PATHO Check Your Understanding Week 6
Which symptom suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia?
Heartburn
A patient with chronic gastritis would likely be tested for
Helicobacter pylori.
What form of viral hepatitis is likely to be transmitted sexually?
Hepatitis B
What effect would adrenocortical insufficiency have on an individual's response to surgical stress?
More prone to hypotension
The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is
adhesions
Liver transaminase elevations in which aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is markedly greater than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristic of
alcohol-induced injury.
More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with
alcoholism
Aldosterone secretion is regulated by the presence of ________ in the circulation.
angiotensin II
Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of
appendicitis
Hepatitis with the presence of autoantibodies and positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is
autoimmune hepatitis.
A patient who should be routinely evaluated for peptic ulcer disease is one who is
being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids.
Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with
bloody diarrhea.
Diabetic neuropathy is thought to result from
decreased myoinositol transport.
An increase in ADH secretion occurs in response to
dehydration
Chronic pancreatitis may lead to
diabetes mellitus.
Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected
enterocolitis
Steatohepatitis is caused by an accumulation of ________ in the liver cells.
fat
A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates
functional bowel obstruction.
Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of
gastric ulcer.
A patient with a history of alcoholism presents with hematemesis and profound anemia. The expected diagnosis is
gastroesophageal varices.
A patient with pancreatitis may experience muscle cramps secondary to
hypocalcemia
A clinical finding that is consistent with a diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency is
hypoglycemia
Myxedema coma is a severe condition associated with
hypothyroidism
Constipation in an elderly patient can be best treated by
increasing fiber in the diet.
The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis
indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock.
Propylthiouracil may be used to treat hyperthyroidism, because it
inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis.
It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormones
is inhibited by iodine deficiency.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often associated with
nonketotic hyperosmolality.
A patient admitted with bleeding related to esophageal varices could be expected to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of
octreotide acetate
Esophageal varices represent a complication of ________ hypertension.
portal
Barrett esophagus is a
preneoplastic lesion.
Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism
result from decreased serum ionized calcium.
Diabetes insipidus is a condition that
results from inadequate ADH secretion.
Diabetes mellitus is the ________ leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in the United States.
seventh
Narcotic administration should be administered carefully in patients with acute pancreatitis related to potential for
sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
A patient receiving chemotherapy may be at greater risk for development of
stomatitis
It is true that biliary cancer
tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously.
Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include
tremor
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases
water reabsorption in the collecting tubule of the kidney.
What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia?
Chest pain during meals
