Open and Closed Packed Joint Positions
Midtarsal - Close Pack
Supination
Subtalar - Close Pack
Supination
Tarsometatarsal - Close Pack
Supination
Humeroradial - Close Pack
Elbow flexed 90˚, forearm supinated 5˚
Radiocarpal and Ulnocarpal - Close Pack
Extension with radial deviation
Midcarpal - Close Pack
Extension with ulnar deviation
Glenohumeral - Close Pack
Full abduction and external rotation
Talocrural (Ankle) - Close Pack
Full dorsiflexion
Facet Joint (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine) - Close Packed Position
Full extension
Interphalangeal - Close Pack
Full extension
Metatarsophalangeal - Close Pack
Full extension
Humeroulnar (Elbow) - Close Pack
Full extension and supination
Knee (Tibiofemoral) - Close Pack
Full extension, external rotation of tibia
Humeroradial - Open Pack
Full extension, full supination
Hip - Close Pack
Full extension, internal rotation, abduction
Carpometacarpal (Fingers) - Close Pack
Full flexion
Metacarpophalangeal (Fingers) - Close Pack
Full flexion
Carpometacarpal (Thumb) "Trapeziometacarpal" - Close Pack
Full opposition
Metacarpophalangeal (Thumb) - Close Pack
Full opposition
Metacarpophalangeal (Fingers) - Open Pack
slight flexion and ulnar deviation
Metatarsophalangeal - Open Pack
10˚ extension
Talocrural (Ankle) - Open Pack
10˚ plantarflexion, midway between maximum inversion and eversion
Distal Radioulnar - Open Pack
10˚ supination
Knee (Tibiofemoral) - Open Pack
25˚ flexion
Hip - Open Pack
30˚ flexion, 30˚ abduction, slight external rotation
Glenohumeral - Open Pack
40˚ to 55˚ abduction; 30˚ horizontal adduction (scapular plane)
Distal Radioulnar - Close Pack
5˚ supination
Proximal Radioulnar - Close Pack
5˚ supination
Humeroulnar (Elbow) - Open Pack
70˚ flexion, 10˚ supination
Proximal Radioulnar - Open Pack
70˚ flexion, 35˚ supination
Acromioclavicular - Close Pack
Arm abducted to 90˚
Acromioclavicular - Open Pack
Arm resting by side in normal physiological position
Sternoclavicular - Open Pack
Arm resting by side in normal physiological position
Sacroiliac - Open Pack
Counternutation
Sternoclavicular - Close Pack
Maximum shoulder elevation and protraction
Carpometacarpal (Thumb) "Trapeziometacarpal" - Open Pack
Midway between abduction-adduction and flexion-extension
Tarsometatarsal - Open Pack
Midway between extremes of range of movement
Midtarsal - Open Pack
Midway between extremes of range of movement; 10˚ PF
Subtalar - Open Pack
Midway between extremes of range of movement; 10˚ PF
Carpometacarpal (Fingers) - Open Pack
Midway between flexion and extension
Facet Joint (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine) - Open Packed Position
Midway between flexion and extension
Tempromandibular Joint - Close Pack
Mouth closed with teeth clenched or mouth maximally opened
Tempromandibular Joint - Open Pack
Mouth slightly open (freeway space), lips together, teeth not in contact
Radiocarpal and Ulnocarpal - Open Pack
Neutral and slight ulnar deviation
Midcarpal - Open Pack
Neutral, slight flexion, slight ulnar deviation
Sacroiliac - Close Pack
Nutation
Interphalangeal - Open Pack
Slight flexion
Metacarpophalangeal (Thumb) - Open Pack
Slight flexion