neritic
The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is:
Neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits
New lithosphere is produced in association with:
Oceanic ridges
All of the following are methods used to desalinate water except:
Osmosis
Categorize where the given bathymetric number is associated. Broad continental shelf. Use the following choices:
Passive continental margin
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Passive margin
Point in the orbit of the moon that is nearest to earth
Perigee
A point of orbit of a planet around the sun closest to the sun
Perihelion
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of the words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Precipitation
Uses high frequency sound waves to measure ocean depth
Precision-depth recorder (PDR
Extremely large tidal range that occurs when spring tides coincide with perigee
Proxigean
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of the words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Pycnocline
All are major forms of neritic sediment deposits EXCEPT:
Red clay
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Rift Valley
Which of the processes exclusively dads salts and ions and to the oceans
River discharge
Arrange the following ions in seawater from the most abundant to the least abundant:
STUDY THESE
Match the given size class with the particle name in the wentworth cycle:
STUDY THESE
Volcanic peaks on the deep-ocean floor with conical tops are called
Seamounts
Used to determine ocean structure beneath the sea floor
Seismic reflection profile
The correct order of the seafloor features from the coast to the mid ocean ridge is:
Shelf, slope, rise, abyssal plain
Narrow and deep valleys on continental slopes
Submarine canyon
Two points in the moons orbit when it lies in a straight line with the sun and the earth
Syzygy
The particles found in some in sediment that suggests an extraterrestrial impact event are:
Tektites
The states of matter in which water exists is primarily determined by:
Temperature
Relatively few abyssal plains are located in the Pacific Ocean due to
The presence of convergent active margins
The Principle of Constant proportion states that
The relative concentrations of the major ions in seawater does not change
A rapid change in ocean temperature with a change in depth occurs in the
Thermocline
Deep-ocean water contains more carbon dioxide than the surface water because deep water is colder and has the ability to dissolve more gases.
True
The density of seawater is affected is affected by salinity and temperature.
True
The latent heat of vaporization of water is larger than the latent heat of melting
True
Underwater avalanches of muddy water mixed with rocks and debris are:
Turbidity currents
Spring tide occurs about
Twice per month
Warm-water (From 30 C to 350 C) hydrothermal vents form
White smokers
Volcanic features on the ocean floor that are less than 1,000 meters (0.6 miles) tall are called:
abyssal hills or seaknolls
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of the words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
ph
