page layout web design

fixed

definite width

building floating layouts requires that you chose a method for containing the

floating elements

floats can cause

problems

modern web designs are built using the

CSS layout capabilities

fixed layout

a layout that remains constant despite the resizing of the browser in different screen resolutions and monitor sizes

flexible layout

a layout that shifts as the user resizes the window, wrapping text or adding white space as necessary to adapt to the size of the browser window

flexible layouts

adapt to size of the browser window the flexible layouts shift as the user resizes the window, wrapping text or adding white space as necessary

when designing float based layouts floats occasionally do not

appear exactly where you want them to appear the clear property can help you solve this problem

another benefit of using the wrapper division to contain your layout is the ability to

automatically center th layout horizontally in the browser

margin properties set to auto tell the browser to

automatically proportion the extra space in the browser window resulting in a centered layout

flexible

based on browser size and screen resolution

a web page design can contain

both floating and none floating ekemebts

if you use a no floating footer element in the normal flow with the clear property set to

both, the containing wrapper will extend beyond the footer property to contain all the content elements on the page

in the normal flow for inline elements

boxes are laid out horizontally beginning of at the top left of the containing block

in the normal flow for block-level elements

boxes are laid out vertically one after the other starting at the top of containing block each box horizontally fills the browser window

when floating elements extend beyond their continuing elements this results in

broken layout

flexible layouts offer the advantage of adapting to the users

browser size

media queries used to

build responsive web page designs that adapt to different device types

the box sizing property

can constrain the boxes width so they always fit within the containing element regardless of the border or padding size

a section can represent a

chapter or any other cohesive grouping of content on your web site

the <article> element is a

compete self contained composition in a document, oage, application, or site and that is in principle independently distributed or reusable e.g. in syndication

<article> and <section> elements can both be used to

contain content and they can be interchangeably nested within each other so articles csn contain sections and sections can contain articles

the <div> element has no special meaning use it only as a

container for block of content

you can nest content elements within

containers and create interesting content presentations

using box type properties you can create

containers that are any shape you need to contain and segregate sections of content

creating verticle columns helps you create

containing content and control the white space between and within columns

the body element is the

containing element for the content section of the webpage

use the <div> element to create

content sections in your web page dedigns

articles can contain any

content so you can add footers asides and other content elements to your articles

the aside element designed for

content that is tangentially related to the content around it this element floats right within the article element and it is offset from the border of the article element with a right margin a image element can also be floated this way

the borders and width

contribute to the width of each element

floats can

create multi column web pages fixed or flexible

when the header has no width it

defaults to the width of the browser window as any normal flow element would

the normal flow

determines the sequence of element display like in HTML

the elements within the body element are displayed

exactly in the order they appear in code from top to bottom

floats are designed to

extend outside of their containing eke!ents because the original concept of floating was to allow text to wrap around imsges

pixel measurements are favored by many designers when creating

fixed designs

within the wrapper you can chose whether to contain only

fixed elements, percentage elements, or a combination of the two because the outside of the page is fixed the design is more precise and content can flow down the page as necessary

many designers prefer

fixed layouts because they have more control over the finished design they can also build more complex layouts because they can be fairly site of consistent results

using floating elements you can

float elements within element within elements

elements don't appear next to each other unless they are

floated for have a display type of inline

text wraps around an image it is an advantage of

floats

the browser

flows the text into the inline boxes wrapping the text to the next line box as determined by the containing box or the browser window size

the wrapper element

holds all the pieces together and allows the page to be centered in the browser window

the <div> element is well known because it was used

in place of elements like <article> and <section> prior to HTML5 now that elements are specifically designer for semantic representation of page content <div> will not be used as often

the float property

let's you build columnar by floating content elements to fighter the right or left side of the browser window

element position can be affected by

margin or padding properties but the browser usually lays out elements top to bottom left to right until all elements are displayed

the space between boxes is determined by the

margin settings

you can control the compression and expansion of your content in a flexible layout by setting

minimum and maximum widths for the content

flexible layouts from a design viewpoint this can be less desirable because of the wide range of

monitor sizes and resolutions

if you have multiple columns at least one

needs to be no floating on the normal flow and positioned with margin properties

the <articke> and <section> elements are new to HTML5 and their general usage and acceptance had usage across the web development community is

not consistent

various margin and padding settings

offset the content from the sides of the container elements

a division element

often called a wrapper centers the web page within the browser window regardless of screen resolution

by default the browser normally displays elements on the page

one after the other, depending on whether the elements are block level or inline elements

HTML tables are not intended for

page layout they still exist but are not in favor

floats

position content elements on a web page and move them out of the normal flow of elements

fixed layouts

remain constant despite the resizing of the browser in different screen resolutions and monitor sizes

flexible layouts are the basis for

responsive layouts

automatic centering is a

simple use of the margin property

a article must

stand on its own and as a complete piece of content even if it is removed from it's web site

html5 has several sectioning elements

such as <header> and <footer> elements three sectioning elements <div> <article> and <section> are not as apparent and can be confusing

the <section> element represents a

tgermatically grouoedsection of the document and should contain a heading element to describe it's contents

960 pixel value for the width reflects

the base screen resolution of 1024x768

a wrapped division element contains

the content elements an dssts the fixed width for the layout

the inline boxes comprise

the lines of text within

normal flow

the sequence of element display in standard HTML from top to bottom and left to right until all elements that make up the web page have been displayed

floating elements must always havea specified width or they will expand to

the size of the browser window

the article element also contains a

themed group of content but it is different from <section> W3C describes

you can create a division element

to contain an entire web page often called a wrapper

float

to position an element by taking it out of the normal flow of the web page layout

some elements float

to the left or right of the other elements the page

in a standard HTML document the default positioning of elements is generally

top to bottom and left to right

column drops occur when the

total width of the columnar elements in a page layout exceeds the width of their containing element

to avoid guessing screen measurements

use a tool like screen ruler to easily measure pixels on your computer monitor

to fix the problem with floating elements two methods

using a normal flow element or using the clear property

normally you want to avoid using height on elements that contain

varying lengths of content as too much content will overflow a fixed height

in most cases other elements can represent post parts of a

web page so the <section> element might not be used much

the width of a box element includes the total of it's

width value plus any left or right padding, border, or margin

fixed layouts are normally contained by a

wrapper element that controls the page width and centers the page in the browser window

with a simple layout flexibke web sites resize gracefully but with more complex content and page designs

you may want to restrict your design with the min-width and max-width properties

when you float or position an element

you take it out of the normal flow so check results frequently

column drop

A layout error that occurs when the total width of the columnar elements in a page layout exceeds the width of their containing element

wrapper

A division element designed to contain an entire Web page.