Patho Test 4 Endocrine Disorders
A female patient appears at the clinic complaining that she "looks different." She states that her face is more rounded than normal, she has abnormal hair growth, and she feels like she gained fat around her back. What condition does the clinician suspect?
Cushing's Syndrome
The nurse is caring for a client with suspected Cushing's syndrome. Which of the assessment findings would not support this diagnosis?
Weight Loss
A dexamethasone suppression test is performed on a patient. The diagnosis is Cushing's syndrome. What was the result of the dexamethasone test?
Cortisol remained elevated
When administering prednisone (glucocorticoids) to a client, which adverse effects would a nurse assess food? Select all that apply.
Impaired wound healing, immunosuppression, GI bleeding
A nurse is assessing a client with poorly controlled diabetes. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Increased Urination, as poorly controlled is associated with high sugar
Which best describes GLP-1 Glucagon-like-polypeptide 1?
Increases insulin release after a mea
A patient has a hyperfunctioning adrenal cortex tumor. Which of the following will the nurse expect to observe?
Suppressed Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels
A nurse is caring for a child who has untreated Addison's DIsease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Teach about the corticosteroid replacement therapy
The nurse is caring for a client with HHS. Which type of diabetes does the client most likely have?
Type 2 DIabetes, as the major acute complication is HHS
A client with diabetes has a HbA1c of 6.0%. Which response by the patient best explains this lab result?
"I've been taking my insulin as I'm supposed to, as well as exercising."
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client in DKA with a BS of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of these prescriptions?
0.9 Sodium chloride IV bolus, given due to the fact the patient is dehydrated and sodium depletion, kidneys have been excreting glucose and water
The nurse is caring for a client who has had diabetes since childhood, related to cell insulin resistance and pancreatic exhaustion. Which type is this?
Type 2 diabetes due to cell resistance to insulin and pancreatic exhaustion
A nurse is assessing a patient for skin changes that can occur with diabetes mellitus (DM). Which of the following will the nurse note that is likely associated with diabetes mellitus?
Acanthosis Nigricans
A client is fasting. The nurse understands that this client can get needed glucose without breaking down fats or proteins for how long?
24 hours
Which of the following conditions may present with low cortisol and elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) serum values?
Addison's Disease
A client in the hospital has a blood glucose level of 50 mg/dL and complains of shakiness. Which should the nurse prepare to administer?
4oz orange juice
Which of the following HbA1c values indicates that a client is appropriately controlling his blood glucose levels?
6.3%
A patient has very low cortisol levels. Which of the following tests may be appropriate?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test
A client with diabetes asks how to manage his condition when he drinks alcohol. What info does the RN provide? Select all that apply.
Alcohol can lead to hypoglycemia, alcohol can cause judgment issues and mismanagement of conditions, can also be mixed with high carb juices or sugars
A client has diabetes and the nurse plans to administer his regular insulin SQ before he eats breakfast @ 0800. When should the nurse give this med?
At 0730, as insulin onset is 30-60 mins
Which of the following is the number one cause of adrenal insufficiency?
Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland
Hypothalamus
Boss of the endocrine processes, releases certain factors to cause a chain reaction in the endocrine hormones within the blood
A patient's parathyroid glands were damaged. What signs and symptoms does the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Chvostek's Sign, Trousseau's Sign, low serum calcium, muscle cramps, and tetany
The nurse is to assess a patient with Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following will the nurse not expect to see?
Decreased BP
Which of the following results best indicates to the nurse that the client meets the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes?
Fasting Blood glucose 155 mg/dL
The nurse is reviewing today's lab results for four clients. Which client most likely has diabetes?
Fasting blood glucose of 140 and A1c of 7%
Endocrine gland(s)
Glands that receive the tropic hormone signal and release hormones that act on target cells to give the body a certain effect
A patient is requiring a rapid-acting insulin, with peak activity at 1 hour. Which of the following should be considered?
Humalog
Which of the following in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) may alert the nurse to diabetic nephropathy?
Micoalbuminuria
A patient had to have surgery to remove a parathyroid gland tumor. What location of the body should the nurse help prepare for surgery?
Neck
A patient has a hyperfunctioning tumor of the parathyroid gland. Which of the following conditions may the patient be most at risk for?
Osteoporosis
A 24-hour urine collection reveals very elevated catecholamine levels. What may account for these results?
Pheochromocytoma
Laboratory values for a patient reveal elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and elevated serum calcium levels. What condition is most likely?
Primary hyperparathyroidism
A post-op patient's diabetes has been controlled on acarbose. The patient is NPO. What medication should the nurse anticipate giving IV?
Regular Insulin
What is the hormone released by the hypothalamus
Releasing Hormone, acts on the pituitary receptors
A client with type 1 diabetes reports recurrent hypoglycemia late in the morning. What finding would the nurse suspect is causing this hypoglycemia?
The patient jogs 2 miles in the morning before he goes to work
A patient has a parathyroid gland disorder. Which supplement may be needed?
calcium
Pituitary Gland
controlled by the hypothalamus, secretes tropic hormones to activate other endocrine glands into releasing/ceasing the release of hormones into the blood
A patient with Addison's disease is at increased risk for an adrenal crisis. Which of the following does the nurse need to be aware of the patient developing? Select all that apply.
hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
