Pearson - The Heart Practice test

The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the: (a) lungs; (b) liver; (c) brain; (d) body

(A) Lungs

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate? (a) R-R interval; (b) P-R interval; (c) Q-T interval; (d) S-T segment

(A) R-R interval

Both the left and right atria receive blood from: (a) veins (b) arteries (c) ventricles (d) lungs

(A) Veins

Autorhythmicity is the responsibility of: (a) cardiac pacemaker cells; (b) skeletal muscle cells; (c) cardiac muscle cells; (d) contractile cells

(A) cardiac pacemaker cells

The right side of the heart receives: (a) deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit; (b) oxygenated blood from the systemic circuit; (c) deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit; (d) oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit

(A) deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood? (a) pulmonary vein; (b) pulmonary trunk; (c) pulmonary artery; (d) superior vena cava

(A) pulmonary vein

The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about: (a) 30 ml; (b) 50 ml; (c) 70 ml; (d) 120 ml

(B) 50 ml

How much blood is pumped from each ventricle during the ventricular ejection phase? (a) 50 ml; (b) 70 ml; (c) 90 ml; (d) 120 ml

(B) 70 ml

Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload? (a) aldosterone; (b) atrial natriuretic peptide; (c) antiduretic hormone; (d) norepinephrine

(B) Atrial natriuretic peptide

Inotropic agents effect: (a) depolarization; (b) contractility; (c) stroke volume; (d) heart rate

(B) Contractility

The right and left atria depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the: (a) Purkinje fibers; (b) Sinoatrial Node (SA Node); (c) AV Node (Atrioventricular) Node; (d) AV (Atrioventricular) bundle

(B) SA Node

The P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of cells in the: (a) sinoatrial (SA) node; (b) atria; (c) atrioventricular (AV) node; (d) ventricles

(B) atria

The visceral pericardium is the same as the: (a) endocardium; (b) epicardium; (c) myocardium; (d) fibrous pericardium

(B) epicardium

High pressured blood in the ventricles: (a) forces the AV valves open; (b) forces the semilunar valves open; (c) forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves shut; (d) forces both the AV valves and semilunar valves open

(B) forces the semilunar valves open

The degree of stretch experienced by the sacromeres in the ventricle cells before they contract is called: (a) stroke volume; (b) preload; (c) contractility; (d) afterload

(B) preload

What is the function of the valves in the heart? (a) invert during contraction of the ventricles; (b) prevent backflow of blood through the heart; (c) eliminate pressure variances within the heart; (d) promote contraction of the ventricles

(B) prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base? (a) coronary sinus; (b) pulmonary trunk; (c) superior vena cava; (d) pulmonary vein

(B) pulmonary trunk

What vessel(s) deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium? (a) aorta; (b) pulmonary veins; (c) pulmonary arteries; (d) pulmonary trunk

(B) pulmonary veins

What two values are needed in order to calculate cardiac output (CO) for a ventricle? (a) heart rate (HR) and end-diastolic volume (EDV); (b) stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR); (c) stroke volume (SV) and blood pressure (BP); end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (EDV)

(B) stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR)

What largely determines preload? (a) end-systolic volume (ESV); (b) stroke volume; (c) end-diastolic volume (EDV); (d) afterload

(C) End-diastolic Volume (EDV)

A damaged atrioventricular (AV) bundle or atrioventricular (AV) node will primarily affect the length of the: (a) P wave; (b) T wave; (c) P-R interval; (d) Q-T interval

(C) P-R interval

Which of the following decreases heart rate? (a) glucagon; (b) norepinephrine; (c) acetylcholine; (d) epinephrine

(C) acetylcholine

During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cells? (a) repolarization phase; (b) initial repolarization phase; (c) plateau phase; (d) rapid depolarization phase

(C) plateau phase

What valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium? (a) left atrioventricular valve (mitral or bicuspid valve); (b) pulmonary valve; (c) right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve); (d) aortic valve

(C) right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart? (a) atrioventricular (AV) node; (b) Purkinje fiber system; (c) sinoatrival (SA) node; (d) atrioventricular (AV) bundle

(C) sinoatrival (SA) node

Calculate the end-systolic volume (ESV) if the end-diastolic volume (EDV) in a resting heart is 110 ml and stroke volume (SV) is 70 ml. (a) 10 ml; (b) 40 ml; (c) 50 ml; (d) 180 ml

(b) 40 ml

Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the: (a) pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk; (b) mitral valve and into the left ventricle; (c) pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary capillaries; (d) tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

(d) tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

True or False. There are two phases of the cardiac cycle in which all four heart valves are open: isovolumetric contraction phase and the isovolumetric relaxation phase.

False

True or False > The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body.

True

True or False: The cardiac conduction system is normally regulated by a population of pacemaker cells known as the sinoatrial (SA) node.

True