Peds Exam 2

An 8-month old infant has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Upon reviewing the chart, the nurse learns that the infant's hydrocephalus is due to an issue with proper CSF absorption in the subarachnoid space. This type of hydrocephalus is also called: Hydrocephalus Insipidus Non-Communicating hydrocephalus communicating hydrocephalus Arnold Chiari malformation

communicating hydrocephalus

· A child has just been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. The parents ask the nurse how long the child will be in isolation. The nurse's reply will be based on a protocol that isolation continues: o Until the organism is located o Until antibiotics are initiated. o 24 hours after antibiotic has been administered o 48 hours after the antibiotics have been administered

o 24 hours after antibiotic has been administered

· Because of the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins is decreased in cystic fibrosis, supplementation of which of the following vitamins is necessary? o C, D o A, E, K o A, D, E, K o C, folic acid

o A, D, E, K

· A 3-year-old child is admitted to the hospital unit with a diagnosis of aseptic meningitis. The nurse should take which of the following actions in the care of the child? (select all that apply) o Allow the child to assume a position of comfort o Keep the lights bright to monitor the skin color o Administer acetaminophen for pain and fever o Monitor the child for seizures o Administer antibiotics

o Allow the child to assume a position of comfort o Administer acetaminophen for pain and fever o Monitor the child for seizures o Administer antibiotics

· The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus. Which intervention should be included in the child's care? (Select all that apply) o Administer antibiotics o Administer cough syrup o Encourage to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours o Cluster care to encourage adequate rest o Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring

o Encourage to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours o Cluster care to encourage adequate rest o Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring

· Which statement expresses accurately the genetic implications of cystic fibrosis? o If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene o It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait o It is a genetic defect found primarily in nonwhite population groups o There is a 50% chance that siblings of an affected child will also be affected

o If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene

· Cystic fibrosis may affect singular or multiple systems of the body. The primary factor responsible for possible multiple clinical manifestations is which of the following? o Atophic changes in mucosal wall of intestines o Hypoactivity of autonomic nervous system o Hyperactivity of sweat glands o Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucus gland secretions

o Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucus gland secretions

· The clinic nurse provides home care instructions to a mother regarding the care of her child who is diagnosed with croup. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for further instructions? o "I will give Tylenol for fever" o "I will give cough syrup every night at bedtime" o "Sips of warm fluids during croup attach will help" o "I will place a cool-mist humidifier next to my child's bed

"I will give cough syrup every night at bedtime" - antitussive so you stopped the cough and kept it in their lungs

• The nurse reporting on duty learns that the nursing unit is using the AVPU scale on one of the nurse's assigned clients. The nurse recalls that the APVU scale is used for: A. Determining the level of pain of an intubated child B. Measuring the weight of a child who cannot stand C. Obtaining a measure of the level of consciousness D. Obtaining a gross measure of intracranial pressure

C. Obtaining a measure of the level of consciousness - AVPU Scale (Alart, Verbal, Pain, unconscious) EMS uses this

The parents of a child with cerebral palsy ask the nurse if their child will be mentally retarded. The nurse's response should be based on which of the following? A.Affected children have some degree of mental retardation B.Approximately 20% of affected children have normal intelligence C.Approximately 50-70% of affected children have normal intelligence D.Mental retardation is expected if motor deficits are severe

C.Approximately 50-70% of affected children have normal intelligence

The most prominent sign of hydrocephalus in an infant includes: Vomiting Increasing head circumference Headache upon rising in the morning sensory-motor delays

Increasing head circumference

A 7-year old patient with a history of Hydrocephalus and shunt placement, presents to the emergency department with complaints of high fevers for the past 48 hours and excessive vomiting. The nurse understands that the most likely cause is: Shunt infection Shunt malfunction Increased ICP Influenza A

Shunt infection

A child with a VP shunt complains of headache and blurry vision and now experiences irritability and sleeping more than usual. The parents ask the nurse what they should do. Select the nurse's best response. - "Give her some tylenol and see if her symptoms improve. If they do not, take her to her PCP's office - "This is more common in females. Give her a few days and see if she improves." - "You are probably worried there is a problem with her shunt. This is an unlikely cause." - "Immediately take her to the emergency department, as these may be symptoms of a shunt malfunction."

"Immediately take her to the emergency department, as these may be symptoms of a shunt malfunction."

Which of the following is the most common type of cerebral palsy? A.Hypotonic/floppy B.Hypertonic/spastic C.Athetosis/writhing D.Ataxia E.Mixed

B.Hypertonic/spastic

• The parents of a child with cerebral palsy ask the nurse if their child will be mentally retarded. The nurse's response should be based on which of the following? A. Affected children have some degree of mental retardation B. Approximately 20% of affected children have normal intelligence C. Approximately 50-70% of affected children have normal intelligence D. Mental retardation is expected if motor deficits are severe

C. Approximately 50-70% of affected children have normal intelligence

Which of the following is the most common cause of cerebral palsy? A.Cord wrapped around neck in birth canal B.Forceps delivery C.Preeclampsia in the mother D.Premature birth or very low birth weight

D.Premature birth or very low birth weight

Which position initially is most beneficial for an infant who has just returned from having a VP shunt placed? Semi-fowler in an infant seat Flat in the crib. Trendelenburg In the crib with the head elevated to 90 degrees

Flat in the crib.***** no greater than 30

• A infant's brain is what portion of the weight of an adult's brain? • One-fourth • One-third • One-half • Two-thirds

• Two-thirds