Pearson mod 38, week 1

A patient is being admitted for dehydration. The patient can understand English but has difficulty speaking the language. Which strategy should the nurse implement in this situation? -Use proper medical terminology to communicate because of the patient's education. -Know how individuals in the patient's culture greet one another. -Use gestures commonly used in the United States. -Google the patient's heritage.

Know how individuals in the patient's culture greet one another. The nurse should know how individuals in the patient's culture greet one another. This may include the use of a handshake, embraces, or kissing the cheeks. In some cultures, physical contact is prohibited. Finding out information about other cultures using Google may be useful for the nurse's knowledge. Using proper medical terminology may be appropriate depending on how much the patient understands, but it is most likely not appropriate for this scenario. Using gestures commonly used in the United States may not be appropriate, because what may be acceptable in the United States may not be acceptable in other countries or cultures.

The nurse is preparing to explain the insertion of an intravenous catheter into the arm of a patient who has never been hospitalized. Which explanation by the nurse is the most appropriate for this procedure? -"An angiocath is inserted in a vein, and fluids are administered." -"A small tube is put in a blood vessel, and liquid is dripped into your body." -"A needle is inserted in a vein so that this bag of fluid is pushed into your body." -"An intracath is placed in a vein, and the IV is set to administer 100 mL per hour."

"A small tube is put in a blood vessel, and liquid is dripped into your body." When communicating with a patient regarding a procedure, the nurse should avoid the use of slang, buzz words, or medical jargon to prevent any potential misunderstanding. The best way to explain a procedure is through use of the simplest words with few syllables and by avoiding any medical jargon. The phrases with "angiocath" and "intracath" use medical jargon. The nurse must avoid using words that might frighten the patient who has never been hospitalized.

The nurse recommends short, simple communication for older adult patients with cognitive impairment to colleagues. Which statement by a colleague requires correction? -"Please lift your arm up." -"Is she your daughter?" -"Please sign your name here?" -"Do you remember what Dr. Jones told you?"

"Do you remember what Dr. Jones told you?" -Patients with cognitive disorder often have memory problems. Asking the patient, "Do you remember what Dr. Jones told you?" is not appropriate in this scenario, because the patient most likely will not remember what has been said. "Please lift your arm up", "Please sign your name here?" and "Is she your daughter?" are simple questions that patients with cognitive problems may be able to perform and answer.

The nurse manager assigns a staff nurse to attend a program on communication skills after hearing a conversation that the staff nurse had with a patient. Which statement prompted the nurse manager to send the staff nurse to a program on communication skills? -"How are you feeling today, Mr. Smith?" -"Please step on the scale." -"Can I borrow your chair for about an hour?" -"You are going to be okay."

"You are going to be okay." Unwarranted or false reassurances and comforting statements of advice, such as "You are going to be okay," are barriers to communication. Using the patient's full name indicates respect, which is not a barrier to communication. Providing single-step directions is an appropriate communication strategy. Asking the patient if the chair can be borrowed respects the patient's territory and is appropriate communication.

A patient asks, "Why is my blood sugar so high?" The nurse replies, "Well, it's your fault. I see that you have been eating those cinnamon buns your daughter brought you." Which type of communicator is the nurse presenting as? -Aggressive communicator -Assertive communicator -Active communicator -Passive communicator

Aggressive communicator The nurse is presenting as an aggressive communicator by personally attacking the patient. Passive communicators are those who focus on the needs of others. They often deny themselves any sort of power. Assertive communicators are those who declare and affirm their opinions. They respect the rights of others to communicate in the same fashion. Active communicator is not a type of communicator.

The manager schedules an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to attend a basic communication program after observing the UAP provide patient care. Which action by the UAP most likely resulted in this type of referral? -Referring to a 75-year-old male patient as "Mr. Dan" -Asking a 65-year-old patient, "Are we ready to get out of bed?" -Talking with a newly admitted patient about his grandchildren -Referring to a 70-year-old patient's abdominal wound as "your incision"

Asking a 65-year-old patient, "Are we ready to get out of bed?" Elderspeak is a demeaning way of speaking with an older adult patient. Use of inappropriate terms of endearment, such as sweetie; inappropriate use of the first-person plural "we" when referring to getting out of bed; and using baby talk by referring to a wound as a boo-boo are all examples of elderspeak. Using a formal title such as Mr. and following it with the patient's first name is appropriate if the patient has asked to be addressed in this manner. Discussing grandchildren with the patient does not demonstrate elderspeak. Correctly referring to the patient's wound as an incision (and not "a boo-boo," for example) shows respect for the patient's intelligence.

The nurse prepares to assess an older adult patient who has a hearing deficit. Which action by the nurse indicates the need for training in effective communication? -Facing the patient when speaking -Closing the door to the room -Asking the family to wait in the hall -Turning down the volume on the television set

Asking the family to wait in the hall The family does not necessarily need to wait in the hall until the assessment is complete. Closing the door and turning down the volume of the television both help minimize distractions while conversing with the patient. Facing the patient may assist in communication, especially if the patient lip reads.

When communicating discharge instructions to a​ client, the nurse states exactly what needs to be done using the fewest number of words. Which characteristic of verbal communication is the nurse​ using? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Simplicity B. Pace C. Clarity D. Brevity E. Intonation

Clarity & Brevity ​ Rationale: Clarity is saying exactly what is meant. Brevity is using the fewest number of words to convey the message. Simplicity is using words that are not associated with medical jargon. The​ pace, rhythm, or intonation of speech affects the meaning and impact of the message.

The nurse is conducting a home visit for a patient who indicates feeling depressed due to not progressing as fast as expected after surgery. The nurse states, "Everyone heals differently. What do you think is hindering your progression?" Which factor supports the nurse-patient relationship by being direct and showing concern to the patient's issue? -Credibility and adaptability -Clarity and brevity -Simplicity and relevance -Timing and relevance

Clarity and brevity Using clarity and brevity results in a message that is simple, clear, and the most effective. Clarity is saying precisely what is meant, and brevity is using the fewest words necessary. This type of verbal communication promotes the nurse-patient relationship. Timing is communication that is delivered at the correct and appropriate time to ensure that the words are heard and understood. Relevance is that the message relates to the person who is the receiver or to the person's interests. Credibility is the quality of being truthful, trustworthy, and reliable. Adaptability is the altering of the spoken messages in response to behavioral cues from the patient. Simplicity of speech refers to the use of commonly understood words, brevity, and completeness.

An older adult patient with a hearing deficit is admitted to the unit by the nurse. Which nursing action should the nurse follow to support the patient's communication needs during the assessment process? -Ask whether a family member is available to complete the assessment. -Shout into the patient's good ear when talking. -Close the door to the room when conducting the assessment. -Sit beside the patient during the assessment.

Close the door to the room when conducting the assessment. Communication is enhanced when the environment is quiet with limited distractions and the patient has sufficient privacy to feel comfortable sharing information. These can be accomplished by closing the door to the room. A family member is not a substitute for establishing an effective means of communicating with the patient. Sitting beside the patient may not facilitate communication with a patient with a hearing deficit because the patient might need to lip read. The nurse should not shout when communicating with any patient.

The nurse observes a patient's gait and posture as the patient walks toward the treatment room. Which assessment related to nonverbal communication can the nurse make when observing a patient's posture and gait? -Evaluation of the patient's self-concept, mood, and health status -Determination of the patient's use of cultural cues -Determination of the patient's social and financial status - Learning the patient's real reaction to a health problem or situation

Evaluation of the patient's self-concept, mood, and health status When considering nonverbal communication, the nurse can assess the patient's posture and gait to evaluate the patient's self-concept, mood, and health status. The way patients walk and carry themselves can indicate self-concept, mood, and health status. Culture and social and financial status may be assessed, in part, through personal appearance. Facial expressions often signal an individual's real reaction to a health problem or situation. Facial expressions, such as eye contact, and gestures may provide cues to a patient's cultural practices or beliefs.

A 10-year-old patient is waiting for the nurse to complete a health history. After entering the room, which place would be most appropriate for the nurse to sit in to conduct the history with the patient? -Against the wall near the door -About 4-12 feet from the patient -From 1½-4 feet from the patient -One foot away from the patient

From 1½-4 feet from the patient Communication is influenced by personal space, which is 1½-4 feet, and much of the communication between nurses and patients takes place at a personal distance. Social distance is 4-12 feet, which is too far for most communication between nurses and patients. One foot away is within intimate distance. Intimate distance is used by nurses when treating patients, but not for taking a health history. Against the wall near the door would be described as public distance, which would not be useful for taking a health history.

An older adult patient who is postoperative will be discharged in 1 day. The patient expresses concern to the nurse regarding the things that need to be done. The nurse tells the patient, "To better attain your goals and functioning, being discharged to home is better for you." Which barrier to communication is being used here? -Stereotyping -Giving common advice -Probing -Unwarranted reassurance

Giving common advice The nurse is giving common advice to the patient, which does not clearly communicate things that the patient may or may not do, considering the patient's home situation. The statement, "To better attain your goals and functioning and ROM, being discharged to home is better for you," is also not appropriate because the patient would not really know the goals, because they differ from patient to patient. The patient may not understand the word "ROM" and would not know how it relates to rehabilitation. Probing is asking patient questions just to find out information out of curiosity. Unwarranted reassurance is using comforting statements or clichés as advice that may not be appropriate. Stereotyping is a barrier to communication that offers generalized and oversimplified beliefs and attitudes and is not appropriate for this scenario.

As the newly hired nurse completed a procedure, a colleague stated, "You forgot to put away the canula!" The newly hired nurse was very apologetic and offered to do other tasks to compensate for the forgetfulness. The newly hired nurse is presenting as which type of communicator? -Active communicator -Aggressive communicator -Assertive communicator -Passive communicator

Passive communicator The new nurse is presenting as a passive communicator. To maintain self-esteem, the nurse is avoiding conflict and denying self any sort of power. Aggressive communicators are those who tend to focus on their own needs and become impatient when these needs are not met. Active communicator is not a type of communicator. Assertive communicators are those who declare and affirm their opinions; they respect the rights of others to communicate in the same fashion.

The nurse is conducting an assessment on a newly admitted patient. The nurse explains the procedures that will be done during the assessment. Which type of distance is the nurse interacting at with the patient? -Intimate distance -Personal distance -Social distance -Public distance

Personal distance Most communication between nurses and patients, especially during an assessment when a procedure that will be followed is discussed, is at personal distance. Intimate distance occurs with body contact. Public distance is exemplified by a presentation to a large audience. Social distance occurs with a visual encounter.

The nurse notices that a well-dressed and groomed patient has a flattened affect and is sitting in a slouched position with arms folded. Of which nonverbal communication cue should the nurse take notice? -Posture -Eye contact -Gestures -Personal appearance

Posture The way patients carry themselves or their posture is often a reliable indicator of self-concept, current mood, and health. The other options are also elements of nonverbal communication but not the best options for this scenario. Personal appearance that includes clothing and accessories can be sources of information about an individual. Although choice of apparel is highly personal, it may convey social and financial status, culture, religion, group association, and self-concept. Eye contact is another essential element of facial communication. Gestures may emphasize and clarify the spoken word, or they may occur without words to indicate a particular feeling or to give a sign.

A hearing-impaired patient presents with an eye infection. The nurse is tasked to instruct the patient for home treatments. Which is the most effective method of communication that the nurse should use to communicate with this patient? -Be clear. -Provide written instructions with illustrations. -Use simple language and terminology. -Use gestures.

Provide written instructions with illustrations. For patients with hearing impairment, written communication can provide additional clarity for the instructions or what is being communicated. Illustrations may be added and helpful. Being clear and using simple language and terminology are not the best options for instructing hearing-impaired patients, because these are spoken words for listening. Using gestures may be appropriate for demonstration and if the nurse knows proper sign language.

A patient states, "I've been having stomach pain, nausea, headache, and diarrhea for the past 3 days." The nurse intently nods while writing the patient's symptoms. Which part of the communication process is the nurse demonstrating? -Receiver -Response -Message -Sender

Response The nurse intently nodding while writing the patient's complaints implies that the nurse is responding. Response, also called feedback, is the fourth part of the communication process, where the receiver returns to sender. It can be verbal or nonverbal or both. The other options are parts of the communication process that lead to the response. The sender is an individual or group who wishes to convey a message to another. The receiver is the listener, who must listen and observe. The message is the words actually spoken or written, the body language that accompanies the words, and how the words are transmitted.

A client comes to the clinic to pick up a report from the nurse. Which distance should the nurse use when communicating with a client sitting in a waiting​ room? A. Personal B. Intimate C. Social D. Public

Social ​Rationale: Social distance is 4dash-12 feet. At this​ distance, the entire person can be seen. Eye contact is​ increased, and verbal communication is loud enough for others to hear. This is the distance the nurse uses when communicating with a client sitting in a waiting​ room, such as the client who has come to pick up a report. Intimate distance is touching to​ 1½ feet. This distance is used when providing care that involves touching the client. Personal distance is 1 and one half1 1 2dash-4 feet. This distance is used to provide medications or administer an intravenous infusion. Public distance is 12dash-15 feet. Nurses rarely communicate across this​ distance, which is typical in a crowded hallway or community setting.

Which technique should the nurse use to effectively communicate with an older adult patient? -Have family members leave the room. -Use illustrations. -Speak in simple, short sentences, one subject at a time. -Have the patient write down questions

Speak in simple, short sentences, one subject at a time. Older adult patients may have physical or cognitive problems. To communicate effectively with older patients, the nurse should keep environmental distractions to a minimum. The nurse should seek to speak in short, simple sentences, one subject at a time, and reinforce or repeat what is said when necessary. Using illustrations and having the patient write down questions may or may not be appropriate depending on the circumstances. It is usually appropriate to have family around, especially if the patient has cognitive problems.

The nurse has been determining a method of communicating with a patient who is recovering from a stroke. Which patient observation indicates that an effective communication method has been established by the nurse? -Holding a pen to write on paper -Groaning to get the nurse's attention -Spelling words on a bedside table using tiled letters -Slapping the nurse's hand to refuse an action

Spelling words on a bedside table using tiled letters The patient using letters to spell words on a bedside table demonstrates that an effective communication method has been established. Groaning and slapping hands are not effective communication methods. Trying to use a paper and pen to write might be premature for this patient and does not indicate that an effective communication method has been established.

A 10-year-old came in for a visit for allergy testing, accompanied by his mother. Which action is appropriate by the nurse? -Proceed to the testing. -Tell the patient to lay on their stomach. -Explain the procedure to the mother. -Talk to the child at their eye level.

Talk to the child at their eye level. When interacting with school-age children, it is important to give them opportunities to be expressive and to listen openly and respond honestly, using words and concepts they understand. Talk to children at their eye level to help decrease any feelings of intimidation. Although it is appropriate to explain the procedure to the mother, the focus should be on the patient at the patient's understanding level. Proceeding to the testing and telling the patient to lay on the stomach without explanation is not appropriate.

The nurse came into a patient's room and took a chair by the patient's bedside for use by another patient's family member. The chair was never returned. Which communication issue was violated by the nurse? -Attitudes -Territoriality -Environment -Congruence

Territoriality Territoriality is the concept of space and things that an individual considers as belonging to self and is the best description for this scenario. The other options are other factors influencing the communication process. Patients more readily trust the nurse when they perceive the nurse's communication as congruent. Congruence also helps prevent miscommunication. Environment is the concept where individuals usually communicate most effectively in a comfortable environment. Attitudes convey beliefs, thoughts, and feelings about people and events.

Which is an appropriate goal for a patient with the nursing diagnosis Communication: Verbal, Impaired? -The patient will state ways to reduce communication deficits. -The patient will review discharge instructions at home. -The patient will effectively communicate needs. -The patient will call for help before getting out of bed.

The patient will effectively communicate needs. An appropriate goal for a patient with Communication: Verbal, Impaired would be effectively communicating. There might not be ways for the patient to reduce communication deficits. Calling for help before getting out of bed would be a goal to ensure patient safety, but it does not address impaired communication. Reviewing discharge instructions at home might ensure adherence to the treatment plan, but it does not necessarily address impaired communication. (NANDA-I © 2014)

During a health history interview, the patient denies having any health problems but then crosses their arms and looks away. Which behavior is indicated by this patient? -The patient's verbal communication and nonverbal communication are not congruent. -The patient is bored with the nurse asking too many questions. -The nurse is rushing the patient to complete the health history -The nurse is taking too long, and the patient is uncomfortable sitting in a chair.

The patient's verbal communication and nonverbal communication are not congruent. A patient who denies having any problems while crossing the arms and looking the other way is sending incongruent messages. There is no way to confirm that the patient is bored, that the nurse is rushing the patient, or that the nurse is taking too long. Crossing the arms and looking away does not usually indicate an uncomfortable body position.

Which communication technique should the nurse evaluate when caring for clients from different​ cultures? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Use of gestures B. Use of eye contact C. Use of facial expressions D. Use of elderspeak E. Use of touch

Use of gestures Use of eye contact Use of facial expressions Use of touch ​Rationale: Nonverbal communication characteristics such as body​ language, eye​ contact, and touch are influenced by cultural beliefs about appropriate communication behavior. Consider using the following strategies when caring for clients from different​ cultures: (1) Be aware of what a smile or other facial expressions mean in the​ client's culture,​ (2) remember that not all gestures have a universal​ meaning, and​ (3) be aware of what eye contact means. Many cultures have specific rules or practices regarding the use of​ touch, especially between individuals of different genders. Elderspeak is not a good strategy to use in any culture because it implies that the client is dependent and incompetent. The nurse who is culturally competent will be appreciated by the client.

The nurse at the clinic greeted a visiting client​ happily, but the client did not respond. As they got to the treatment​ room, the nurse noticed that the client seemed upset and sad. The nurse changed the tone and emphatically asked the client the reason for the visit. Which type of verbal communication is the nurse using in this​ scenario? A. Adaptability B. Relevance C. Simplicity D. Brevity

​Adaptability Rationale: Adaptability is when a nurse adjusts and alters spoken messages in response to the behavioral cues from the client. Nurses carefully consider and individualize what they say and how they say it. This requires both astute assessment and sensitivity. Simplicity of speech refers to the use of commonly understood words to relay the message. Brevity is using the fewest words necessary to relay a message that is simple and clear. Relevance means that the message relates to the person who is the receiver or to the​ person's interests.

The nurse at a local clinic is determining the best way to communicate abnormal test results to a client who has requested that all communication be sent by email. Which option should the nurse select in this​ situation? A. Send the test results by regular mail. B. Ask the healthcare provider to email the test results to the client. C. Email the test results directly to the client. D. Email the client with a request to call the office.

​Email the client with a request to call the office. Rationale: Email should not be used to communicate abnormal laboratory data or highly sensitive information about which the client may have questions. The best option in this situation is to email the client with a request to call the office. Sending the test results by regular mail may result in unnecessary delays and would not be following the​ client's request to use email.

The nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pains. The nurse noticed that the client is very anxious and worried. The nurse tells the client​ "not to​ worry" and that​ "it is going to be​ okay." Which barrier to communication is the nurse​ using? A. Changing topics and subjects B. Giving common advice C. Agreeing and disagreeing D. Giving unwarranted reassurance

​Giving unwarranted reassurance Rationale: Giving unwarranted​ reassurances, which are comforting statements of​ advice, as a means to assure the client should be avoided. Nurses need to be cognizant of these barriers and avoid them. Nurses also need to recognize the barriers when they occur and change to more effective means of communication. Giving common advice is telling the client what to do. These responses deny the​ client's right to be an equal partner. Agreeing and disagreeing deters clients from thinking through their position and may cause a client to become defensive. Changing topics and subjects implies that what the nurse considers important will be discussed and that clients should not discuss certain topics.

Toward the end of the​ shift, the nurse is communicating a​ client's status to the nurse who will be taking over. Which client outcome is enhanced by the use of handoff​ communication? A. Therapeutic communication B. Nursedash-client relationship C. Continuity of care D. Communication by nurses in all aspects of healthcare

​Rationale: Reporting through handoff communication is the process of​ nurse-to-nurse communication that ensures continuity of care for the client from one shift to another. The nursedash-client relationship is the outcome of therapeutic communication. Although communication is used by nurses in all aspects of​ healthcare, this option is too​ general, and it has no relationship with the scenario.

The client is a business professional who is used to giving orders and making important decisions. The client tends to argue and challenge the nurses. Which technique is appropriate for the nurse use to present assertive​ communication? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Negative assertion B. Submission C. Avoidance D. Fogging E. Name calling

​Rationale: Strategies associated with assertive communication include​ fogging, which involves finding a point of agreement from which to​ start, and negative​ assertion, which is agreeing with criticism without becoming upset. Avoidance and submission are characteristics of passive communication. Name calling is characteristic of aggressive communication.

The nurse is caring for an adolescent client who is alert but unable to speak due to being intubated and on a respirator. Which communication strategy is the most developmentally appropriate for the nurse to​ use? A. Text messages B. Flash cards C. Hand signals D. Grease pencil and whiteboard

​Rationale: Text​ messaging, popular among​ adolescents, would be the best communication method for this client. Flash​ cards, hand​ signals, and grease pencil with a whiteboard might work as a method of communication to some​ extent; however, these may or may not support the​ client's physical and developmental needs. With text​ messaging, the client will be able to communicate needs to the healthcare staff as well as communicate with friends and family.

An unlicensed assistive personnel​ (UAP) is overheard telling a​ client, "I​ don't have all day. Let me put those shoes on​ you." Which type of communication style is the UAP​ demonstrating? A. ​Passive-aggressive B. Aggressive C. Assertive D. Passive

​Rationale: The UAP is impatient and is displaying aggressive communication. Passive communication involves a nurse being focused on the​ needs, demands, and requests of the client without regard for the​ nurse's own feelings and needs. Assertive communication conveys concern for the needs of others.​ Passive-aggressive communication combines the attributes of focusing on the needs of others and then lashing out and being impatient when personal needs are not met.

The nurse is planning to assess a​ client's communication approach. Which client characteristic should the nurse consider when conducting this​ assessment? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Culture B. Primary health problem C. Developmental level D. Employment status E. Age

​Rationale: The nurse needs to consider the​ client's age, developmental​ level, and culture when determining the​ client's communication approach. Employment status may or may not affect the​ client's approach to communication. The​ client's primary health problem may or may not influence the​ client's approach to communication.

Which type of communication should the nurse use to promote a helping nursedash-client ​relationship? A. Therapeutic communication B. Handoff communication C. Documentation D. Group communication

​Rationale: Therapeutic communication is an essential tool for developing a helping nursedash-client relationship. Therapeutic communication can be used to gather assessment​ data, teach, collaborate with other healthcare​ professionals, advocate for​ clients, express​ caring, and provide comfort. Other types of communication that are helpful in the nursing process but do not necessarily help the nursedash-client relationship and are not the best option for this scenario are as​ follows: (1) Documentation is the primary form of written communication used by nurses in all aspects of​ healthcare, (2) group communication is used in the process of making decisions in the current healthcare​ system, and​ (3) handoff communication is the continuity of care for the client from one shift change or visit to another.

Which action is appropriate when the nurse is communicating with a client whose primary language is not​ English? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Use an interpreter. B. Avoid using medical jargon. C. Avoid using slang. D. Speak slowly. E. Emphasize words with gestures.

​Rationale: When communicating with a client whose primary language is not​ English, the nurse should avoid the use of slang and medical jargon. The nurse should pace the conversation so that the client can​ follow, but not speak too slowly because the​ client's attention may be lost. Gestures should be used cautiously because they can have different meanings in different cultures. Consider using an​ interpreter, such as a bilingual staff member.

Which behavior by the nurse indicates that the nurse is an aggressive​ communicator? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Stating that a nursing assistant is​ "worthless" B. Denying feelings of anger C. Telling a staff member to move out of the way D. Expressing feelings using​ "I" language E. Blaming others for errors

​Stating that a nursing assistant is​ "worthless" Telling a staff member to move out of the way Blaming others for errors Rationale: Aggressive individuals tend to focus on their own needs and become impatient when needs are not met. Examples of this type of communication are​ screaming, sarcasm,​ rudeness, belittling​ jokes, and direct personal insults. The word​ "you" is frequently used in aggressive communication. Passive communicators tend to deny their feelings and put others first. This style is used to avoid conflict. Expressing feelings or asking for help using the word​ "I" is an example of assertive communication.

The nurse is preparing to teach a client who speaks limited English. Which should the nurse do to convey the information to the​ client? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Use appropriate​ layman's terminology. B. Show a video. C. Have the client search the internet. D. Use an interpreter. E. Use written illustrations.

​Use appropriate​ layman's terminology. Use an interpreter. Use written illustrations. Rationale: When communicating with a client who does not understand​ English, the nurse may use written illustrations. Simple​ layman's terminology and an interpreter may also be helpful in conveying the correct information to the client. Although videos and the internet may be good sources of additional​ information, these are not the best option for this scenario.​ Furthermore, videos and internet resources are mostly presented in English and will not benefit this client.

An older adult client is very friendly and likes to talk to the staff. Which action should the nurse take to avoid using​ elderspeak? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Use the word​ "you" when asking questions. B. Speak slowly and loudly. C. Use communication aids. D. Avoid using baby talk. E. Use the​ client's full name.

​Use the word "you" / avoid baby talk / use client's full name Rationale: Strategies to avoid elderspeak include referring to the client by the full​ name; speaking to the client by using the word​ "you," not​ "we"; asking direct​ questions; speaking in a normal tone of​ voice; and avoiding the use of baby talk. Although the use of communication aids may be helpful when working with an older​ adult, their use does not help the nurse avoid using elderspeak.

Which approach by the nurse is appropriate to use to communicate with pediatric​ clients? (Select all that​ apply.) A. Use reminiscing. B. Use word games. C. Read a story. D. Draw pictures. E. Engage in play.

​Use word games. Read a story. Draw pictures. Engage in play. Rationale: Communication techniques that the nurse can use to work effectively with pediatric clients include​ playing, drawing​ pictures, storytelling, word​ games, and reading books with a theme similar to the​ child's condition or problem and then discussing the meaning. Reminiscing is a strategy used with older adults.

An older adult client is in tears upon receiving a diagnosis of terminal cancer. Which nonverbal communication from the nurse shows​ empathy? A. Crying with the client B. Using touch Your answer is correct.C. Wiping the​ client's tears D. Being silent

​Using touch Rationale: The use of touch is nonverbal communication that often conveys more about what an individual is feeling than what the person actually says. Being silent may come across as not caring. Crying with the client and wiping the​ client's tears may be nice gestures but are not the best options to show empathy.

A healthcare provider yells at a nurse for not knowing a​ client's latest laboratory values. Which response by the nurse demonstrates assertive​ communication? (Select all that​ apply.) A. ​"I will locate the values and get them to​ you." B. ​"I'm sorry.​ I'll see where those results​ are." C. ​"You can look them up on the​ computer." D. ​"I can't do anything right for​ you." E. ​"The lab has not phoned in the results​ yet."

​​"I will locate the values and get them to​ you." ​"The lab has not phoned in the results​ yet." Rationale: Assertive communication is demonstrated by using​ "I" statements, such as​ "I will locate the values and get them to​ you." Fogging is a technique that causes both parties to focus on something that is agreed. In this​ case, the statement​ "The lab has not phoned in the results​ yet" takes the focus off the healthcare​ provider's anger toward the nurse and places it on the fact that the values are not yet available. Saying​ "I can't do anything right for​ you" and​ "I'm sorry" are both passive responses. Saying​ "You can look them up on the​ computer" is an aggressive response.