Patho Exam #3
By definition, hypertension is systolic blood pressure of _______ mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of ______ mm Hg or higher.
140;90
Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for orthostatic hypotension?
A 66 year old post-surgery patient on bed rest
Which of the following types of aortic aneurysms is the most common?
Abdominal aortic
Which of the following is a nonmodifiable risk factor for the development of primary hypertension?
African American race
Which of the following patients should most likely be assessed for orthostatic hypotension?
An elderly patient who has experienced two falls since admission while attempting to ambulate to the bathroom.
A client's echocardiogram identified a narrowed valve that has resulted in a decreased blood flow between the left atria and left ventricle. The nurse would interpret this as the:
Bicuspid valve
The efficiency of the heart as a pump often is measured in the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute. Which is the correct formula to figure out the cardiac output?
CO=SV x HR
The heart controls the direction of blood flow. What is the role of the aortic valve?
Controls the direction of blood flow from the left side of the heart to the systemic circulation
In the days following a tooth cleaning and root canal, a client has developed an infection of the thin, three-layered membrane that lines the heart and covers the valves. What is this client's most likely diagnosis?
Endocarditis
The nurse is teaching a class on reduction of cardiovascular disease. Which of the following demonstrates an intervention that is cognizant of the modifiable risk factors for hyperlipidemia?
Going for a brisk walk with a friend and talking to him about continuing to exercise regularly.
A patient has developed atherosclerosis. The nurse knows that a major cause for this disorder is which of the following?
Hypertension
Which of the following is true regarding pulmonary circulation?
It is a low-pressure system that allows for improved gas exchange.
The heart is a four-chambered pump. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation?
Left ventricle
A patient's blood pressure is persistently in the range of 130-135 mm Hg systolic and 85-88 mm Hg diastolic. The nurse knows that which of the following conditions correctly describes this patient's blood pressure?
Prehypertension
The heart is a four-chambered pump. What is the function of the right ventricle?
Pumps blood to the lungs
Which of the following is called the pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial Node (SA)
Which of the following is the correct sequence for blood flow through the heart?
Right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - mitral valve - left ventricle - aorta
Venous thrombosis most commonly occurs in the lower extremities. Risk factors for venous thrombosis include which of the following?
Stasis of blood, hypercoagulability, vessel wall injury
The nurse knows that the primary long term regulation of blood pressure is exerted by which of the following?
The kidneys
The cardiac cycle describes the pumping action of the heart. Which statement is correct about systole?
Ventricles contract and blood is ejected from the heart.
