Operating Systems Study Guide

What are the capabilities of UNIX?

-Network OS -Multitasking -Multiuser

List all the examples of network operating systems.

-OS X -Windows 10 -Linux

Explain the steps of the boot process.

-The BIOS is activated by turning on the computer Power Up. The first step of any boot process is applying power to the machine. ... Power-On Self Test. The next step in the boot process is called the POST, or power on self test. ... Find a Boot Device. ... Load the Operating System. ... Transfer Control.

What are the types of user interfaces?

-graphical user interface (GUI) -menu-driven -command-driven ???

What is the extension of a Microsoft Excel file?

.xlsx

What is a device driver?

A program that enables the device and operating system to communicate with each other.

List all of the Windows Utility programs and what they do.

Advanced SystemCare Free (Windows) CCleaner (Windows/Mac) Eraser (Windows) Glary Utilities 4 (Windows) Recuva (Windows) SlimCleaner (Windows) Sysinternals Suite (Windows) SIW (System Information for Windows)

What are the two operating systems are used most frequently on tablets?

Android and iOS

Define application programming interface (API).

Blocks of code the CPU recognizes Used for similar procedures A set of subroutine definitions, communication protocols, and tools for building software. In general terms, it is a set of clearly defined methods of communication among various components.

What does a Defragment and Optimize Drives utility do?

Designed to increase access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations.

When using Windows File Explorer, which view provides the most information at a glance?

Details

The basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored on a ________ chip and what does it do?

ROM; a set of computer instructions in firmware which control input and output operations.

What are the three main types of OS and who invented them?

Real-time operating systems (RTOS) are used to control machinery, scientific instruments, and industrial systems. In general, the user does not have much control over the functions performed by RTOS. Single-user, single-task operating systems allow one user to do one thing at a time. An example of a single-user, single-task operating system is the operating system used by personal digital assistants (PDAs), also known as handheld computers. Single-user, multi-tasking operating systems allow a single user to simultaneously run multiple applications on their computer. This is the type of operating system found on most personal desktop and laptop computers. Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, and Linux are three well-known examples of this type of system. Multi-user operating systems allow multiple users to simultaneously use the resources on a single computer. Unix is an example of a multi-user operating systems

What is a user interface and why do we use it?

The user interface of the operating system enables users to communicate with the computer system.

Explain virtual memory.

Using hard disk space to temporarily store data or instructions from RAM.

The two major types of system software programs

Utility programs and the operating system

Which utility temporarily removes redundancies in a file to reduce the file size?

file compression

The ________ utility automatically creates duplicates of your libraries, desktops, contacts, and favorites to another storage location.

file history

The location of a file is specified by its ________.

file path

Most smartphones use operating systems developed by ________.

google and apple

What OS do supercomputers use?

linux

What is the online storage system affiliated with a Microsoft account?

onedrive

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\protocol is an example of a file ________.

path

C: denotes a(n) ________ directory that is at the top of the filing structure of a computer.

root

Use the Windows ________ to check on a nonresponsive program.

task manager

Deleted files on a Mac computer are moved to the ________.

trash

What operating system is a proprietary OS for desktop and laptop computers?

windows