Osteoporosis

The nurse is providing teaching on the prevention of osteoporosis. Which modifiable risk factor can increase a​ client's risk of developing​ osteoporosis? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Excessive alcohol consumption B. Sedentary lifestyle C. Consumption of milk products D. Smoking E. Moderate exercise

A, B, D

The nurse is preparing medication teaching on a bisphosphonate for a client newly diagnosed with osteoporosis. The nurse should teach the client to monitor for which adverse​ effect? A. Vomiting B. Headaches C. Tinnitus D. Anorexia

A. Vomiting

The nurse is caring for several clients on the unit. Which client is at the greatest risk for​ osteoporosis? A. The client with impaired vision B. The client treated for withdrawal delirium tremens C. The client with early onset Alzheimer disease D. The client treated for an eating disorder

B. The client treated for withdrawal delirium tremens

The nurse is reviewing the chart of a pediatric client at risk for osteoporosis. Which factor in the​ client's history should the nurse identify as placing the client at risk for​ osteoporosis? A. Diabetes B. Congenital cardiac disease C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Cystic fibrosis

A. Diabetes

The nurse is reviewing the orders for a client with osteoporosis who has been prescribed a bisphosphonate. Which test should the nurse anticipate will be ordered while the client is on the​ medication? A. Serum bone Gla protein​ (osteocalcin) B. Ultrasound C. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry​ (DEXA) D. Alkaline phosphatase

A. Serum bone Gla protein​ (osteocalcin) ​Rationale: Serum bone Gla protein​ (osteocalcin) is most useful for evaluating the effects of treatment rather than to indicate the severity of the disease.​ Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry​ (DEXA) and ultrasound both measure bone​ density, not efficacy of treatment. Alkaline phosphatase also does not indicate efficacy of treatment.

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with osteoporosis who​ states, "I know I need the extra​ calcium, but I​ don't eat any dairy​ products." Which statement by the nurse provides the client with information for obtaining additional dietary​ calcium? A. ​"Increase your consumption of​ vegetables." B. ​"You can increase your consumption of​ meat." C. "Seafood is an excellent source of​ calcium." D. ​"Many types of pasta are an excellent source of​ calcium."

A. ​"Increase your consumption of​ vegetables."

The nurse is caring for a client with advanced osteoporosis who implemented the use of a heating pad in the treatment of pain. Which action by the nurse demonstrates appropriate use of the heating​ pad? A. Encouraging the use of the heat before the client ambulates B. Removing the heat every 20 to 30 minutes C. Utilizing the heat if the prescribed pain medication does not work D. Alternating the heat with an ice pack every 30 minutes

B. Removing the heat every 20 to 30 minutes

The nurse is screening clients in the clinic for osteoporosis. Which client has the greatest risk factor for​ osteoporosis? A. The client with a BMI greater than 25 ​kg/m2 B. The client taking selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors​ (SSRIs) C. The client who occasionally drinks a diet soda D. The client who walks at the park for 30 minutes each day

B. The client taking selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors​ (SSRIs)

The nurse is caring for a postmenopausal client prescribed estrogen therapy to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Which client statement indicates the need for further​ teaching? A. "I have completed my smoking cessation​ program." B. "I will be sure to maintain all​ follow-up appointments for​ evaluation." C. "I am glad I am not at risk for osteoporosis​ anymore." D. "I understand that I may experience hot​ flashes."

C. "I am glad I am not at risk for osteoporosis​ anymore."

The nurse is caring for a client with osteoporosis with a primary focus on preventing injury at night. Which is the best nursing intervention for the nurse to implement to maintain the safety of the​ client? A. Increasing the​ client's use of assistive devices B. Keeping the side rails up on the bed at all times C. Providing lighting in toilet facilities D. Restricting fluids at night to decrease nocturia

C. Providing lighting in toilet facilities

The nurse is reviewing the chart of a client with osteoporosis. Which physical assessment finding should the nurse​ anticipate? A. Generalized pain B. Unsteady gait C. Spinal curvature D. Poor posture

C. Spinal curvature

Which statement by the nurse indicates an understanding of the effects of vitamin D and calcium on​ osteoporosis? A. "A high intake of​ high-phosphate foods can help increase serum​ calcium." B. "Vitamin D is needed for renal absorption of phosphorus and​ calcium." C. "Acidosis causes calcium to be deposited into​ bone." D. "Impaired vitamin D activation reduces the serum calcium​ level."

D. "Impaired vitamin D activation reduces the serum calcium​ level."

The nurse is teaching a client with osteoporosis who has been prescribed calcium citrate supplements. Which information should the nurse include in the​ teaching? A. Take the calcium in the morning. B. Take the calcium on an empty stomach. C. Take the calcium within 2 hours after meals. D. Take the calcium with meals.

D. Take the calcium with meals.

The nurse is teaching health promotion behaviors to a client diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which behavior should the nurse​ include? A. Limiting alcohol intake B. Decreasing smoking C. Avoiding foods high in purine D. Exercising four times a week

A. Limiting alcohol intake

The nurse is caring for a client with osteoporosis. Which medication taken by the client may have contributed to this​ diagnosis? A. Prednisone B. Vitamin D supplements C. Acetaminophen D. Calcium supplements

A. Prednisone

The nurse is planning a presentation on osteoporosis to clients in an​ assisted-living center. Which group would be appropriate for the nurse to exclude from the presentation as being at risk of developing this disease​ process? A. Postmenopausal women B. Men with high testosterone levels C. Smokers D. Asian American women

B. Men with high testosterone levels

The nurse is reviewing the chart of an older adult client with a BMI of 19 ​kg/m2. Which implication does this clinical finding have on the risk for​ osteoporosis? A. The​ client's gender needs to be taken into consideration. B. The client is not at risk for osteoporosis. C. The client is at risk for osteoporosis. D. The​ client's age in relation to the BMI should be factored in.

C. The client is at risk for osteoporosis.

The nurse is caring for an older adult with a history of fractures as a result of osteoporosis. The client currently has a right radial fracture. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for the​ client? A. Pain, Chronic B. Nutrition, Imbalanced: Less than Body Requirements C. Mobility: Physical, Impaired D. Activity Intolerance

D. Activity Intolerance

A client diagnosed with osteoporosis indicates reluctance to taking medication on a daily basis. Which class of medication should the nurse anticipate will be​ prescribed? A. Tetracycline B. Calcium channel blocker C. Oral calcium supplement D. Bisphosphonate

D. Bisphosphonate ​Rationale: Recent studies suggest that​ once-weekly dosing with bisphosphonates may give the same bone density benefits as daily dosing because of the extended duration of drug action.

The nurse is caring for an older adult who is visually impaired and at risk for osteoporosis. Which activity is most appropriate to implement for the prevention of​ osteoporosis? A. Aerobics B. Swimming C. Walking on a treadmill D. Strength and balance training

D. Strength and balance training