Pedagogy Pretest

The award given annually to an illustrator of the most distinguished children's picture book is the: a. Caldecott Medal b. Newbury Award c. Laura Ingalls Wilder Award d. IRA Children's Book Award

a. Caldecott Medal

When reading for pleasure or interest, the reader is using a. aesthetic reading b. efferent reading c. envisionment d. intertextuality

a. aesthetic reading

Which of the following best describes what is meany by core instruction? The part of the literacy program: a. all students need b. not needed by struggling readers c. that uses a published reading program d. that is optional

a. all students need

The true test of reading is whether a person can a. answer questions about what was read b. sound out all or most of the words c. read with reasonable expression d. apply context and other word recognition skills

a. answer questions about what was read

Younger students have the most difficulty a. considering audience b. composing their pieces c. deciding upon a topic d. getting started

a. considering audience

The skill most often used in conjunction with one or more of the other word recognition skills are a. contextual analysis b. morphemic analysis c. dictionary skills d. syllabic analysis

a. contextual analysis

The word recognition skill of last resort is: a. dictionary usage b. morphemic analysis c. structural analysis d. phonic analysis

a. dictionary usage

Which of the following syllabic patterns would be presented first? a. early inflectional endings b. common prefixes (un- and pre-) c. closed-syllable patterns d. open-syllable patterns

a. early inflectional endings

Children derive meaning from their reading by connecting the story or information to their: a. experiences b. parents c. literacy level d. choices

a. experiences

Different types of classifications or literature are a. genre b. didacticism c. emergent literacy d. historical fiction

a. genre

Most new words are learned a. independently through oral or written contexts b. with the help of a teacher or parent c. in a planned, systematic program d. in content area subjects

a. independently through oral or written contexts

Concepts and ideas acquired by a student are known as: a. prior knowledge b. fluency c. diagnosis d. decoding

a. prior knowledge

How can teachers foster an interest in reading? a. read aloud regularly b. limit reading time c. use only basal texts d. limit student choices

a. read aloud regularly

Which of the following graphic organizers would be best for comparing a number of characters on a number of traits? a. semantic feature analysis b. plot analysis c. venn diagram d. semantic web

a. semantic feature analysis

Novice writers are generally most conscious of a. spelling and handwriting b. content c. suitability of content d. length of composition

a. spelling and handwriting

Which graphic organizer works best when two items are being compared? a. venn diagram b. semantic map c. semantic feature analysis d. labeled diagram

a. venn diagram

Which of the following concepts of print would you most likely teach first? a. what we say can be written b. sentences begin with capitals c. words are made of letters d. books have titles

a. what we say can be written

Which of the following seems deeply rooted in a philosophy rather than a method of teaching? a. whole language b. language experience c. basal d. reading workshop

a. whole language

When writing individual language experience stories, it is recommended that the teacher a. write exactly what the child said, even if there is a grammatical error b. change only the child's grammatical errors c. phonetically respell the child's mispronunciations d. make changes whenever necessary

a. write exactly what the child said, even if there is a grammatical error

Which regard to the research on effective literacy instruction, which of the following is true? a. the most important thing for an effective literacy teacher to consider is the Common Core State Standards b. An effective literacy teacher must consider multiple elements in planning instruction and keeping abreast of the research c. The least important element for an effective literacy teacher to consider is data on each student d. An effective literacy teacher should find one instructional strategy which works well for him/her and master it before adding other strategies

b. an effective literacy teacher must consider multiple elements in planning instruction and keeping abreast of the research

According to current theories, the reader's role is to a. recreate the author's implied meaning b. construct meaning by transacting with text c. use only own experience to construct meaning d. seek out elements that have personal relevance

b. construct meaning by transacting with the text

A teacher does not advocate the use of the dictionary or morphemic analysis because she wants her students to practice using context skills to learn new words. What is wrong with that practice? a. the dictionary is easier to use than context. Students need practice using the dictionary b. context clues don't often work. Students should use integrated skills c. morphemic analysis is easier to use than context and works nearly all the time d. teaching students to use context-clues is time consuming and usually ineffective

b. context clues don't often work. Students should use integrated skills

A more narrow focus when reading, such as reading to find specific information, is known as: a. aesthetic reading b. emergent literacy c. envisionment d. intertextuality

b. emergent literacy

This term refers to the beginning stages of learning to read and write: a. experiencing literature b. emergent literacy c. family literacy d. cultural literacy

b. emergent literacy

Which of the following aproaches is based on primarily instructing small groups of students at their level? a. core literature b. guided reading c. reading workshop d. language experience

b. guided reading

Which of the following approaches is based on allowing students to choose their own books and read at their own pace? a. basal b. individualized/reading workshop c. literature-based d. whole language

b. individualized/reading workshop

These are small, temporary discussion groups who have chosen to read the same story, poem, article, or book. Each member has a responsibility and shares in the discussion a. cognitive circles b. literature circles c. literacy groups d. cumulative groups

b. literature circles

According to Savin and Elkonin, which of the following seems to be the most important prerequisite for learning conventional reading and writing? a. knowledge of capital and lowercase letters b. phonemic awareness c. knowledge of the major uses of print d. ability to form letters

b. phonemic awareness

According to No Child Left Behind, the five key components of scientific reading programs are a. word study, reading readiness, comprehension, study skills, voluntary reading b. phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension c. reading readiness, phonics, word recognition skills, oral reading, comprehension d. concept of words, alphabet knowledge, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency

b. phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension

The level on which a person can read a book with comprehension is: a. traditional literacy b. readability c. visual literacy d. stance

b. readability

Children learn to read by doing this a. modeling others b. reading c. listening to others d. drawing

b. reading

Which of the following would best foster fluency? a. reading challenging books to others b. reading a series of easy books c. following along as the teacher reads aloud d. completing phonics puzzles

b. reading a series of easy books

What is the most logical reason why many children spell girl GRIL and bird BRID? a. they confuse letter sequence b. the r sound dominates c. they lack a strong sense of directionality d. they mispronounce words containing ir

b. the r sound dominates

Juan has played soccer but has never played football. Football was not a popular sport where he grew up. Despite excellent word recognition skills, Juan, who generally has had little difficulty comprehending selections, is unable to answer most of the questions about a boy who leads his team to the state football championship. What seems to be the main source of Juan's difficulty? a. Juan has little interest in the story because he cannot identify with the main character b. Juan focuses on pronouncing the words correctly and so fails to read for meaning c. Juan lacks adequate comprehension strategies d. Juan has limited background for understanding the story

d. Juan has limited background for understanding the story

Which of the following approaches to teaching reading is most popular? a. reading workshop b. language experience c. literature-based d. basal/anthology

d. basal/anthology

Which phonic element is generally taught first? a. short vowels b. long vowels c. consonant digraphs d. consonants

d. consonants

Including informational materials in a literature program is important mainly because these materials a. are of high interest b. foster discussion skills c. help students solve problems d. expand students' literary horizons

d. expand students' literary horizons

Children's pretend reading should be encouraged because it: a. prepares for phonics instruction b. fits in with invented spelling c. complements the writing portion of the program d. helps construct more advanced reading understandings

d. helps construct more advanced reading understandings

Which of the following is NOT step in the writing process? a. composing b. revising c. prewriting d. Illustrating

d. illustrating

Which of the following approaches works well as a beginning reading approach but tends to be less effective after that? a. reading workshop b. literature-based c. basal approach d. language experience

d. language experience

A running record is most like a a. group reading inventory b. norm-referenced reading test c. criterion-referenced phonics test d. miscue analysis

d. miscue analysis

Which of the following is likely to foster increased voluntary reading? a. completing book reports b. dramatizing books c. studying famous authors d. participating in book discussions

d. participating in book discussions

According to the Commission on Reading, the single best way to prepare children for reading and writing is to: a. build their self-esteem b. surround them with literacy tools c. arrange for lots of real-life experiences d. read to them

d. read to them

The most important factor in comprehension is a. clarity of the piece being read b. quality of the questions asked c. length of selection d. reader's background

d. reader's background

The best way to reinforce high frequency words is through a. flash cards b. writing c. spelling d. reading

d. reading

Which of the following is NOT a literary element? a. setting b. plot c. theme d. realistic fiction

d. realistic fiction

Students can respond to what they have read using response journals. Which of the following is NOT an effective technique? a. dialogue journal b. recording thoughts while reading c. writing predictions d. recording book titles

d. recording book titles

Which of the following is an example of the use of a pronounceable word part? a. sounding out words sound by sound b. thinking the word bank begins like boy c. seeing that the word chat has the familiar part at

d. seeing that the word chat has the familiar part at

Which of the following would most likely increase students' enjoyment of reading? a. seeking examples of literary devices b. answering guide questions for each chapter c. thoroughly discussing each chapter d. self-selecting materials to be read

d. self-selecting materials to be read

A story map refers to a. character speech b. author's style c. storytelling d. story structure

d. story structure

According to a situational model, when reading a story, the reader is most likely to key in on a. the setting b. surprising events c. the conflict or problem of the story d. the main character

d. the main character

According to past and recent research, which approach to teaching reading is best? a. basals work best b. whole language c. carefully sequenced methods produce the greatest gains d. there is no clear superior approach

d. there is no clear superior approach

Reading results in improved writing when students a. read high quality selections b. read a variety of materials c. read like a writer d. write in addition to reading

d. write in addition to reading

Voluntary reading can produce a significant increase in reading achievement if students read on their own a minimum of _____ minutes a day a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

b. 10

Which of the following set of scores represents the students instructional level? a. 90% word recognition, 80% comprehension b. 95% word recognition, 75% comprehension c. 99% word recognition, 90% comprehension d. 95% word recognition, 60% comprehension

b. 95% word recognition, 75% comprehension

The award given annually to an author for the most outstanding children's book is the a. Caldecott Medal b. Newbery Award c. Laura Ingalls Wilder Award d. IRA Children's book award

b. Newbery Award

Which of the following is a preparational strategy? a. repeating words to remember b. activating prior knowledge c. seeking main ideas d. noting relevant details

b. activating prior knowledge

Which of the following should be read efferently? a. a poem b. a drama c. a set of directions d. a novel

c. a set of directions

How many speech sounds are there in English? a. about 35 b. about 40 c. about 45 d. about 50

c. about 45 or b. about 40

Which stage would a student be in who spells name NAM? a. prealphabetic (prephonemic) b. syllabic juncture c. alphabetic (letter-name) d. consolidated alphabetic (within-word pattern)

c. alphabetic (letter-name)

Young children should learn about literacy mostly through a. texts specifically designed to start slowly b. interacting with peers c. being involved in reading and writing d. structured teaching geared to their level

c. being involved in reading and writing

The two basic processes involved in reading are a. fluency and decoding b. comprehension and fluency c. decoding and comprehension d. oral language and decoding

c. decoding and comprehension

For aver learners formal instruction in syllabication should be started in a. grade one b. grade two c. grade three d. grade four

c. grade three

What is most helpful in learning the meaning of a new word? a. learning a synonym b. learning a definition c. learning the word explained in context d. hearing the word pronounced

c. learning the word explained in context

Morphemic analysis is primarily concerned with a. sound b. sight c. meaning d. spelling

c. meaning

A genre of literature that presents information is a. historical fiction b. modern fantasy c. non-fiction d. traditional literature

c. non-fiction

An oral presentation of literature by two or more readers who summarize, characterize, and narrate a piece of literature using minimal props, if any is: a. storytelling b. choral reading c. readers theater d. creative drama

c. readers theater

A reader's purpose for reading is his/her a. denouncement b. schemata c. stance d. envisionment

c. stance

According to Elbow, publishing is important mostly because a. it introduces young writers to many ways of communicating their thoughts b. it makes students feel good about what they do c. students will work harder if they know their writing will be read d. students get added feedback

c. students will work harder if they know their writing will be read

According to research, the most effective comprehension strategy is a. inferring b. repairing c. summarizing d. predicting

c. summarizing

What is the main disadvantage of decodable texts? a. they tend to overemphasize picture cues b. they overwhelm students with phonics c. they tend to neglect semantic clues d. they tend to foster choppy reading

c. they tend to neglect semantic clues

What is the main purpose of continuous progress monitoring a. to establish reading levels b. to measure long-term growth c. to see if students are making adequate progress d. to evaluate effectiveness of a program

c. to see if students are making adequate progress

The most effective approach for learning new words is: a. use of graphic organizers b. memorizing lists of words c. wide reading d. vocabulary notebooks

c. wide reading