one ch 4

Glacial deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Sandstone is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Shale is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

The ancient remains of which of the following, buried before they could decompose, are the source of today's petroleum deposits? Land based plants Fish and amphibians Microscopic organisms Dinosaurs Peat and coal

Microscopic organisms

What percentage of the rocks exposed on the continents originated as sedimentary rocks deposited in ancient ocean environments? Thirty to forty percent Less than twenty percent More than fifty percent Twenty to thirty percent Forty to fifty percent

More than fifty percent

Ocean sediments consist of particles that have slowly settled out of the water by which of the following the processes? Sediment compaction Grain lithification Porosity reduction Suspension settling Paleooceanography

Suspension settling

Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by: a glacier. the wind. a volcanic eruption. a river delta. organisms

a glacier.

The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the: continental shelf. continental rise. crest of a mid-ocean ridge. abyssal plain far from a continent. All of the above locations contain manganese nodules.

abyssal plain far from a continent.

Marine sediments provide valuable clues about which of the following Earth history events? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) previous ocean circulation patterns movement of the ocean floor the climate on Earth millions of years ago the ancient geographical locations of ocean basins past catastrophes, such as major extinction events

all of them

Marine sediments that originate in the warm tropical surface ocean would create deposits in the deep sea composed primarily of ___________. View Available Hint(s) silica calcium carbonate metal sulfides quartz sand volcanic ash

calcium carbonate

The sea floor provides the largest reservoir of usable energy in the ocean, and likely the world, in the form of ______________. View Available Hint(s) coal crude oil halites clathrates phosphorites

clathrates

Siliceous ooze is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Biogenous Sediment

Which of the following are microscopic, single-celled floating algae that accumulate to form biogenous sediment? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) Tektites Coccolithophores Diatoms Foraminifers Radiolarians

Coccolithophores Diatoms

Micrometeorites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Cosmogenous Sediment

Which of the following contains the most organic carbon on Earth? Soil Living organisms Fossil Fuels Peat Gas hydrates

Gas hydrates

Of the following, which energy resource(s) can be extracted from marine sediments? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) Gas hydrates Halite Petroleum Manganese nodules Phosphorites

Gas hydrates Petroleum

Of the following types of lithogenous sediment, which one(s) would you expect to find very far from the location of origin? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) Quartz granules Quartz silt Pebbles Boulders Volcanic ash

Quartz silt Volcanic ash

Which of the following is the most advanced technology used to collect sediment samples from the deep ocean? Rotary corer Long line Seiche disk Gravity corer Dredge

Rotary corer

Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are called: biogenous. volcanogenic. terrigenous. hydrogenous. cosmogenous.

biogenous

Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called: cosmogenous. hydrogenous. volcanogenic. lithogenous. biogenous.

hydrogenous.

High-energy environments are most likely to deposit which one of the following? clay-sized particles manganese nodules cosmogenous sediments large particles such as gravel silt-sized particles

large particles such as gravel

Sediments derived from pre-existing rocks on land are called: hydrogenous. cosmogenous. volcanogenic. biogenous. lithogenous.

lithogenous

Of the following sediments, which one(s) is/are considered hydrogenous? Choose all that apply. View Available Hint(s) black volcanic beach sand manganese nodules coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers radiolarian ooze abyssal clay tests of foraminifers

manganese nodules coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers

The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is: neritic siliceous sediment deposits. neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits. pelagic biogenous calcareous deposits. abyssal clay deposits. manganese nodule deposits.

neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits.

The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called ________. destruction productivity dilution erosion ecology

productivity

Collecting adequate samples from which of the following is the most difficult? Marine sediments on land Estuaries and lagoons Continental shelf The deep-ocean floor

The deep-ocean floor

Neritic sediments are most likely to be composed of __________. View Available Hint(s) basalt fragments and metallic sulfides biogenic ooze red clay sand, silt, and gravel halite, gypsum, and anhydrite

sand, silt, and gravel

Calcareous ooze is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Biogenous Sediment

Which of the following is a hollow steel tube with a heavy weight on top that is to collect sediment samples? Dredge Long line Seiche disk Rotary corer Gravity corer

Gravity corer

Oolites are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Hydrogenous Sediment

Rock salt (halite) is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment Terrigenous Sediment

Hydrogenous Sediment

Terrigenous sediment is another name for which of the following? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Turbidite deposits are an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

Which of the following natural gasses is most common in gas hydrates from under the ocean floor? Carbon dioxide Propane Hydrogen sulfide Ethane Methane

Methane

Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called: lithogenous. cosmogenous. hydrogenous. volcanogenic. biogenous.

cosmogenous.

A very important way to increase the settling rate of fine particles in the open ocean is via: wind. precipitation. carbonate dissolution. fecal pellets. deposit feeders.

fecal pellets.

The main energy resources associated with marine sediments are petroleum and ________. wind power coal rare-earth elements ethanol gas hydrates

gas hydrates

Abyssal clay is an example of which of the following sediment types? Biogenous Sediment Cosmogenous Sediment Hydrogenous Sediment Lithogenous Sediment

Lithogenous Sediment

From smallest to largest, which list of sediment particle sizes is in the correct order? View Available Hint(s) pebbles, sand, silt, clay sand, silt, clay, pebbles silt, clay, sand, pebbles clay, sand, silt, pebbles clay, silt, sand, pebbles

clay, silt, sand, pebbles