Ottoman Friday Quiz

After Suleyman's death, sultans ...

1) Became less involved in government 2) Ministers excercised more power 3) Corruption grew

Women were allowed to...

1) Own their own and inherit property 2) They could not be forced into marriage and were sometimes allowed to divorce.

How long did the Byzantine Empire fight for?

2 months

After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, what began?

3-day sack of the city

Where they could, the Ottomans ...... and ..... regions through local rules.

Administered ; conquered

Where did the Turks eventually move to after the end of the Byzantine empire?

Austria and the western end of the Mediterranean until the Spanish defeated a large Ottoman fleet.

Ottoman sultans began claiming the title of .... in the 16th century.

Caliph

Who appointed pashas?

Central government

Where did Mehmed lay siege to?

Constantinople

Definition of Caliph

Defender of faith and the successor to Muhammed

What else did Sultan Selim take over besides Mesopotamia?

Egypt and Arabia

In the early 14th century, the Osman turks began to .... and began the ......?

Expand ; Ottoman Dynasty

Where else did the Ottoman Turks expand to in the 14th century?

Expanded into the Balkans

The Ottoman Empire was one of the many empires often called a ....?

Gunpowder empire

The private domain of the Sultan was the....

Harem

What helped govern?

Imperial council

What was Constantinople renamed?

Istanbul

How were Janissaries recruited?

Janissaries were recruited from the Christian population. After being recruited, they were converted to Muslim.

How were Janissaries trained?

Janissaries were trained as foot soldiers or administrators, they served the sultan.

What Islam holy cities was Selim control of?

Jerusalem, Mecca, and Medina

Who was the next leader of the Ottomans?

Mehmed 11

Which of the classes was the most privileged?

Merchants

Officials and .... began to imitate Europeans in ......?

Merchants ; clothes, furniture, and art

Under Mehmed 11's rule, what did the Ottomans do?

Moved to end the Byzantine Empire.

Which religion were the Ottomans?

Muslims

What did Selim declare himself as?

New Caliph

What did the Ottomans master in the late 14th century?

New technology.

The Ottomans were generally tolerant of .....?

Non-muslims

During the 1390's, where did the Ottomans expand and what did they annex.

Northward; Bulgaria

The Ottoman Turks began to build power in the ...

Northwest corner of the Anatolian Peninsula

The Ottoman Turks were under the leader of...

Osman

Non-muslims....? Non-muslims were also allowed to ....

Paid tax ; practice their own religion or convert to Islam

What were the four main occupational groups of the Ottoman society?

Peasants, merchants, artisans, and pastoral people.

Who said, "what a city we have given over to plunder and destruction." Why did he say this?

Ruin and destruction

The Ottoman Empire reached its ultimate height under....

Suleyman 1; suleyman the magnificent

All land was ultimately controlled by...?

Sultan

At the head of the Ottoman system was the ....

Sultan

Who took control over Mesopotamia from 1514-517?

Sultan Selim 1

The Ottomans were which type of Muslims?

Sunni Muslims

What is the Sultan?

Supreme authority both militarily and politically

The Janissaries, trained as well-armed infantry, were able to spread Ottoman control where?

The Balkans

Which two straits did the Ottomans eventually control?

The Bosporus and the Dardanelles

Which empire had controlled this area for centuries?

The Byzantine empire.

What was the imperial council led by?

The Grand Vizier

What did the Ottoman Turks build? How did they do this?

The Ottoman Turks built a strong military. They did this by developing an elite guard called Janissaries.

Who did the Ottomans defeat in which battle in 1389?

The Ottomans defeated the Serbs in the Battle of Kosovo.

Where did the Ottomans lay siege on? Who were they repulsed by and where were they pushed out of?

The Ottomans laid siege to Vienna but were repulsed by a European army and pushed out of Hungary.

What separated the two straits? What did these two straits connect? What did these straits lead to?

The sea of Marmara ; connected the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. Leads to the Mediterranean Sea.

What were the Ulema?

This group administered the legal system and the schools.

What were pashas responsible for?

To collect taxes, maintain law and order, responsible to the Sultan's court in Constantinople.

Over the following 300 years, where did Ottoman rule expand?

Western Asia, North Africa, and Europe.

Change in the empire was also brought about by the exchange of....?

Western and Ottoman ideas and customs.

Some sultans attempted to outlaw certain ......, such as ....?

Western goods; coffee and tobacco

In which direction did the Ottomans expand in?

Westward

The Ottomans did not invest in manufacturing and could not....

compete with European manufactured goods

A gunpowder empires' success was largely based on its mastery of .....?

firearm technology

The Harem was where...

he and his wives resided.

The economy was troubled by .....

inflation and imbalance of trade between the empire and Europe.

The declining economy left little money for ....

military expansion

Gunpowder empires were formed by.....

outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered.

When a son became sultan, his mother became....

queen mother and often had power as an advisor.

The Ottomans gave part of their .... to Ulema.

religious duties

As Constantinople as the Ottomans new capital, the Ottoman Turks dominated....

the Balkans and the Anatolian Peninsula

The Ottomans retained the .... of their empire but would never .....

threaten central Europe again.