parasitology quizzes

What specific challenge does Trypanosoma brucei present to the immune system? a. It frequently changes its antigens, staying one step ahead of the host's antibody response. b. It specifically attacks B lymphocytes preventing activation and antibody production. c. Its antigens are not recognized by B and T lymphocytes so these host defense cells don't respond to the infection. d. It specifically attacks T lymphoc

a. It frequently changes its antigens, staying one step ahead of the host's antibody response.

Zoonosis is a term used to describe humans' relationship with a(n): a. Accidental parasite b. Ectoparasite c. Endoparasite d. Facultative parasite

a. accidental parasite

Which of the following are likely to predispose patients to fungal infections? a. Malnutrition b. Cancer c. AIDS d. Tuberculosis e. All of the choices are correct.

a. all of the choices are correct

Candidiasis includes a. All of these choices are correct. b. oral cavity andesophageal infections. c. vulvo vaginal infection. d. skin and nailinfections. e. intertriginous infection of skin sites.

a. all of these choices are correct

You have flown to a sub-tropical climate on a medical mission to help treat parasitic infections in an area of poor sanitation. Many of the individuals have been infected by a helminth, capable of exiting the host through the nose, mouth and anus. You have identified the white creamy worms as: a. Ascaris lumbricoides b. Ancyclostoma duodenale c. Anisakis marina d. Ancylostoma canium

a. ascaris lumbricoides

This organism commonly contaminates grains, corn, and peanuts and produces a potent mycotoxin called aflatoxin: a. Aspergillus flavus b. Fusarium species c. Rhizopus species d. Geotrichum candidum e. Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci

a. aspergillus flavus

Local city water supplies have been sources of parasitic infections. The most common organisms implicated in these events include: a. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia b. Trypanosoma brucei gambience and Entamoeba histolytica c. Toxoplasma gondii and Entamoeba histolytica d. Giardia lamblia and Toxoplasma gondii

a. cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia

Outbreaks of diarrhea have been caused by a parasite that has been associated with raspberries, strawberries, herbs, and baby lettuces. The most likely parasite is: a. Cyclospora cayetanensis b. Toxoplasma gondii c. Cryptosporidium parvum d. Giardia lamblia

a. cyclospora cayetanesis

The host in which the parasite reaches sexual or reproductive maturity is referred to as a(n) a. Definitive host b. Transport host c. Intermediate host d. Reservoir host

a. definitive host

The sexually mature life cycle stage of helminths occurs in the a. definitive host. b. secondary host. c. intermediate host. d. transport host.

a. definitive host

Which of the following tapeworm infections is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency macrocytic anemia: a. Diphyllobothrium latum b. Taenia solium c. Hymenolepis nana d. Taenia saginata

a. diphyllobothrium latum

The nematode infection that is acquired by ingesting a Cyclops (water flea) is: a. Dracunculus medinensis b. Enterobius vermicularis c. Trichinella spiralis d. Necator americanus

a. dracunculus medinensis

Which of the following relationships is mismatched? a. T. brucei gambiense and Gambian sleeping sickness b. Tsetse fly and African Sleeping sickness c. T.brucei rhodesiense and West African sleeping sickness d. Black flies and Onchocera volvulus e. Teania solium and swine

c. T.brucei rhodesiense and west african sleeping sickness

Which of the following disease is transmitted via tsetse fly bites? a. Chagas' disease b. Giardiasis c. African sleeping sickness d. Leishmaniasis

c. african sleeping sickness

Transmission of tineas include a. human to human. b. fomites to human. c. All of these choices are correct. d. animal to human. e. soil to human.

c. all of these choices are correct

Amphotericin B, nystatin, and the imidazoles are all a. culture media supplements for fungi. b. fungal enzymes. c. antifungal drugs. d. mycotoxins. e. None of the choices are correct.

c. antifungal drugs

The large intestines of pigs are the primary reservoir of the pathogen that causes a. cryptosporidiosis and cyclosporiasis. b. amebic meningoencephalitis. c. balantidiasis. d. trypanosomiasis leishmaniasis. e. amebiasis and trichomoniasis.

c. balantidiasis

All following pprotozoan infect cardiovascular, lymphatic systems EXCEPT a. Plasmodium species. b. Trypanosoma species c. Cyclospora species d. Leishmania species

c. cyclospora species

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called a. Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycota). b. saprobes. c. dimorphic. d. spores. e. pseudohyphae.

c. dimorphic

The ability of a fungus to grow as a yeast or a mold depending on its environmental temperature is called a. dermatophytes. b. fungal virulence. c. dimorphism. d. opportunistic fungi. e. parasitism.

c. dimorphism

Which parasite is carried by Cyclops, an arthropod commonly found in still water? a. Toxoplasma gondii b. Taenia saginata c. Dracunculus medinesis d. Schistosoma mansoni e. Fasciola hepatica

c. dracunculus medinesis

The highest incidence of histoplasmosis in the United States occurs in the a. Northeast. b. Southwest. c. Southeast. d. East and Midwest. e. Rocky Mountains.

d. east and midwest

Which is mismatched? a. Diphyllobothrium latum - fish b. Taenia saginata - beef c. Anisakis - fish d. Echinococcus granulosus - poultry e. Taenia solium - pork

d. echinococcus granulosus- poultry

Closed fecal sanitation systems had directly led to the reduction of all of the following nematode infections EXCEPT: a. Strongyloidiasis b. Giadiasis c. Ascariasis d. Elephantiasis

d. elephantiasis

Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include a. a circular rash that appears on the trunk and spreads to the extremities. b. loss of hair. c. a red skin papule that spreads to a large ulcer. d. headache, sweating, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. e. None of the choices are correct.

d. headache, sweating, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps, and diarrhea

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of a. fungi. b. protozoa. c. algae. d. helminths.

d. helminths

An Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite may be identified by which of the following morphologic features? a. Ingested RBCs and a single nucleus with a central karyosome b. Ingested WBCs and two nucleoli with central karyosomes c. Ingested RBCs and a single nucleus with an eccentric karyosome d. Ingested RBCs, a single nucleus, and a large cytoplasmic glycogen vacuole

a. ingested RBCs and a single nucleus with a central karyosome

Schistosoma and Plasmodium species both require a. two hosts to complete their life cycle and reproduce. b. immunocompromised hosts. c. transmission by insect vectors. d. direct sexual contact for transmission.

a. two hosts to complete their life cycle and reproduce

Which is incorrect about histoplasmosis? a. Chronic cases have symptoms similar to tuberculosis. b. Respiratory infections range from mild to severe. c. The pathogen grows inside macrophages. d. Histoplasmosis never spreads to sites outside the respiratory tract. e. It is transmitted by inhalation of spores.

d. histoplasmosis never spreads to sites outside the respiratory tract

Entamoeba histolytica is acquired by: a. sexual contact. b. contaminated food. c. contaminated water. d. ingestion of cysts of the pathogen. e. All of the choices are correct.

e. all of the choices are correct

Schistosomiasis involves a. a blood fluke. b. cercariae which penetrate hair follicles and pass to the blood and then the liver. c. snails which enable development of the parasite into cercaria. d. a life cycle stage which continues when eggs from humans enter water and develop into miracidia. e. All of the choices are correct.

e. all of the choices are correct

Trichinellosis includes all the following, except a. the first symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, fever, and pain. b. humans are infected by ingesting encysted larvae. c. the larvae migrate from intestines to blood and various body tissues. d. infection is associated with ingestion of undercooked pork or bear meat. e. All of the choices are correct.

e. all of the choices are correct

Decaying vegetation, such as piles of leaves and compost matter, allows growth and transmission of a. Pneumocystis. b. Cryptococcus. c. Dermatophytes. d. Candida. e. Aspergillus.

e. aspergillus

The terms used for the four general types of fungal infection include the following, except a. superficial. b. subcutaneous. c. cutaneous. d. systemic. e. bloodborne.

e. bloodborne

Amebiasis symptoms include: a. fever, swollen lymph nodes, and joint pain. b. sore throat, low-grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes. c. chills, fever, and sweating. d. urinary frequency and pain, and vaginal discharge. e. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss.

e. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss

Blastomyces dermatitidis a. usually entersthrough the gastrointestinal tract b. is transmitted byskin contact with fomites. c. All of these choices are correct. d. is adermatophyte. e. causes Gilchrist's disease and Chicago's disease.

e. causes gilchrist's disease and chicago's disease

Ben, a 17-year-old wrestler, developed a lesion on his upper back. The lesion was relatively round and consisted of a pink scaly rough center and raised edge. While it wasn't painful, the itching was bothersome to the young man. His coach advised him to see his doctor about the lesion. Upon visiting his physician, a scraping of the affected area was collected and placed in a drop of KOH, then examined under the microscope, revealing slender fungal hyphae. A culture was inoculated, which grew a spreading flat fuzzy colony after 10 days of incubation at 30°C. Microscopic examination of the culture demonstrated the presence of both macroconidia and microconidia. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. cutaneous blastomycosis b. candidiasis c. tinea versicolor d. sporotrichosis e. dermatophytosis

e. dematophytosis

Alternative names for Blastomyces dermatitidis include a. farmer's lung. b. rose Gardener's disease. c. teapicker's lung. d. valley fever. e. Gilchrist's disease.

e. gilchrist's disease

Which antifungal drug inhibits cell division of the fungus? a. Fluconazole b. Amphotericin B c. Ketoconazole (Nizoral) d. Terbinafine (Lamisil) e. Griseofulvin

e. griseofulvin

Which antifungal drug inhibits cell division of the fungus? a. Fluconazole b. Ketoconazole (Nizoral) c. Terbinafine (Lamisil) d. Amphotericin B e. Griseofulvin

e. griseofulvin

Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton a. produce tissue—damaging mycotoxins. b. are dimorphic fungi. c. frequently causesepticemia. d. all causeathlete's foot. e. have reservoirs that include humans, animals, and soils.

e. have reservoirs that include humans, animals, and soils

All of the following pertain to Candida albicans, except a. it is an opportunistic yeast. b. small numbers found in the mouth, intestines, genitalia, and skin. c. persistent moist skin influences infection. d. infections often arise from an endogenous source. e. it has a large capsule.

e. it has a large capsule

Serious mycoses treated with amphotericin B include all the following, except a. coccidioidomycosis. b. zygomycosis. c. invasiveaspergillosis. d. histoplasmosis. e. Pneumocystispneumonia.

e. pneumocystis pneumonia

Trichinella spiralis is a/an ________ that invades the ________. a. ameba, intestine b. flagellate, large intestine c. tapeworm, lungs d. flatworm, heart e. roundworm, intestine and muscle

e. roundworm, intestine and muscle

The primary portal of entry for fungal infections is a. Through skin. b. The nervous system. c. The digestive system. d. The urinary tract. e. The respiratory tract.

e. the respiratory tract

Which of the following is not an effective way to minimize human contact with parasitic helminths? a. Proper sewage disposal b. Avoiding human feces as fertilizer c. Freezing foods d. Thoroughly cooking foods e. These are all effective ways.

e. these are all effective ways

Chromoblastomycosis a. is caused by saprobes with dark-pigmented mycelia and spores. b. is a serious respiratory tract infection. c. is a systemic infection. d. is caused bydimorphic fungi. e. has a peak incidence in Alaska.

a. is caused by sapropbes with dark-pigmented mycelia and spores

The Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote: a. Is the intracellular, dividing form that can be found in macrophages or heart muscle b. Is the non-dividing form found in the rejuviid bug c. Has a characteristic "C" shape d. None of the above

a. is the intracellular, dividing form that can be found in macrophages or heart muscle

Which is incorrect about tinea versicolor? a. it is often transmitted by fomites. b. It is asuperficial mycosis. c. It occasionally causes systemicinfections in compromised patients. d. It is caused bythe yeast Malassezia furfur. e. It causesdisruption of skin pigmentation resulting in a mottled appearance.

a. it is often transmitted by fomites

In the Ascaris lumbricoides life cycle, after eggs are ingested, the next stage in the life cycle that must occur before a mature adult can live in the host's intestine is called the: a. liver-lung migration b. Diagnostic stage c. Method of infection d. Infective stage

a. liver-lung migration

The infective form in the Fasciola hepatica life cycle is the: a. Metacercaria b. Redia c. eggs d. Sporocyst

a. metacercaria

For which of the following is sputum useful in the diagnosis of parasitic infection: a. Paragonimus westermani b. Schistosoma mansoni c. Clonorchis sinensis d. Fasciola hepatica

a. paragonimus westermani

You may find ____________ inside human red blood cells and _________ outside human red blood cells a. Plasmodium merozoites, Wuchereria microfilariae b. Wuchereria microfilariae, Plasmodium merozoites, c. Wuchereria adults, Plasmodium merozoites, d. Wuchereria microfilariae, Plasmodium cysts,

a. plasmodium merozoites, wuchereria microfilariae

Which animals serve as intermediate hosts for human schistosomes? a. Snails b. Fish c. Humans d. Reduviid bugs e. Mosquitoes

a. snails

Most patients with toxoplasmosis that are not immunocompromised experience a. sore throat, low grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes. b. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss. c. fever, swollen lymph nodes, and joint pain. d. chills, fever, and sweating. e. urinary frequency and pain, and vaginal discharge.

a. sore throat, low grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes

Consumption of raw or undercooked beef is associated with a. Taenia saginata b. Taenia solium c. Diphyllidium carninum d. Trichinella spiralis

a. taenia saginata

All of the following are fungal allergies, except a. thrush. b. bark stripper'sdisease. c. All of these choices are correct. d. farmer's lung. e. teapicker'slung.

a. thrush

Which is mismatched? a. Tinea capitis -ringworm of the beard b. Tinea cruis -ringworm of the groin c. Tinea pedis -ringworm of the foot d. Tinea unguium - ringworm of thenails e. Tinea corporis -ringworm of the body

a. tinea capitis -ringworm of the beard

Which of the follow disease affects fetus development if pregnant women contract the disease for the first time during pregnancy? a. toxoplasmosis b. African sleeping sickness c. giardiasis d. malaria

a. toxoplasmosis

A person carrying one gene for sickle-cell hemoglobin will be resistant to Plasmodium infection. a. True b. False

a. true

All fungi are heterotrophic and can break their substrates down by secreting enzymes. a. True b. False

a. true

Dermatophyte spores can survive for years on fomites. a. True b. False

a. true

Fungal spores are common allergens that cause hypersensitivities. a. True b. False

a. true

Hookworms and threadworms usually enter the body by penetrating into the skin. a. True b. False

a. true

In temperate zones, pinworms are the most common helminth infection. a. True b. False

a. true

Which of the following parasitic diseases is a zoonosis: a. Ascaris lumbricoides b. Trichinella spiralis c. Dracunculus medinensis d. Strongyloides stercoralis

b. Trichinella spiralis

Dermatophytoses are a. fungal infectionsof the skin, hair, and nails. b. All of these choices are correct. c. often time-consuming to eradicate completely. d. also called ringworm. e. also called tineas.

b. all of these choices are correct

Enterobius vermicularis is a. often fatal in heavy infestations. b. an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and fomites. c. common only to the tropics and subtropics. d. a whipworm. e. All of the choices are correct.

b. an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and fomites

Which of the following parasites must be swallowed twice by the human host, first as an egg and later as a larva? a. Schistosoma mansoni b. Ascaris lumbricoides c. Taenia saginata d. Enterobius vermicularis e. Necatur americanus

b. ascaris lumbricoides

Toxoplasma gondii can infect most mammals but can only sexually reproduce in: a. Pigs b. Cats c. Humans d. Cattle

b. cats

The definitive host for Echinococcus granulosus is a: a. Cow b. Dog c. Human d. Sheep

b. dog

Acanthamoeba differs from Naegleria fowleri in that only Acanthamoeba a. is aquired by swimming in contaminated water. b. enters typically through broken skin or the conjunctiva. c. is the cause of primary amebic meningoencephalitis. d. enters through the nasal mucosa. e. is a free-living ameba of fresh waters.

b. enters typically through broken skin or the conjunctiva

Which cells are more likely to be associated with destroying parasitic worm infection? a. neutrophils b. eosinophile c. macrophages d. basophils

b. eosinophile

Amphotericin B is an over-the-counter drug to treat athlete's foot. a. True b. False

b. false

Boiling will not kill Giardia lamblia cysts in contaminated water. a. True b. False

b. false

Chagas disease is treated with chloroquine. a. True b. False

b. false

Plasmodium species are hemoflagellates. a. True b. False

b. false

There are more antibiotics available to treat eukaryotic parasite infection compare to that of bacteria infection because eukaryotic parasite belong to same domain as human. a. True b. False

b. false

Thermal dimorphism is associated with opportunistic fungi and never seen in true fungal pathogens. a. True b. False

b. false

chiropractic doctors are not required to report patients with malaria. only primary care physicians do a. true b. false

b. false

Which of the following disease is transmitted via contaminated water? a. Chagas' disease b. Giardiasis c. African sleeping sickness d. Leishmaniasis

b. giardiasis

Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by: a. Trypanosoma brucei gambience b. Leishmania donovani c. Trypanosoma cruzi d. Leishmania braziliensis

b. leishmania donovani

A 10-year-old boy with symptoms of meningitis and a history of swimming in his farm pond was brought to the hospital emergency department. Examination of his CSF revealed motile amoeba measuring 12 µm in diameter. The most likely parasite is: a. Acanthamoeba spp. trophozoites b. Naeglaria fowleri trophozoites c. Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoites e. Endolimax nana trophozoites

b. naeglaria fowleri trophozoites

Which of the following parasitic diseases can cause blindness: a. Brugia malayi b. Onchocerca volvulus c. Giardia lamblia d. Wuchereria bancrofti

b. onchocera volvulus

All of the following pertain to tapeworms, except the a. scolex is the attachment organ. b. one proglottid segment will have either female or male reproductive organs. c. cysticerci are young infective larvae ingested in undercooked meat. d. strobila is made up of proglottids. e. proglottids are reproductive segments.

b. one proglottid segment will have either female or male reproductive organs.

This opportunist is the most frequent cause of life-threatening pneumonia in AIDS patients. a. Cryptococcusneoformans b. Pneumocystis jirovecii. c. Malasseziafurfur d. Candidaalbicans

b. pneumocystis jirovecii

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT: a. Multiple Fission b. Sporogony c. Multiple Fission d. Schizogony

b. sporogony

Ground itch is caused by: a. Hemoflagellates in the bloodstream which induce a hypersensitivity reaction b. The larvae of hookworms in the epidermis that may die when too large c. The release of Plasmodium sporozoites by the Anopheles mosquito at the bite site d. None of the above

b. the larvae of hookworms in the epidermis that may die when too large

Aspergillosis includes all the following, except a. a pneumonia that disseminates to the brain. b. there are no effective drugs to treat the infection. c. most cases are due to A. fumigatus. noninvasive infections of the eyelids, sinuses, conjunctiva, and ear canals. d. life-threatening infections in AIDS, leukemia, and transplant patients.

b. there are no effective drugs to treat the infection

Elephantiasis is a clinical symptom associated with: a. Loa loa b. Wuchereria bancrofti c. Onchocerca volvulus d. Strongyloides stercoralis

b. wuchereria bancrofti

While on a backpacking trip in Maine, Julie and her friends obtained their drinking water from several different pristine streams, adding one or two drops of bleach to ensure its safety. Several days later Julie began experiencing abdominal distress, specifically cramping, fatty diarrhea, and flatulence. When it didn't clear up within several days, Julie visited her doctor. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of Julie's symptoms? a. E. coli O157:H7 b. Schistosoma mansoni c. Giardia intestinalis d. Toxoplasma gondii e. Entamoeba histolytica

c. giardia intestinalis

Male schistomsomas have a ventral groove called the __________________ in which females reside for maturation. a. ventral sucker b. Gastrointestinal canal c. Gynecophoral canal d. Ventral canal

c. gynecophoral canal

Amebiasis is primarily a disease of the a. conjunctiva of the eye. b. brain and meninges. c. intestines and often the liver. d. skin. e. lung tissue.

c. intestines and often the liver

Chromoblastomycosis a. has a peak incidence in Alaska. b. is caused bydimorphic fungi. c. is caused bysaprobes with dark-pigmented mycelia and spores. d. is a seriousrespiratory tract infection. e. is a systemic infection.

c. is caused bysaprobes with dark-pigmented mycelia and spores.

Characteristics of Histoplasma capsulatum include a. it is adermatophyte. b. it is a yeast witha capsule. c. it grows in moist soil, rich in nitrogen from bird and bat guano. d. it grows in dry,arid soil.

c. it grows in moist soil, rich in nitrogen from bird and bat guano

Fasciola hepatica is a a. roundworm. b. blood fluke. c. liver fluke. d. lung fluke. e. filarial worm.

c. liver fluke

Which is incorrect about malaria? a. Gametocytes enter the mosquito as she draws a blood meal from a human. b. Trophozoites develop in RBCs. c. Merozoites enter and multiply in liver cells. d. The mosquito inoculates human blood with sporozoites. e. None of the choices are correct.

c. merozoites enter and multiply in liver cells

Which is not correct about trichinellosis? a. A cure is not available once the larvae have encysted in muscles. b. It can be transmitted by eating bear meat. c. Numerous cases occur each year in the U.S. d. It can be transmitted by eating undercooked pork. d. The first symptoms mimic influenza.

c. numerous cases occur each year in the U.S.

Chagas disease involves transmission of the pathogen by the a. Anopheles mosquito. b. hard-bodied tick. c. reduviid, "kissing," bug. d. tsetse fly. e. phlebotomine (sand) fly.

c. reduviid, "kissing" bug

The routes of entry for most fungi into the body are a. urinary and reproductive. b. digestive and respiratory. c. respiratory and cutaneous. d. blood and wounds.

c. respiratory and cutaneous

During the general life cycle of hermaphroditic flukes, the larval stage leaving the snail intermediate host is: a. The miracidium b. The sporocyst c. The cercaria d. The metacercaria

c. the cercaria

Elephantiasis includes all the following, except a. severe edema occurs in the extremities and scrotum. b. it is caused by filarial nematodes. c. the parasitic helminth is transmitted by black fly vectors. d. microfilariae are in the blood. e. larval infestation causes blockage of main lymphatic channels.

c. the parasitic helminth is transmitted by black fly vectors

What do zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores have in common? a. They are found only in molds. b. They are enclosed in a sac. c. They are sexual spores. d. They are types of conidia. e. All of these choices are correct.

c. they are sexual spores

All of the following are correct about helminths except a. they are not all parasites, although some are. b. their eggs and larvae are vulnerable to heat. c. they generally make only a few eggs per day. d. tapeworms and pinworms are two examples. e. as parasites, their reproductive organs are their most developed organs.

c. they generally make only a few eggs per day

Parasitic helminths have the following characteristics, except a. they have a definitive host where the adult form lives. b. they are multicellular animals. c. they have developmental forms that include cysts. d. they include roundworms. e. they include tapeworms.

c. they have developmental forms that include cysts

Parasitic helminths have the following characteristics, except a. they include tapeworms. b. they include roundworms. c. they have developmental forms that include cysts. d. they have a definitive host where the adult form lives. e. they are multicellular animals.

c. they have developmental forms that include cysts

Anna recently learned that she is pregnant and is visiting her doctor for her first prenatal visit. Among the many pieces of advice offered to ensure a safe pregnancy, the doctor specifically told Anna to avoid eating any rare meats, including steaks and roast beef, and to avoid changing her cat's litter box. These words of caution were primarily directed at avoiding contact with a. Taenia saginata b. E. coli O157:H7 c. Toxoplasma gondii d. Cryptosporidium

c. toxoplasma gondii

Which of the following infections are not diagnosed by finding eggs or lava in fecal specimens: a. Necator spp. b. Ascaris lumbricoides c. Trichinella spiralis d. Trichuris trichiura

c. trichinella spiralis

Which of the following parasitic organisms is considered to be a sexually transmitted disease: a. Trypanosoma cruzi b. Dientamoeba fragilis c. Trichomonas vaginalis d. Leishmania braziliensis

c. trichomonas vaginalis

All of the following are helminths except a. pinworms. b. tapeworms. c. trypanosomes. d. roundworms. e. flukes.

c. trypaanosomes

Which of the following causes Chagas' disease? a. Trypanosoma brucei gambience b. Leishmania donovani c. Trypanosoma cruzi d. Leishmania braziliensis

c. trypanosoma cruzi

During a visit to her doctor, a woman pointed out a red rash that occurred just under her breasts. The doctor collected a scraping of the affected area, suspended the scrapings in potassium hydroxide, and then examined it microscopically. Upon viewing, she detected budding yeast cells and pseudohyphae. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. Yeast infection - cryptococcosis b. Dermatophyte infection c. Yeast infection - candidiasis d. Subcutaneous mycosis

c. yeast infection - candidiasis

The first stage of the clinical course of Trypanosoma brucei is characterized by: a. Migration of the parasite along olfactory nerves leading to inflammation and infection of the brain b. Lung invasion as a result of erosion of liver abscesses c. Migration of the parasite along olfactory nerves leading to inflammation and infection of the brain d. The presence of the parasite in peripheral circulation, but not yet in the central nervous system (CNS)

d. The presence of the parasite in peripheral circulation, but not yet in the central nervous system (CNS)

River blindness is a. caused by a blood fluke. b. transmitted by mosquito vector. c. caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. d. a disease in which worms can invade the eyes. e. All of the choices are correct.

d. a disease in which worms can invade the eyes

Neglected Tropical Diseases are: a. difficult to treat and prevent b. demonstrating severe symptom c. primarily in tropical areas d. all of above

d. all of above

the following is true regarding dientoamoeba fragilis: a. no observable flagella but is classified as a flagellate b. the trophozoite has 2 nuclei connected by a division spindle filament c. moves by means of pseudopodia when seen in feces d. all of the above are true

d. all of the above are true

Ascaris lumbricoides: a. larvae penetrate into lymphatics and capillaries around intestines. b. is an intestinal roundworm. larvae migrate to the pharynx, get swallowed, and return to intestines to mature. c. spreads to humans by ingestion of Ascaris eggs in food. d. All of the choices are correct.

d. all of the choices are correct

Human asymptomatic carriers are common in a. elephantiasis. b. cryptosporidiosis and malaria. c. trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis. d. amebiasis and trichomoniasis. e. balantidiasis.

d. amebiasis and trichomoniasis

0.3 out of 0.3 points Amphotericin B, nystatin, and the imidazoles are all a. mycotoxins. b. culture mediasupplements for fungi. c. fungalenzymes. d. antifungaldrugs.

d. antifungaldrugs.

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae. It is most likely classified in the a. Zygomycota. b. Basidiomycota. c. Fungi Imperfecti. d. Ascomycota. e. Deuteromycota.

d. ascomycota

Transmission of which organism(s) can occur by ingestion of undercooked meat? a. Trichuris trichuria b. Toxoplasma gondii c. Trichinella spiralis d. Both Trichinella spiralis and Toxoplasma gondii

d. both trichinella spiralis and toxoplasma gondii

which of the following regarding the structure/morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis is true? a. Possesses a sucking disk concavity on the ventral side to assist with attachment to the mucosa. b. Often classified as a pseudocyst due to the fact that it possesses no observables flagella. c. The trophozoite has two nuclei connected by a division spindle filament. d. Can be identified by it's 4 anterior flagella and fifth flagellum that is incorporated within the undulating membrane.

d. can be identified by its 4 anterior flagella and fifth flagellum that is incorporated within the undulating membrane

Strongyloides stercoralis: a. rarely causes chronic infection. b. is ingested with food and does not migrate out of the intestine. c. is a tapeworm. d. can cause a fatal disseminated disease in immunosuppressed patients. e. All of the choices are correct.

d. can causes a fatal disseminated disease in immunosuppressed patients

A 42-year-old male construction worker in southern Arizona developed a cold-like illness, experiencing a chronic cough, chest pain, headaches, and general fatigue. When the symptoms did not abate after several weeks, he visited his physician who ordered microscopic examination and culture of his sputum specimen. Direct microscopic exam demonstrated the presence of large spherule structures full of endsospores. The specimen was cultured at both 25 oC and 37 oC. The plate incubated at 25 oC grew tan colonies with a fluffy white center. Examination of these colonies microscopically showed branching septate hyphae. As the culture matured, the hyphae fragmented into arthrospores. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. Sporotrichosis b. Candidiasis c. Blastomycosis d. Coccidioidomycosis e. Histoplasmosis

d. coccidiodomycosis

Cryptococcus neoformans has the following characteristics, except a. it can be found in high numbers in soil containing pigeon droppings. b. it is an encapsulated yeast. c. it usually enters body by inhalation. d. it is commonly found in the human mouth, intestines, and genitalia. e. it primarily infects patients with AIDS, cancer, and diabetes.

d. it is commonly found in the human mouth, intestines, and genitalia

The free-living amoeba associated with meningitis is: a. Entamoeba coli b. Dientamoeba fragilis c. Entamoeba histolytica d. Naegleria fowleri

d. naegleria fowleri

Your patient is experiencing abdominal discomfort approximately 4 weeks after returning from a vacation to the sub-tropics. You obtain a specimen to be examined in the laboratory and discover what appears to be a protozoan parasite with ingested red blood cells within the cytoplasm. It is likely that your patient has been infected by: a. The aggressive hemoflagellate, Plasmodium falciparum which will ingests old and immature red blood cells. b. A hookworm, which will puncture small capillaries and feed on blood. c. Cysts of Entoamoeba histolytica which voraciously feed on red blood cells. d. None of the above are correct.

d. none of the above are correct

Concomitant infection refers to______ a. chronic infection involve more than one organs b. infection with latent satge c. infection treated with more than one antibiotics d. one individual infected with more than one pathogens during the same time period

d. one individual infected with more than one pathogens during the same time period

an animal that harbors a parasite that can also infect humans is referred to as: a. definitive host b. transport host c. intermediate host d. reservoir host

d. reservoir host

The adult forms of ____________ and ____________ can be found paired in blood vessels in liver sinuses a. Schistosoma haematobium is the only blood fluke found in the liver b. Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium c. Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma japonicum d. Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum

d. schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma japonicum

All of the following pertain to coccidioidomycosis , except a. it is also called valley fever. b. it is transmittedby inhalation of arthrospores. c. fungomas occur in the lungs of those infected. d. the pathogen growsbest in soil with bird and bat guano. e. it often hassymptoms of fever, chest pain, cough, headache, malaise.

d. the pathogen growsbest in soil with bird and bat guano.

African sleeping sickness is caused by a. Plasmodium falciparum. b. Isospora belli. c. Leishmania brasiliensis. d. Trypanosoma brucei. e. Trypanosoma cruzi.

d. trypanosoma brucei

Mycetoma is a. caused bydermatophytes. b. only seen in theMidwest. c. All of these choices are correct. d. also calledathlete's foot. e. a subcutaneous infection that looks like a tumor.

e. a subcutaneous infection that looks like a tumor