Pediatric Cancer Questions

A child is diagnosed with Wilms' tumor. In planning teaching interventions, what key point should the nurse emphasize to the parents? A.Do not put pressure on the abdomen. B.Frequent visits from friends and family will improve morale. C.Appropriate protective equipment should be worn for contact sports. D. Encourage the child to remain active.

A. Do not put pressure on the abdomen.

A child with cancer has the following lab result: WBC 10,000, RBC 5, and plts of 20,000. When planning this child's care, which risk should the nurse consider most significant? A.Hemorrhage B.Anemia C.Infection Pain

A. Hemorrhage (Low Platelet leads to increased risk of Hemorrhage)

According to a standard staging classification of Hodgkin's disease, which of the following criteria reflects stage III? A.Involvement of lymph node regions or structures on both sides of the diaphragm. B.Involvement of two or more lymph node regions or structures. C.Involvement of single lymph node region or structure. D.Involvement of extra lymphatic organs or tissues.

A. Involvement of lymph node regions or structures on both sides of the diaphragm.

A child with lymphoma is receiving extensive radiotherapy. Which of the following is the most common side effect of this treatment? A. Malaise B. Seizures C. Neuropathy D. Lymphadenopathy

A. Malaise

A nurse is discussing childhood cancer with the parents of a child in an oncology unit. Which statement by the nurse would be the most accurate? A. The most common site for children's cancer is the bone marrow. B. All childhood cancers have a high mortality rate. C. Children with leukemia have a higher survival rate if they are older than 11 when diagnosed. D. The prognosis for children with cancer isn't affected by treatment strategies.

A. The most common site for children's cancer is the bone marrow.

A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client's chemotherapy regimen is to: A.Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid B. Prevent uric acid from precipitating in the ureter C. Enhance the production of uric acid to ensure adequate excretion of urine D. Ensure that the chemotherapy doesn't adversely affect the bone marrow

A.Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid

The pediatric nurse understands that the most common cancer found in children is: A.Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma B. Acute lymphocytic leukemia C.Chronic lymphocytic leukemia D.Ewing's sarcoma

B. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child? A. Provide a diet low in protein and high in carbohydrates B. Avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled C. Notify the doctor if the child's temp exceeds 101 degrees F D. Increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house

B. Avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled

The parent of a child undergoing chemotherapy asksthe nurse why the child must wear a mask in public places. Which of thefollowing responses by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. Chemotherapy causes dry mouth, and the mask will help contain moisture. B. Chemotherapy decreases immune system function, increasing the risk of acquiring an infection. C. Chemotherapy makes the oral mucous membranes deteriorate and makes them susceptible to infection. D. Chemotherapy kills cancer cells, and your child might spread those cells to others

B. Chemotherapy decreases immune system function, increasing the risk of acquiring an infection.

A preschool-age child undergoing chemotherapy experiences nausea and vomiting. Which of the following would be the best intervention to include in the child's plan of care? (select all that apply) A. Administer tube feedings. B.Offer small, frequent meals. C.Offer fluids only between meals. D.Allow the child to choose what to eat for meals.

B. Offer small, frequent meals. and D.Allow the child to choose what to eat for meals.

After teaching the parents of a child newly diagnosed with leukemia about the disease, which of the following descriptions given by the mother best indicates that she understands the nature of leukemia? A.The disease is an infection resulting in increased white blood cell production. B.The disease is a type of cancer characterized by an increase in immature white blood cells. C.The disease is an inflammation associated with the enlargement of the lymph nodes. D.The disease is an allergic disorder involving increased circulating antibodies in the blood.

B. The disease is a type of cancer characterized by an increase in immature white blood cells.

The nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is newly diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Which of the following laboratory values is expected to be seen? A.Elevated aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels B.Thrombocytopenia and increased lymphocytes C.Elevated sedimentation rate D.Uncontrolled proliferation of granulocytes

B. Thrombocytopenia and increased lymphocytes

A school-age child is being seen in the oncology clinic for possible Hodgkin's disease. During the course of the nursing assessment, which findings would be expected? Select all that apply. A.Fever B.Painless cervical nodes C.Painful cervical nodes D. Poor appetite E.Complaints of night sweats

B.Painless cervical nodes (Hallmark sign) D. Poor appetite E.Complaints of night sweats

A 10 year old child with hemophilia A has slipped on the ice and bumped his knee. The nurse should prepare to administer an: A.Injection of factor X B.Intravenous infusion of iron C.Intravenous infusion of factor VIII D.Intramuscular injection of iron using the Z track method"

C. Intravenous infusion of factor VIII

A child is diagnosed with Wilms' tumor. During assessment, the nurse in charge expects to detect: A.Gross hematuria B.Dysuria C.Nausea and vomiting D.An abdominal mass

D. An abdominal mass

David, age 15 months, is recovering from surgery to remove Wilms' tumor. Which findings best indicates that the child is free from pain? A.Decreased appetite B.Increased heart rate C. Decreased urine output D. Increased interest in play

D. Increased interest in play

Which condition assessed by the nurse would be an early warning sign of childhood cancer? A. Difficulty swallowing B. Nagging cough or hoarseness C. Slight changes in bowel and bladder function D. Swelling, lumps, masses on body

D. Swelling, lumps, masses on body (night sweats, unusual bruising)

A 12 year-old boy seen in the clinic, and a diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease is suspected . Which diagnostic test results confirm the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease? A.Elevated vanillylmandelic acid urinary level. B.The presence of blast cells in the bone marrow. C.The presence of Epsetin-Barr virus in the blood. D. The presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes

D. The presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes

A nurse analyzes the lab values of a child with leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse notices that the platelet count is 19,500 cell/mm3. Based on this lab value which intervention would the nurse document in her plan of care. A. Monitor closely for signs of infection. B. Temp every four hours. C. Isolation precautions. D. Use a small toothbrush for mouth care.

D. Use a small toothbrush for mouth care.

The postoperative care of a preschool child who has had a brain tumor removed should include which of the following? A.Colorless drainage is to be expected B.Analgesics are contraindicated because of altered consciousness C.Positioning is on the operative side in the Trendelenburg position D.Carefully monitor fluids due to cerebral edema

D.Carefully monitor fluids due to cerebral edema