Online US History Unit 2

railroads

Much of the growth in American cities can be attributed to the _______.

the unclaimed reservation lands would be sold to settlers every Indian couple would receive 160 acres from the reservation every unmarried Indian would receive 40 acres

The Dawes Act provided that ___.

Great Cheyenne War

The Great Sioux War of 1876 might better be called the ___.

never fight again

The Nez Perce's Chief Joseph vowed ___.

Cheyenne

The Sioux had taken land in South Dakota from the ___.

ghost dance

The Sioux people turned to their ancient ways and performed the ___ in hopes of getting help from the spirits.

Black Hills

The Sioux would not stand by and watch the ___ be desecrated by miners.

Bessemer

The ______ process involved blasting iron with hot air.

was lost because General Custer showed poor judgment and was outnumbered

The battle at Little Bighorn ___.

Andrew carnegie

The most famous of the steel tycoons was ______.

enabled

The railroads did not cause all the new growth, but they ________ it.

Montana

The state not included in the Nez Perce reservation was ___

Wounded Knee

The tragedy at ___ is viewed as the end of armed resistance by the Indians.

coal and iron ore

The two main natural resources needed for iron and steel production are ______ and ______.

✓ In artisanship, one master craftsman learned and performed all the steps necessary to make an item. In the division of labor, the steps required to make an item were divided into small tasks. Each person in the assembly line needed to master only one or two steps.

What are the differences between the old-style artisanship and the new division of labor techniques?

The mind-set of settlers was changed by the railroads. The railroads added jobs and stimulated growth in other industries. The railroads changed trade relations with Asia. Western states could seek statehood. The country was brought closer together by the railroads. They helped populate the West.

What are the ways in which the land-grant programs benefited the nation at large? Select all that apply.

They were discharged and replaced.

What happened if workers complained about conditions or about long hours?

The Great Plains filled rapidly so that there was soon no unexplored or unsettled territory.

What is indicated by the expression "end of the frontier"?

Union Pacific Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad

What two companies began building railroads that would join to complete a transcontinental route?

Chinese and Irish

What two immigrant groups provided large numbers of laborers for the first transcontinental railroad?

steam and electric

What two types of power made a difference in the late 19th century?

Standard gauge was the name for the 4 feet, 8½ inches between the inner sides of the rails, the track gauge used for the transcontinental and all major connecting railroads.

What was "standard gauge"?

The loan amounts varied based upon the difficulty of laying track through the terrain.

What was the reason for varying amounts of low interest loans for each mile of track?

Promontory Point, Utah

Where did the two railroads join?

They were trying to save money to make a larger profit

Why did factory owners hire children?

to make money

Why did factory owners open their factories?

Land grants allowed the railroad to pass through territory and to raise money through the sale of lands.

Why were land grants important to the railroad industry?

People wanted to connect the west coast, especially California, with the eastern states for faster travel and greater business profits.

Why were people interested in building a transcontinental railroad?

steel

_______ was preferred for making railroad tracks.

he was bayoneted while resisting being placed in prison

Crazy Horse died when ___

iron

Engine boilers were still made from ________.

The desire for wealth caused the owners to disregard the health and safety of the workers.

How did the desire for wealth impact the owners' concern for workers?

There were few jobs available, and the jobs gave the workers a better life than that of agriculture or unemployment.

If conditions were so bad in the factories, why were so many people interested in taking these jobs?

the U.S. occupation of the Black Hills was illegal

In 1980, the Supreme Court ruled that ___.

Lake superior, minnesota

In the 1880s, huge deposits of iron ore were found around ________, particularly in_______.

vertical

Carnegie used the strategy of _______ organization to make his business profitable