Pedagogy Practice Test Set 2
48. Which of the following teacher actions is the best example of utilizing formative assessment in instruction? a. Using the results of weekly quizzes, a mathematics teacher provides additional instruction to individual or small groups of students as needed. b. A social studies teacher compares students' performance on a pretest given at the beginning of an instructional unit with their performance on the same test at the end of the unit. c. When assigning grades, a science teacher averages each student's scores on the tests provided with the textbook used for instruction. d. A language arts teacher forms long-term instructional groups according to students' scores on a standardized reading test given at the end of the previous year.
A.
62. A high school teacher is concerned that students in the teacher's second period class are increasingly contentious with one another. The teacher also senses heightened levels of tension between particular students. The teacher's most appropriate and effective first step in improving this situation is to: a. examine the problem critically to identify possible contributing factors. b. request that parents/guardians discuss the issue with their children. c. implement stricter consequences for rude comments and interactions. d. invite colleagues to help brainstorm ideas for solving the problem.
A.
70. Teachers can promote students' ability to transfer learning to new situations most effectively by incorporating which of the following elements into instruction? a. many opportunities for students to apply new knowledge in real-world contexts b. extended periods for students to practice new skills independently c. regular reviews of new content with students in a small-group setting d. frequent assessment of students' understanding of new content
A.
72. An upcoming history project on World War II requires students to write and present a speech on a topic relevant to that period of time. Which of the following activities would best prepare students for this project? a. analyzing speeches given by notable historical figures that represent multiple perspectives on an issue b. providing students with a step-by-step process for examining the components of effective speeches c. allowing students to work in groups to identify topics for their speeches and techniques to incorporate d. ensuring that students have ample time in the school library and access to wide variety of resources
A.
79. Which of the following types of activities is the most appropriate and effective choice for helping create a community of learners in a high school class? a. group problem-solving activities in which each student holds a piece of information that is needed to arrive at a solution b. competitive team activities in which assigned leaders are allowed to select their own team members c. self-directed activities in which individual students research a topic and present information to the class d. reflective activities in which students express their thoughts about abstract ideas such as ethics and responsibility
A.
95. A teacher is beginning a new unit of study covering cultures. To best meet the student's needs and drive instruction, the teacher's first step should be to a. administer an anticipation guide to activate prior knowledge of the cultures. b. provide a short video clip showcasing the cultures. c. show pictures of the part of the world associated with the cultures. d. assign groups to research the cultures and countries.
A.
At the beginning of the school year, a seventh-grade teacher learns that the class will include a student who has been identified as gifted. Which of the following actions by the teacher would be most effective in addressing the academic needs of this student? a. providing independent enrichment activities that prompt the student to explore current topics of study in greater depth and complexity b. developing more lengthy class and homework assignments to ensure that the student is fully engaged in learning c. assigning the student to prepare and teach a lesson to the rest of the class at least once during each instructional unit d. including in the classroom library a selection of advanced materials on topics that are likely to interest the student
A.
40. A social studies teacher is planning a unit for National Hispanic Heritage month. Which of the following activities will best engage kinesthetic learners? a. Observing performers model dances from different regions of Mexico b. creating masks like those traditionally used in the Ponce Carnival in Puerto Rico. c. Identifying important geographical features on a map of Argentina. d. Comparing the monetary system of Colombia to that of the United States
B
49. A sixth-grade language arts teacher wants to incorporate peer assessment activities as part of students' writing instruction. The teacher can promote the success of peer assessment activities most effectively by taking which of the following steps? a. allowing students to select their own partners for peer assessment activities b. providing students with explicit instruction and practice in offering constructive feedback c. assigning students permanent partners who will review their work throughout the school year d. developing a script for students to follow during peer assessment activities
B
52. An eighth-grade teacher plans to have students keep portfolios as one way to document their learning progress. Students will be able to select the work they want to include in their portfolios and will share them with parents/guardians during student-led conferences. The teacher can best enhance the effectiveness of the portfolios by taking which of the following actions? a. storing students' portfolios in an area where students have access to review their work at any time b. having students reflect on and write a brief rationale for the inclusion of each piece of work they choose for their portfolios c. allowing students to determine the format they will use when assembling their portfolios d. encouraging students to discuss work they are considering for inclusion in their portfolios with a peer before making a final decision
B
54. A teacher decides to assign students to study teams. The purpose of the teams is for students to help each other throughout the year (e.g., gathering handouts for an absent classmate, helping each other prepare for tests). The teacher first observes how students relate to each other for a few weeks before assigning teams. Then the teacher provides students with explicit instruction in how the teams are to function. These study teams can be expected to benefit students most by: a. enhancing students' overall motivation to succeed academically. b. establishing aterm-55 network of peers to provide students with academic support. c. promoting the development of students' collaboration skills. d. maximizing the amount of time students are engaged in active learning.
B
55. One student in a tenth-grade teacher's English class has a history of low achievement in English and shows little motivation for learning. The student reads at grade level and demonstrates a good understanding of content in class discussions. However, when given a choice of activities, the student almost always selects those that are least demanding and turns in work that meets only the minimum performance criteria. In discussions with the teacher about these issues, the student states, "I've never been any good at reading and writing and it's too late to get better now." This student is most clearly exhibiting signs of: a. perfectionism. b. learned helplessness. c. depression. d. cognitive delay.
B
56. A teacher who is reflecting on the learning environment in a class should give the highest priority to addressing which of the following issues? a. Many students tend to choose the same partner for activities in which students will work in pairs. b. Two students with disabilities frequently appear to be isolated and ignored by their classmates. c. Some students are substantially more communicative about their thoughts and feelings than others. d. During small-group activities, students often initiate informal competitions with peers in other groups
B
64. Which of the following pieces of information about the students in an eleventh-grade history class most clearly indicates a need for the teacher to modify his or her teaching practices? a. Two of the students are taking the course as an elective credit. b. Most students' independent reading levels fall between the eighth- and tenth-grade levels. c. Some of the students have older siblings who have failed the course. d. A large number of the students participate in more than one extracurricular activity.
B
65. A fifth-grade teacher has been reassigned to teach seventh-grade science. The teacher immediately enrolls in a workshop on methods for teaching middle school science as well as a science course at a nearby college. These actions best demonstrate the teacher's understanding of how to: a. identify the important principles and concepts in a given discipline. b. expand content-area and pedagogical expertise through self-directed learning. c. locate training that is grounded in current research and best practice. d. utilize self-assessment strategies to identify professional development goals.
B
69 .The primary goal of middle schools within the structure of U.S. public school systems is to: a. familiarize young adolescents with instructional methods used at the secondary level. b. provide learning experiences that are responsive to the unique developmental needs of young adolescents. c. help students develop positive relationships with peers and teachers by limiting class sizes. d. improve student achievement by extending basic skills instruction beyond the elementary level.
B
77. In an eighth-grade language arts class, a teacher observes that only a few students participate actively in discussions and other large-group activities. Although all students respond when called on, the teacher is concerned about the overall level of student participation. Which of the following strategies would best promote broader student participation? a. assigning each student to lead one or more class activities b. replacing some large-group activities with partner or small-group activities c. giving students a grade based on their participation in class activities d. reinforcing the expectation that each student will participate in large-group activities
B
80. During the first week of school, a new teacher works with students to develop a list of class behavior guidelines. According to best practice regarding classroom management, which of the following teacher strategies is most essential to the effective implementation of these guidelines? a. having students regularly reflect on how well they are following the behavior guidelines b. emphasizing consistency and fairness in the application of the guidelines c. eliminating guidelines from the list as students internalize the expected behaviors d. reviewing the guidelines with students at the beginning of every week
B
96. A school district has implemented a bring-your-own-device (BYOD) policy, which allows students to use their Internet-capable personal devices in class with teacher permission. Teachers are planning to have students use the devices for end-of-chapter quizzes. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for the teachers to ensure that students who do not own personal devices can participate? a. Requiring all students to answer the quizzes on paper and to submit the paper b. Providing loaner devices from school inventories that are capable of accessing the quizzes c. Asking students to share their devices with students who do not own a device d. Telling students about activities in advance and requiring them to borrow or rent a deviceterm-47
B
97. A teacher plans to integrate technology into a collaborative learning environment. Which of the following student activities will be most engaging to the students and achieve the teacher's goal? a. Presenting a multimedia presentation on a key concept b. Creating a blog discussing the attributes of a book they read recently c. Reading an electronic version of a chapter in a textbook d. Comparing accounts of historical events in filterm-48m and print sources
B
20. Students with specific learning disabilities most often demonstrate which of the following learning profiles? a. inconsistent pace in achievement of academic expectations for the student's age and grade level b. persistent evidence of academic underachievement despite average intelligence and the provision of research-based instruction and intervention c. a regular pattern of below grade-level performance across academic areas for two or more consecutive years d. ongoing need for teacher and/or peer guidance and support to complete both in-class assignments and long-term projects
B.
24. A middle school student with a poor self-concept in a particular academic area is most likely to experience which of the following difficulties in that area? a. monitoring his or her understanding of material b. estimating his or her competence and ability accurately c. working effectively with others on small-group tasks d. maintaining a consistent level of performance
B.
34.A class is learning about the impacts a famous person had on sociality. As an enrichment activity, the teacher allows students to choose any person that has influenced their life in a positive way and write about that person. By giving students a choice, the teacher best demonstrates an understanding of the importance of a. having students participate in community service projects. b. promoting motivation to better engage students in the learning process. c. making students responsible to for their own work. d. asking the students to work in groups to complete the project.
B.
43. Which of the following strategies best supports a teacher's goal to incorporate critical thinking skills, into language arts lessons? a. Providing students with opportunities to seek additional content knowledge. b. Creating a forum for students to debate points of view. c. Having students individually summarize various literature read d. Asking students to create practice questions as a review activity.
B.
61. An English teacher is reflecting on several in-class writing assignments students recently completed and thinking about whether to modify the assignments for future classes. The teacher can make this determination most effectively by placing the greatest emphasis on which of the following questions? a. Do the writing assignments provide a comprehensive picture of students' writing abilities? b. To what extent did the writing assignments promote students' achievement of the desired learning outcomes? c. Would the writing assignments be more appropriate for students if assigned as homework? d. Are the topics of the writing assignments interesting to students with varied backgrounds and experiences
B.
76. Several students in a seventh-grade class struggle with reading assignments. The teacher regularly pulls these students together in a small group to complete graphic organizers for their reading assignments. This practice is likely to benefit students primarily by: a. encouraging students to take risks in their learning. b. strengthening students' comprehension of the texts. c. improving students' sense of self-efficacy. d. modeling specific reading strategies for students.
B.
84. Which of the following is the most powerful influence on a person's sense of identity before adolescence? a. School b. Family c. Media d. Peers
B.
89. A social studies teacher is planning a unit for National Hispanic Heritage month. Which of the following activities will best engage kinesthetic learners? a. Observing performers model dances from different regions of Mexico b. Creating masks like those traditionally used in the Ponce Carnival in Puerto Rico c. Identifying important geographical features on a map of Argentina d. Comparing the monetary system of Colombia to that of the United States
B.
92. During whole class instruction, a middle school teacher realizes that most of the students are reluctant to participate in class discussions and give one-word answers when they do participate. Which of the following strategies is most effective for the teacher to use to increase student engagement? a. Having students answer questions on paper in class b. Giving students think time after asking probing questions c. Asking students to answer questions online for homework d. Assessing students' understanding using an oral pop quiz
B.
10. A middle school mathematics teacher develops a classroom test that consists of information-rich paragraphs students will use to set up and solve various equations. A number of students in the class perform well on homework and in-class assignments but read two or more years below grade level. Other students have strong calculation skills but weak reasoning skills. Which of the following statements is the best assessment of the fairness of this test? A. The test is unfair because it utilizes a single-question format to measure students' learning. B. The test is fair because it is not being used to assess students' reading abilities. C. The test is unfair because it requires prerequisite reading skills that some students do not possess. D. The test is fair because questions require students to provide a single correct response.
C
11. Which of the following statements describes a potential drawback in using teacher observation as a method for assessing students' learning? A. The procedures for conducting observations tend to be intrusive to students' learning process. B. Observation notes are difficult to use for progress-monitoring purposes. C. A teacher's general impression of a student can influence the observation positively or negatively. D. Observations require a significant time investment on the part of the teacher.
C
14. Which of the following instructional emphases would be most effective in helping create a literacy-rich learning environment for high school students? A. including targeted elements of grammar and mechanics as a significant part of students' grades on content-area assignments B. assigning an independent study topic in each content area for students to investigate during the semester C. providing content-area experiences that prompt students to interact with informational and literary texts in a purposeful way D. incorporating as a regular student activity small-group read-alouds from content-area texts
C
23. In a middle school, suspensions due to fights among students have increased in recent years. Research suggests that school staff can best reduce this type of behavior by emphasizing which of the following approaches? a. implementing units at each grade level to teach students the elements and applications of moral reasoning b. helping students learn to identify and avoid negative situations that appear likely to escalate in intensity c. providing students with explicit training and practice in the use of conflict resolution skills d. increasing the severity of consequences for students who exhibit violent behavior on school grounds
C
26. When teaching students new concepts, a teacher makes a point of following direct instruction with guided and independent practice activities. Though students seem to have a good grasp of new concepts at the time, the teacher discovers that they are often unable to remember what they have learned. Which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in enhancing students' ability to internalize newly learned concepts? a. having students use a section of their binders to maintain an ongoing list of newly learned concepts b. stating for students the targeted concept at the beginning and end of each lesson c. identifying a variety of authentic contexts in which students can apply newly learned concepts d. using various incentive systems to reward students for mastering new concepts
C
27. A middle school has recently purchased software for school computers. The new software provides the capability to create webs, flowcharts, T-charts, and other types of organizers. Having students use this type of software regularly can be expected to enhance their learning most in which of the following areas? a. fostering in students a sense of confidence in their ability to learn challenging content b. facilitating students' ability to achieve content standards at a more rapid pace c. helping students visualize more clearly relationships between important concepts and ideas d. encouraging students to relate new concepts to their own experiential backgrounds
C
28. In which of the following situations are teacher expectations most likely to have a negative influence on students who are low achievers? a. The teacher allows low-achieving students slightly more time to respond to questions during discussions than high-achieving students. b. The teacher selects less difficult reading material for students who are less proficient readers than for students who are more proficient readers. c. The teacher provides more scaffolding to students who are struggling to learn than to students who are performing as expected. d. The teacher accepts from low-achieving students work of poorer quality than work from high-achieving students.
C
3. During extended assignments, a middle school language arts teacher meets with individual students weekly to discuss their progress. The teacher guides students in considering where they are in relation to the overall assignment, identifying what is going well, and developing a plan to address aspects of the project that are particularly challenging. This reflective process is likely to be particularly useful for promoting which of the following outcomes? A. reducing students' tendency to evaluate their academic performance in relation to that of their peers B. helping students develop the habit of applying standard criteria to their work C. supporting students in becoming independent learners who take responsibility for their own learning D. ensuring that students place a high priority on academic achievement
C
30. A ninth-grade English teacher wants to enhance students' comprehension of the literature they are reading. Providing students with instruction and practice in using which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective for this purpose? a. mnemonics b. chunking c. visualization d. scanning
C
46. A high school physics teacher wants to assess students' perceptions and attitudes about physics learning. Which of the following assessments would provide the teacher with the most useful information in this area? a. individual behavior checklist b. academic aptitude test c. anonymous self-report inventory d. task-specific rubric
C
93. A teacher has posted the steps of a procedure on the board. While explaining the procedure to the class, the teacher points to each step. The primary reason the teacher uses a nonverbal hand gesture is to a. correctly sequence the order of completion. b. show that the steps are being read verbatim. c. provide visual cues to direct students' focus. d. allow for movement during lesson delivery.
C
31. A middle school is located in a community with limited educational resources, and many students have limited Internet access. In this situation, teachers at the school should make which of the following instructional goals their first priority? a. incorporating opportunities for students to engage in collaboration as a regular part of instruction b. using frequent formative assessment of student learning throughout the instructional cycle c. ensuring that students have the background knowledge needed to benefit fully from instruction d. using discovery methods as the primary means for introducing new instructional topics
C.
38. Which of the following activities during an introductory lesson would best support a teacher's ability to identify student misconceptions about the lesson topic? a. allowing students to review a variety of resources on the lesson topic and having them share one thing they learned from their review b. asking students to brainstorm a list of things they want to learn about the lesson topic c. showing students a series of statements about the lesson topic and having them rate each statement as true or false d. preassessing students' knowledge of academic vocabulary related to the lesson topic
C.
58. Which of the following teaching practices is likely to have the greatest positive effect on students' motivation to achieve? a. presenting instruction in small increments with frequent reviews of content b. allowing students to choose the peers they wish to work with in group activities c. providing instructional tasks that are meaningful and relevant to students' experiences d. using peer and self-assessment as the primary methods for assigning grades
C.
67. A high school teacher is developing professional goals for the upcoming school year. Which of the following information would be most helpful in guiding this process? a. a district catalog of professional workshops provided for teachers b. results of the school's most recent family survey related to teacher performance c. feedback from formal evaluations conducted by administrators d. performance data for the teacher's students from the previous school year
C.
73. During a goal-setting meeting, a team of fifth-grade teachers has identified content-area writing as a major focus for the upcoming school year. Incorporating which of the following student activities into instruction would best support this area of focus? a. implementing journal writing as part of daily classroom instruction in the content areas b. interacting with peers on classroom blogs that focus on specific content topics c. contributing articles related to content topics to the school's newspaper or Web site d. completing various types of graphic organizers for assigned content-area reading
C.
75. A social studies teacher wants to provide additional support to students who are having difficulty interpreting text features in the textbook. Which of the following approaches would be most effective for this purpose? a. constructing flashcards of text features that students can use for independent practice b. presenting a weekly large-group mini-lesson for the class on text features c. creating anchor charts related to various text features for the students to reference d. developing a textbook scavenger hunt for students to locate specific text features
C.
Which of the following rationales would a supporter of block scheduling provide to convince others to support the organizational structure? a. Teachers can focus on more subjects in a shorter time. b. There is an emphasis on mastering facts and skills. c. Students' time in quality learning situations is increased. d. The responsibility for learning is shifted to the teachers.
C.
42. In a science class that includes English Language Learners, a teacher encourages all students to monitor their own level of understanding by having them take notes in their journal as they read assigned texts. What is the primary purpose of teaching ELLs in particular the skill of learning how to monitor understanding? a. Decreasing the students intimidation associated with learning a new language. b. Acknowledging the prior culture experiences if the students. c. Cultivating a positive environment in which the students can learn d. Promoting students ability to adjust their thinking as needed.
D
5. A middle school student has been getting low scores on daily mathematics assignments. The teacher recognizes that the student's haste to finish the assignments results in careless errors. When the student submits the next assignment, the teacher returns it with the problem areas circled. The teacher allows the student to correct the targeted areas before turning in the assignment for a final grade. The most important benefit of the teacher's action is that it: A. demonstrates the teacher's responsiveness to the developmental characteristics of adolescent students. B. enhances the student's overall comfort level in communicating directly with the teacher. C. reduces the teacher's need to plan additional mathematics activities to engage the student until the end of class. D. fosters in the student a sense of accountability for his or her own mathematics learning.
D
51. Screening assessments are most appropriately used for which of the following purposes? a. organizing students into groups for classroom instruction b. developing intervention plans to address students' specific learning needs c. determining the correct point for beginning instruction on a topic d. identifying students who may require additional evaluation or intervention
D
7. Which of the following scenarios best represents an interdisciplinary approach to teaching? A. Art teachers from several high schools in a district plan a combined showing of student work. B. High school mathematics teachers assign a project in which teams of students across grade levels research recent changes in local real estate prices. C. A team of high school teachers and students collaborates to develop a handbook for new students. D. A high school history teacher and a music teacher plan and implement a lesson that explores music in the context of a specific period in history.
D
71. A sixth-grade class includes students who are new to the United States and who have limited English proficiency. Which of the following approaches would be most effective in helping these students acquire content knowledge? a. pairing the students with high-achieving classmates during classroom activities b. sending classwork home ahead of time so that the students can preview materials before class c. offering students a bilingual dictionary to use while reading and discussing lesson topics d. providing students with a vocabulary guide that includes pictures and words related to lesson topics
D
81. In a seventh-grade classroom, the first ten minutes of the class period tend to be chaotic. Students move freely about the room, sharpening pencils and locating materials while the teacher tries to take attendance. Often the teacher has to make several attempts to gain students' attention to begin the day's lesson. There is almost always an argument about who gets to pass out papers or who gets to work at the computer first. In addressing this situation, the teacher's most appropriate first step is to: a. review information on classroom management strategies on reputable educational Web sites or in pedagogy textbooks. b. provide students with several specific examples of what constitutes appropriate behavior in various classroom contexts. c. implement immediately a system of increasingly stringent consequences for off-task or disruptive behavior. d. analyze current classroom operations to identify adjustments to help enhance students' productivity and engagement.
D
86. During a unit of study, a teacher uses books, artwork, and posters from different countries. For the culminating activity, the teacher invites members of the local community from diverse backgrounds to talk to the students about their experiences related to the unit. The teacher is most likely trying to a. make social connections to the community. b. adhere to state standards for curriculum. c. introduce different languages to students. d. promote students' cultural awareness.
D
17. During instruction, a teacher tries to use examples from a variety of cultures and groups to illustrate key lesson concepts and regularly incorporates information about the contributions and perceptions of diverse groups. This practice is likely to enhance students' learning primarily by: a. increasing their comfort level with open-ended activities that allow for many different responses. b. promoting their ability to discuss effectively a wide range of content-related topics and issues. c. helping them learn to recognize signs of stereotypical thinking in themselves and others. d. allowing them to view content they are learning through the lens of many different perspectives
D.
29. Which of the following practices by a sixth-grade mathematics teacher is most likely to have a negative effect on students who perform below grade level expectations? a. using frequent informal assessments to monitor students' progress b. relying heavily on partner and small-group activities during instruction c. providing manipulative materials for students' use as needed d. implementing long-term homogeneous grouping for instruction
D.
37. A fifth-grade teacher's class includes many types of learners, such as English language learners and students with disabilities. Which of the following teacher strategies is likely to be most effective in helping all students progress? a. relying primarily on hands-on and technology-based resources to present lesson content b. administering frequent criterion-referenced assessments to determine the extent to which students are achieving lesson goals and objectives c. creating long-term homogeneous student groups for lessons based on students' backgrounds and abilities d. consulting regularly with specialist staff about strategies for differentiating lessons to meet the learning needs of individual students
D.
39. A team of sixth-grade teachers is planning an interdisciplinary unit that will integrate English, social studies, science, and fine arts. They are meeting with the school librarian to discuss information resources for the unit. The teachers can best promote a productive meeting by sharing which of the following information with the school librarian prior to the meeting? a. a list of the academic standards that will be addressed by the unit b. a schedule for classes to conduct library research on unit topics c. the instructional methods that will be used during the unit d. the overarching theme and guiding questions for the uni
D.
47. A middle school mathematics teacher's classes include a number of English language learners. When creating tests, the teacher makes a special effort to use simple, straightforward language in directions and word problems. When administering class tests, the teacher gives English language learners extra testing time and allows them to use a bilingual dictionary. These actions demonstrate the teacher's understanding of how to: a. integrate assessment with instruction to promote English language learners' access to authentic learning opportunities. b. use classroom assessment to facilitate students' development of English language proficiency. c. employ a variety of assessment methods to obtain an accurate measure of English language learners' academic progress. d. minimize the effect of students' limited English language proficiency on their assessment performance.
D.
57. A teacher can best promote productive academic discussions by taking which of the following steps first start italics? a. informing students that the content of the discussion will be included on tests b. assigning one student responsibility for leading and summarizing the discussion c. reminding students of the importance of being polite during discussions d. ensuring that students understand the goals and purpose of the discussion
D.
60. Which of the following situations is most likely to diminish intrinsic motivation in middle school students over time? a. Students are allowed to select their own research topics from a list developed by the teacher. b. The teacher routinely explains how students' learning will be valuable and useful in achieving academic, career, and life goals. c. Students work with the teacher to develop weekly goals and monitor their learning progress. d. The teacher relies primarily on concrete rewards to encourage students to comply with behavior expectations and perform assigned tasks.
D.
78. As high school students enter mathematics class, the teacher greets each student briefly. Students turn in their homework to the designated basket, get supplies as needed from the community cabinet, and then refer to the board where the textbook pages and materials for the day's lesson are listed. Implementing these routines demonstrates most clearly the teacher's understanding of how to: a. use a variety of classroom management skills to facilitate learning. b. enhance the overall quality of the classroom learning environment. c. create a supportive and mutually respectful learning community. d. maximize the amount of class time that is available for learning.
D.
90 Which of the following approaches is the most effective way for a new teacher to improve implementation of a recently adopted curriculum? a. Focusing on keeping pace with the other teachers in the grade b. Using supplementary materials from the educational supply store c. Continuing to use the old curriculum while gradually introducing the new one d. Inviting another teacher to observe several lessons and give feedback
D.
91. In a science class that includes English-language learners (ELLs), a teacher encourages all students to monitor their own level of understanding by having them take notes in their journal as they read assigned texts. What is the primary purpose of teaching ELLs in particular the skill of learning how to monitor understanding? a. Decreasing the students' intimidation associated with learning a new language b. Acknowledging the prior cultural experiences of the students c. Cultivating a positive environment in which the students can learn d. Promoting the students' ability to adjust their thinking as needed
D.
Which of the following approaches is best for a teacher to take to increase students' awareness about local cultures? a. Assigning a yearlong project focusing on students' cultures b. Introducing students to authors' cultures from around the world c. Showing video clips of various cultural cuisines d. Inviting community members to discuss their cultures
D.
35. Teacher beginning a new unit of study covering cultures. To best meet the student's needs and drive instruction, the teacher's first step should be to: a. administer and anticipation guide to activate prior knowledge of the cultures. b. provide a short video clip showcasing the cultures. c. show pictures of the world associated with the cultures. d. assign groups to research the cultures and countries.
A
50. Which of the following assessment strategies is likely to be most effective in helping a mathematics teacher plan instruction that will promote all students' learning? a. pretesting students at the beginning of each new unit to determine their current knowledge and skills in the targeted area b. including several different question formats (e.g., essay, true/false) on each classroom assessment c. meeting regularly with individual students to help them evaluate their performance on class activities and assessments d. applying a weighting system in calculating final grades (e.g., homework counts 10 percent, quizzes count 30 percent)
A
53. Which of the following strategies most directly leads to increased academic performance? a. Integrating social-emotional learning in classes b. Scheduling daily time for students to read for pleasure c. Rewarding students for meeting specific objectives d. Enforcing regulations regarding excessive tardiness
A
59. A middle school teacher wants to create a classroom learning environment that will support increased self-esteem in students. Which of the following teacher practices would best help achieve this goal? a. establishing a relationship with each student that communicates the teacher's respect for the student as an individual capable of success b. assigning students to write a report about themselves early in the school year to share with peers c. adopting an authoritative approach in which the teacher creates routines and procedures and reacts immediately to students' inappropriate actions d. offering frequent verbal praise to students for the successful completion of assigned task
A
6. A student in a high school health class continually whispers to nearby classmates. In response, the teacher has the student move to a desk that is somewhat isolated in the classroom. The teacher's action is an appropriate strategy to use in this situation primarily because it: A. provides a consequence that is logically related to the student's behavior. B. establishes a nonjudgmental tone with regard to students' behavior. C. serves as a reminder to other students in the class about expected behavior. D. encourages the student to reflect on his or her behavior choices.
A
63. A new high school mathematics teacher who has questions about the school's mathematics curriculum should consult which of the following individuals? a. department chairperson b. assistant principal c. library media specialist d. guidance counselor
A
66. A new teacher makes video recordings of particular lessons and then reviews the recordings with a mentor teacher. This approach is likely to have the greatest positive effect on the new teacher's professional growth in which of the following areas? a. facilitating the teacher's ability to identify relative strengths and weaknesses in his or her teaching practices b. enabling the teacher to be an active participant in collaborative planning efforts c. improving the teacher's ability to apply various forms of feedback on his or her teaching practices d. helping the teacher meet the requirements for becoming a highly qualified teacher
A
68. An eighth-grade teacher has a professional goal of further developing his knowledge of strategies for promoting students' critical-thinking skills. Which of the following steps is likely to be most effective in achieving this outcome? a. searching online clearinghouses maintained by educational organizations for information about teaching critical thinking b. asking colleagues to review lesson plans prior to implementation and provide feedback on critical-thinking activities c. reading recent issues of journals published by professional educational organizations to locate information about critical thinking d. seeking recommendations from colleagues for high-quality commercial materials that can be used to teach critical thinking
A
74. An eighth-grade science class is researching real-world problems related to the environment. During a scheduled workday in the school library, the teacher observes that many students are struggling with how to begin their projects and develop a plan for their research. Which of the following steps by the teacher would best address this issue? a. working with students to design a rubric that outlines the requirements and expectations for the project b. encouraging students to consult their peers about how best to formulate their questions and strategies for information gathering c. providing students with several different graphic organizers to use as they gather information on their topics d. presenting students with a few exemplary projects to use as a guide as they develop their own projects
A
8. In the context of a unit on natural resources, middle school science teachers design a project-based learning experience for students focusing on the following questions: "How much water does your household use in a day?" "How does that compare with the amount of water used by households in other parts of the world?" "What actions will ensure that people around the world have enough water?" These questions represent an effective application of the principles of project-based learning because they prompt students to engage in which of the following processes? A. analyzing the complexities of an important issue B. practicing perspective-taking skills C. recognizing the role they play in a global problem D. monitoring their learning progress
A
82. A high school teacher is reflecting on a recent interaction with a student whose behavior was disrupting the class. The teacher reprimanded the student for misbehaving, and the student made a disrespectful comment in return. At that point, the teacher approached the student and said loudly, "I'm going to give you one more chance to behave." The student stood up and continued to speak rudely to the teacher. The teacher responded by having the student removed from class. Which of the following statements describes the most significant misstep by the teacher in addressing this situation? a. The teacher became engaged in a power struggle with the student, causing lost instructional time. b. The teacher ceded responsibility for disciplining the student, resulting in a loss of authority in the classroom. c. The teacher attempted to de-escalate the behavior rather than disciplining the student immediately. d. The teacher failed to offer the student another opportunity to correct the behavior, extending the confrontation.
A
87. Which of the following instructional practices best ensures that a teacher structures the learning environment to address the needs of diverse students? a. Differentiation b. Remediation c. Enrichment d. Modeling
A
9. In which of the following situations is a middle school student most likely to demonstrate a lack of engagement in and avoidance of learning? A. The student has experienced repeated failure and attributes that to lack of ability. B. The student's teachers utilize instructional strategies that focus on mastery learning. C. The student has had persistent difficulties with self-regulation and time management. D. The student's teachers consistently provide open-ended tasks and learning experiences.
A
94. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for assisting English-language learners (ELLs) at the beginning level of proficiency with reading content-specific material? a. Providing instruction on text-based academic vocabulary prior to reading b. Requiring students to develop outlines of the text in English while reading c. Having students read content material aloud in groups with other ELLs d. Providing students with parallel texts in English and their native language
A
44. Which of the following activities best supports improving middle school students engagement during science class? a. Conducting debriefing activities where students discuss the validity and implications of the experiments. b. Having students work in heterogeneous groups to complete lab reports immediately following the experiments. c. Providing students with a checklist to mark as they complete each step of the scientific process for the experiments. d. Allowing students to choose the topics and methodology to help the next classroom experiments.
A.
45. Which of the following explanations accurately describes the principle of reliability with regard to assessment? a. the consistency with which an assessment measures the targeted content b. the degree to which an assessment accurately predicts an individual's future academic success c. the accuracy with which an assessment measures the targeted content d. the relationship between an individual's scores on two different kinds of assessments
A.
13. Students in a sixth-grade class are listening to the teacher read a short story about a climbing team's ascent of Mount McKinley. The teacher pauses periodically and asks students to make predictions about what will happen next. Which of the following additional actions by the teacher during this activity would best promote students' critical-thinking skills? A. asking students to identify clues from the reading that led to their predictions B. calling on individual students to summarize orally the action in each part of the story the teacher reads C. reading to students a second time any passages that contain new vocabulary D. having students record their predictions in writing journals before reading the next part of the story
A
19. Which of the following actions is most important in addressing the learning needs of a student with a mild hearing loss? a. ensuring that the student has an unobstructed view of the teacher during instruction b. repeating directions for activities and assignments for the student at least three times c. providing the student with a study carrel in a quiet area of the classroom for independent work d. posing questions to the student more frequently than to peers to check for understanding
A
32. A ninth-grade teacher frequently assigns student projects. First the teacher discusses the objectives for the project with students. Next the students develop a project plan, outlining the activities they will perform and products they will develop to achieve the targeted objectives, and then they review their plan with the teacher. This approach is likely to be most effective in achieving which of the following goals? a. supporting students in assuming responsibility for their own learning b. communicating to students high expectations for their performance and learning c. increasing the relevance of academic content to students' lives and experiences d. ensuring that instruction is responsive to students' individual needs and interests
A.
33. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for assisting ELL learners at the beginning level of proficiency with reading content specific material? a. providing instruction on text based academic vocabulary prior to reading. b. requiring students to develop outlines of the text in English while reading. c. having students read content material allowed in groups with other ELLS. d. providing students with parallel texts in English and their native language.
A.
4. Students in a civics class complain to the teacher that the hallways are overcrowded during passing periods, making it difficult to get to class on time. The teacher challenges students to develop a plan for relieving the overcrowding during passing periods. Working in small groups for one week, students develop potential plans for addressing the problem. The teacher can extend this problem-solving challenge most effectively by engaging students in which of the following activities next? A. reviewing each of the plans and voting on the one most likely to succeed B. generating criteria for conducting a comparative evaluation of the plans C. meeting with a school administrator to explain the key points of each plan D. conducting a student and faculty survey to determine which plan the majority prefers
B
1. Which of the following statements by a ninth-grade student represents the most advanced level of moral development? A. "It's against the rules to leave school during lunch; we'll get in trouble for sure." B. "I think every person who wants to should have a chance to try out for the team." C. "You know the librarian doesn't like it when we reshelve the books we use." D. "I'll help you with history but only if you help me study for the science test."
B
12. A ninth-grade English teacher provides students with a checklist of features to strive for in their writing assignments. Students use the checklists to evaluate their writing at each stage of the process. The teacher makes a point of meeting with individual students to review their checklists and discuss ways to improve their writing. This self-assessment practice is likely to benefit students primarily by: A. helping students recognize that minimum quality standards exist for all types of work. B. promoting students' active involvement in the assessment process. C. communicating to students that they are the best judge of the quality of their work. D. expanding students' view of assessment beyond the concept of tests.
B
15. In which of the following situations would a dedicated e-mail group be the most appropriate and effective tool for communication? A. High school social studies teachers want to invite individuals from different cultural groups to give presentations during a unit on the history of immigration in Indiana. B. Middle school science teachers want to keep community partners up to date on the progress of a class vegetable garden project for which the community partners provided donations. C. High school mathematics teachers want to gather information from educational vendors about the costs of specific types of calculators and manipulative materials. D. Middle school language arts teachers want to get feedback from a cross section of the school community regarding a plan to have students read a potentially controversial novel.
B
18. Which of the following behaviors by a fifth-grade English language learner represents the most advanced stage of second-language acquisition? a. using primarily present tense verbs in conversation b. asking clarifying questions to enhance understanding c. providing single sentence responses to literal questions d. producing simple sentences in social contexts
B
22. Which of the following behaviors among students in a middle school is most closely related to the process of identity formation? a. preferring to work collaboratively with peers on long- and short-term projects in academic courses b. forming cliques whose members consistently dress and behave in distinctive or unconventional ways c. working more diligently in classes whose teachers are perceived to be kinder and more supportive d. seeking the assistance of close friends when confronting difficult personal situations or decisions
B
2. In which of the following situations is a teacher most clearly applying the concept of scaffolding to promote student learning? A. A middle school mathematics teacher allows students to discontinue independent practice of a new skill once they have correctly solved three problems in a row. B. A high school English teacher offers students a choice of three articles to read as part of an interdisciplinary unit on the Renaissance. C. A middle school science teacher directs students to write down each step of an experiment on identifying acids and bases as they perform it. D. A high school world history teacher reviews and posts a timeline of key world events to provide students with context for learning about factors leading up to the Korean conflict.
D
36. A tenth-grade history teacher is planning to assign an independent research paper on the Prohibition era. The teacher is aware that students in the class have a wide range of reading abilities. Which of the following adjustments to this planned assignment would most effectively accommodate the less proficient readers in the class? a. limiting the scope of the research assignment for less proficient readers to tasks that require primarily lower-order thinking skills, such as fact gathering b. permitting students to choose for themselves the number of resources they wish to use for their research c. having students complete the task in mixed-ability groups so less proficient readers can benefit from the research gathered by more proficient readers d. allowing students to make extensive use of nonprint resources, such as videos, to conduct their research
D
41. Which of the following approaches is the most effective way for new teacher to improve implementation of a recently adopted curriculum? a. Focusing on keeping pace with the other teacher in the grade. b. Using supplementary materials from the educational supply store. c. Continuing to use the old curriculum while gradually introducing the new one. d. Inviting another teacher to observe several lessons and give feedback.
D
21. A tenth-grade teacher decides to have students engage in a series of debates on several school-related topics, such as the school dress code and extending the school day. This type of activity is particularly appropriate for tenth-grade students primarily because students at this age have typically developed the ability to: a. recognize multiple perspectives on an issue. b. consider the implications of complex moral decisions. c. distinguish between arguments and discussions. d. engage in formal operational thinking
a
25. A middle school teacher's class is highly diverse in terms of students' cultural and ethnic backgrounds, ability levels, and socioeconomic status. In a class with this degree of diversity, which of the following factors is likely to have the greatest positive influence on students' learning? a. The teacher emphasizes a highly structured large-group approach to instruction. b. Students have significant input into decisions about instructional goals and timelines for various learning tasks. c. Students have many opportunities to compare their performance to that of their peers. d. The teacher communicates high expectations for students' learning and a belief in students' ability to be successful.
d.
