PAL/MAP Assignments

Match the Positive&Negative Feedbacks w/ the correct examples: 1. Used for changes in blood glucose levels: 2. Used for changes in blood pressure: 3. Used for blood clotting: 4. Used for childbirth:

1. Used for changes in blood glucose levels: Negative feedback 2. Used for changes in blood pressure: Negative feedback 3. Used for blood clotting: Positive feedback 4. Used for childbirth: Positive feedback

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organs

2-1-4-3-5

Using figure, match the following descriptions to the most appropriate letter on the diagram Letters: A B C D E Definitions: 1- Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain. 2- Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting colder). 3- Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways. 4- A change in the temperature of the external environment (getting colder). 5- Skeletal muscles respond with shivering reflex which provides heat to return the body's temperature to a homeostatic balance or "ideal" value.

A: 4- A change in the temperature of the external environment (getting colder). B: 2- Free nerve endings in the skin detect changes in skin temperature (getting colder). C: 1- Information about body temperature is sent through afferent pathways to the brain. D: 3- Appropriate response information is sent through efferent pathways. E: 5- Skeletal muscles respond with shivering reflex which provides heat to return the body's temperature to a homeostatic balance or "ideal" value.

True/ False: Digestion includes breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks, synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substances, and using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP

False

What is the function of serous fluid?

It enables organs, such as the heart and the stomach, to slide across cavity walls and each other without friction.

You have been asked to teach the principles of CPR to a group of teens training to be lifeguards. You use a diagram of the thoracic cavity to help you explain how chest compressions can maintain circulation. Which view of the chest would best illustrate this point?

Sagittal

Why is the figure considered to be an example of a negative feedback system, as opposed to a positive feedback system?

The figure illustrates the correction of an imbalance back to a baseline.

Which interaction in the figure represents the primary means by which nutrients enter the transport system of the body? a) 1 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5

a) 1 *Nutrients are absorbed from food and transported into the cardiovascular system for dispersal to body cells

Which of these would be an INCORRECT conclusion about the structure shown in image 3? a) It represents a specific type of cell. b) It is a potential component of a living cell. c) It represents subcellular structures that perform specific functions in a cell. d) It is composed of several different macromolecular types.

a) It represents a specific type of cell.

Match the following systems to their functions words: a) Muscular b) Nervous c) Skeletal d) Integumentary definitions: 1) responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses 2) Provides the force to move bones about their joints 3) Prevents water loss, entry of germs into the body and synthesizes vitamin D 4) Provides a ridged framework to support the body and store minerals

a) Muscular - 2 b) Nervous - 1 c) Skeletal - 4 d) Integumentary - 3

Label the levels of structural organization in the human body. a) chemical level b) tissue level c) organismal level d) organ system level e) cellular level f) organ level

a) chemical level e) cellular level b) tissue level f) organ level d) organ system level c) organismal level

If the rate of anabolic reaction in the body is much faster than the rate of catabolic reactions, which of the following necessary life function will be accomplished? a) growth b) digestion c) movement d) responsiveness

a) growth

One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of anatomical study, the rest are from a physiological perspective. Select the description below that comes from an anatomical perspective. a) the innermost lining of the lungs is composed primarily of a thin tissue called simple squamous epithelium b) The direction of blood flow through the heart is directed by one-way valves. c) The cell-to-cell connections between heart (cardiac) muscle cells are strong. They hold the tissue together for a lifetime of forceful contractions. d)The extremely thin tissue (simple squamous epithelium) of the lungs allows for the quick diffusion of respiratory gases into and out of the body.

a) the innermost lining of the lungs is composed primarily of a thin tissue called simple squamous epithelium

You are asked to draw blood from the median cubital vein. You will search for this vein in the ________

anterior side of the elbow

You go home for the holidays after your first semester of nursing school, and your grandma tells you that the doctor removed a nevus from her left scapular region. What procedure did she have done? a) She had a mole removed from her left sternal region. b) She had a mole removed from the back of her ear. c) She had a mole removed from her left shoulder blade. d) She had a mole removed from her left knee.

c) She had a mole removed from her left shoulder blade

Your friend broke a rib while playing in a pickup basketball game. Which of the following descriptions helps you understand precisely where he is experiencing pain? a) tenderness in the left hypochondriac region b) pain in the top of the chest c) extreme discomfort just lateral to the sternum on the left side d) right upper quadrant

c) extreme discomfort just lateral to the sternum on the left side

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback? a) withdrawing your hand from a painful stimulus, like a broken glass b) reducing of blood sugar by the hormone insulin c) forming a platelet plug during blood clotting d) shivering to warm your body up in cold weather

c) forming a platelet plug during blood clotting

Which of the following correctly describes the function of serous fluid? a) provide a thick, fluid-filled space between the organs of the body to prevent them from touching each other b) circulate nutrients and oxygen to the organs within the ventral cavity c) reduce friction between the organs of the ventral cavity d) reduce friction as food passes through the digestive tract

c) reduce friction between the organs of the ventral cavity

Which of the following organs is least likely to be damaged in an automobile accident? a) stomach b) intestines c) urinary bladder d) liver

c) urinary bladder

To which portion of the chromosome do the mitotic spindle microtubules attach during the phase of mitosis?

centromere

Which structure moves liquid past the surface of the cell?

cilia

Type I diabetes is caused when an individual does not produce insulin. Which of the following statements regarding insulin is TRUE? a) Insulin is the stimulus for the positive feedback mechanism that controls blood sugar. b) Insulin is the effector that controls blood sugar. c) Insulin is the receptor that triggers the negative feedback mechanism that controls blood sugar. d) Insulin is the chemical messenger released from the pancreas when blood sugar is too high.

d) Insulin is the chemical messenger released from the pancreas when blood sugar is too high

All living things maintain a boundary between their internal environment and the external environment. Which of the following systems functions only within the internal environment of the human organism? a) digestive system b) integumentary system c) respiratory system d) urinary system e) circulatory system

e) circulatory system

What term is used to refer to the epithelium in a blood vessel?

endothelium

Which activity occurs in the cell during the highlighted portion of the cell cycle?

growth

You are told to take an axillary temperature on a small child. You will place the thermometer ________

in the armpit

Label the dorsal and ventral body cavities and their subdivisions.

look at the picture provided-->

Prevention of water loss is a necessary function for life that would best fit in the category of ________

maintaining boundaries

Which life process generates the raw materials and energy needed to sustain all other life processes?

metabolism

Parents bring a toddler to the emergency department after she tripped and fell on the sidewalk. You note a submental laceration. As you evaluate this girl, you are most concerned about trauma to which other anatomic region?

oral

a structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific function for the body is a(n)

organ

Which type of serous membrane is located within the lower mediastinum?

parietal pericardium

The membrane that lines the thoracic cavity walls is the __________

parietal pleura

It is wise to study anatomy alongside with physiology because ________.

physiology is only explainable in terms of the underlying anatomy

When a baby suckles at its mother's breast the stimulus at the breast is sent to the mother's brain (a region called the hypothalamus). The brain responds by releasing hormones to stimulate the production and the ejection of milk from the breast. This helps the newborn to receive nourishment and encourages more suckling. This example is best described as a ________.

postive feedback

Identify the type of the epithelial tissue appears to be stratified but instead consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped and differently sized columnar cells?

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

In a homeostatic control mechanism, which component monitors the environment?

receptor

With regards to a set point or normal limit, negative feedback always __________ a physiological value to the set point or normal limit.

returns

One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to ________

sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them

Identify the epithelium that lines most organs of the digestive tract including the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

simple columnar epithelium

What epithelium is a columnar epithelium that is uni-layered?

simple columnar epithelium

Which epithelial type is found lining parts of organs and ducts in the body?

simple cuboidal epithelium

Identify the epithelium that is a single layer of flat cells in contact with the basal lamina (one of the two layers of the basement membrane)?

simple squamous epithelium

Identify the epithelium that consists of squamous (flattened) epithelial cells arranged in layers upon a basal membrane.

stratified squamous epithelium

If the figure were used to represent the regulation of body temperature, the structures represented by the letter C could include __________.

sweat glands in the skin

Identify the fifth phase of mitosis.

telophase

If a patient experiences inflammation of the membrane on the surface of the stomach, which membrane is affected?

visceral peritoneum