PEDS Green Book Questions Chapters 7 and 8

The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. The mother states she is pregnant with a boy and wants to know if the new baby will likely have the disorder. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Genetics play a small role in Hirschsprung disease, so there is a chance the baby will develop it as well." B. "There is no evidence to support a genetic link, so it is very unlikely the baby will also have it." C. "It is rarely seen in boys, so it is not likely your new baby will have Hirschsprung disease." D. "Hirschsprung disease is seen primarily in girls, so your new baby will not be at risk."

A

The nurse in a diabetic clinic sees a 10-year-old who is a new diabetic and has had trouble maintaining blood glucose levels within normal limits. The child's parent states the child has had several daytime "accidents." The nurse knows that this is referred to as which of the following? A. Primary enuresis. B. Secondary enuresis. C. Diurnal enuresis. D. Nocturnal enuresis.

B

The nurse is administering omeprazole (Prilosec) to a 3-month-old with GER. The child's parents ask the nurse how the medication works. Which is the nurse's best response. A. "Prilosec is a proton pump inhibitor that is commonly used for reflux in infants.: B. "Prilosec decreases stomach acid, so it will not be as irritating when your child spits up." C. Prilosec helps food move through the stomach quicker, so there will be less chance for reflux." D. Prilosec relaxes the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter."

B

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old who had an appendectomy 2 days ago. The child has a fever of 101.8F (38.8C) and breath sounds are slightly diminished in the right lower lobe. Which action is most appropriate? A. Teach the child how to use an incentive spirometer. B. Encourage the child to blow bubbles. C. Obtain an order for IV antibiotics. D. Obtain an order for acetaminophen (Tylenol).

B

The nurse is caring for a 7-week-old scheduled for a pyloromyotomy in 24 hours. Which would the nurse expect to find in the plan of care? A. Keep infant NPO; begin IV fluids at maintenance B. Keep infant NPO; begin IV fluids at maintenance; place NGT to low wall section C. Obtain Serum electrolytes; keep infant NPO; do you know how to attempt to pass NGT due to obstruction D. Offer infant small, frequent feedings; keep in PO 6 to 8 hours before surgery

B

The nurse is caring for a neonate with an anorectal malformation notes that the infant has not passed any stool per rectum but that the infant's urine contains meconium. The nurse can make which assumption? A. The child likely has a low anorectal malformation. B. The child likely has a high anorectal malformation. C. The child will not need a colostomy. D. This malformation will be corrected with a nonoperative rectal pull-through.

B

The nurse is caring for a newborn who has just diagnosed with tracheoesophageal fistula and is scheduled for surgery. Which should the nurse expect to do in the preoperative period? A. Keep the child in a monitored crib, obtain frequent vital signs, and allow the parents to visit but not hold their infant. B. Administer IV fluids and anabiotic's. C. Place the infant on 100% oxygen via a nonrebreather mask. D. Have the mother feed the infant slowly in a monitored area, stopping all feedings 46 hours before surgery.

B

The nurse is caring for a newborn with a cleft lip and palate. The mother states, "I will not be able to breastfeed my baby." Which is the nurse's best response? A. "It sounds like you are feeling discouraged. Would you like to talk about it?" B. "Sometimes breastfeeding is still an option for babies with a cleft lip and palate." C. Although breastfeeding is not an option, you can pump your milk and then feed it to your baby with a special nipple." D. "We usually discourage breastfeeding babies with cleft lip and palate, as it puts them at an increased risk for aspiration."

B

The nurse is caring for an infant who has been diagnosed with SBS. The parent asks how the disease will affect the child. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Because your child has a shorter intestine than most, your child will likely experience constipation and will need to be place on a bowel regimen." B. "Because tour child has a shorter intestine than most, he will not be able to absorb all the nutrients and vitamins in food and will need to get nutrients in other ways." C. Unfortunately, most children with this diagnosis do not do very well." D. "The prognosis and course of the disease have changed because hyperalimentation is available."

B

The nurse is caring for an infant with biliary atresia. The parents ask why the child is receiving cholestyramine. Which is the nurse's best response? A. to lower the infant's cholesterol B. to relieve the infant's itching C. to help the infant grain weight D. to help feedings be absorbed in a more efficient manner

B

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of an infant born with bladder exstrophy who had a continent urinary reservoir placed. Which statement should be included? A. "Allow your child to sleep on the abdomen to provide comfort during the immediate postoperative period." B. "As your child grows, be cautious around playgrounds because the surface could be a health hazard." C. "As your child grows, be sure to encourage many different foods because it is not likely that food allergies will develop." D. "Encourage your child's development by having brightly colored objects around, such as balloons."

B

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of an infant who has had surgery to pen a low imperforate anus. The nurse knows that the discharge instructions have been understood when the child's parents say: A. "We will use an oral thermometer because we cannot use a rectal one." B. "We will call the healthcare provider if the stools change in consistency." C. "Our infant will never be toilet-trained." D. "We understand that it is not unusual for our infant's urine to contain stool."

B

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of an infant with an umbilical hernia. Which should be included in the plan of care? A. If the hernia has not resolved on its own by the age of 12 months, surgery is generally recommended B. If the hernia appears to be more swollen or tender, seek medical care immediately C. To help the hernia resolve, place a pressure dressing over the area gently D. If the hernia is repaired surgically, there's a strong likelihood that it will return

B

The nurse knows that Nissen fundoplication involves which of the following? A. The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the inferior stomach, mimicking a lower esophageal sphincter. B. The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the inferior esophagus, mimicking a cardiac sphincter. C. The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the middle portion of the stomach, decreasing the capacity of the stomach. D. The fundus of the stomach is dilated, decreasing the likelihood of reflux.

B

The parent of a child with glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why the urine is such a funny color. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "It is not uncommon for the urine to be discolored when children are receiving steroids and blood pressure medications." B. "There is blood in your child's urine that causes it to be tea-colored." C. "Your child's urine is very concentrated, so it appears to be discolored." D. "A ketogenic diet often causes the urine to be tea-colored."

B

The parents of a child being evaluated for appendicitis tell the nurse that the healthcare provider said their child has a positive Rovsing sign. They ask the nurse what this means. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Your child's healthcare provider should answer that question." B. "A positive Rovsing sign means the child feels pain in the right side of the abdomen when the left side is palpated." C. "A positive Rovsing sign means the pain is felt when the physician removes the hand from the abdomen." D. "A positive Rovsing sign means pain is felt in the right lower quadrant when the child coughs."

B

Which child can be discharged without evaluation? A. A 2-year-old who has had 24 hours of watery diarrhea for 2 days and has decreased urine output. B. A 3-year-old who had a relapse of one diarrhea episode after restarting a normal diet. C. A 6-year-old who had been having vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days and has decreased urine output. D. A 10-year-old who has just returned from a Scout camping trip and has had several episodes of diarrhea.

B

Which needs to be present to diagnose hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)? A. Increased red blood cells with a low reticulocyte count, increased platelet count, and renal failure. B. Decreased red blood cells with a high reticulocyte count, decreased platelet count, and renal failure. C. Increased red blood cells with a high reticulocyte count, increased platelet count, and renal failure. D. Decreased red blood cells with a low reticulocyte count, decreased platelet count, and renal failure.

B

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who was admitted to the pediatric unit for moderate dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The child is restless with periods of irritability. The child is afebrile with a heart rate of 148 and a blood pressure of 90/48. Baseline laboratory tests reveal the following: Na 152, CI 119, and glucose 115. The parents state that the child has not urinated in 12 hours. After establishing a saline lock, the nurse reviews the physician's orders. Which order should the nurse question? A. administer a saline bolus of 10 mL/kg, which may be repeated if the child does not urinate B. recheck serum electrolytes in 12 hours C. after the saline bolus, begin maintenance fluids of D5 1/4 NS with 10 mEq KCL/L D. give clear liquid diet as tolerated

C

The nurse is caring for a 3-month-old being evaluated for possible Hirschsprung disease. His parents call the nurse and show her his diapers containing a large amount of mucus and bloody diarrhea. The nurse notes that the infant is fussy and his abdomen appears very distended. Which should be the nurse's next action? A. Reassure the parents that this is an expected finding and not uncommon. B. Call a code for potential cardiac arrest and stay with the infant. C. Immediately obtain all vital signs with a quick head-to-toe assessment. D. Obtain a stool sample for occult blood.

C

The nurse is caring for a 3-month-old infant who has SBS and has been receiving PN. The parents ask if their child will ever be able to eat. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Children with SBS are neve able to eat and must receive all of their nutrition in IV form." B. "You will have to start feeding your child because children cannot be on PN longer than 6 months." C. "We will start feeding your child soon so that the bowel continues to receive stimulation." D. "Your child will start receiving tube feedings soon but will never be able to eat by mouth."

C

The nurse is caring for a 4 yr old who weighs 15kg. At the end of a 10 hr period, the nurse notes the urine output as 150 mL. What action doe the nurse take? A. Notifies the hcp because this output is too low. B. Encourages the child to increase oral intake to increase output C. Records the child's urine output in the chart. D. Administers isotonic fluid intravenously to help with rehydration.

C

The nurse is caring for a 4-month-old who has just had an isolated cleft lip repaired. Select the best position for the child in the immediate postoperative period. A. right side-lying B. left side-lying C. supine D. prone

C

The nurse is caring for a 4-month-old with GER. The infant is due to receive omeprazole (Prilosec). Based on the medication's mechanism of action, when should this medication be administered? A. immediately before feeding B. 30 minutes after the feeding C. 60 minutes before the feeding D. at bedtime

C

The parent of a 5-year-old states that the child has had diarrhea for 24 hours, vomited twice 2 hours ago, and now claims to be thirsty. The parent asks what to offer the child because the child is refusing Pedialyte. Which is the nurse's most appropriate response? A. "You can offer clear diet soda such as SPrite and ginger ale." B. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child, who, if thirsty enough, will eventually drink it" C. "Pedialyte is really the best thing for your child. Allow your child some choice in the way to take it by offering small amounts in a spoon, medicine cup, or syringe." D. "It really does not matter what your child drinks as long as it is kept down. Try offering small amounts of fluids in medicine cups."

C

The parents of a child hospitalized with MCNS ask why the last blood test revealed elevated lipids. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "If your child had just eaten a fatty meal, the lipids may have been falsely elevated." B. "It is not unusual to see elevated lipids in children because of the dietary habits of today." C. "Because your child is losing so much protein, the liver is stimulated and makes more lipids." D. "Your child's blood is very concentrated because pf the edema, so the lipids are falsely elevated."

C

Which child does not need a urinalysis to evaluate for a UTI? A. A 4-month-old female presenting with a 2-day history of fussiness and poor appetite; current vital signs include axillary T 100.8°F (38.2°C) and HR of 120 bpm. B. A 4-year-old female who states, "It hurts when I pee"; she has been urinating every 30 minutes; vital signs are within normal range. C. An 8-year-old male presenting with a finger laceration; mother states he had surgical re-implantation of his ureters 2 years ago. D. A 12-year-old female complaining of pain to her lower right back; she denies any burning or frequency at this time; oral temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C).

C

Which combination of signs is commonly associated with glomerulonephritis? A. Massive proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urinary output, and lethargy. B. Mild proteinuria, increased urinary output, and lethargy. C. Mild proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urinary output, and lethargy. D. Massive proteinuria, decreased urinary output, and hypotension.

C

Which finding requires immediate attention in a child with glomerulonephritis? A. Sleeping most of the day and being very cranky when awake, blood pressure is 170/90. B. Urine output is 190 mL in an 8 hr period and is the color of cola. C. Complaining of a severe headache and photophobia. D. Refusing breakfast and lunch and stating he is "just not hungry."

C

Which laboratory results besides hematuria are most consistent with HUS? A. Massive proteinuria, elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. B. Mild proteinuria, decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. C. Mild proteinuria, increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. D. Massive proteinuria, decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine.

C

An expectant mother asks the nurse if her new baby will have umbilical hernia. The nurse bases the response on the fact that it occurs: A. More often in large infants B. In white infants more often than an African-American infants C. Twice as often in male infants D. More often in premature infants

D

In addition to increased blood pressure, which findings would most likely be found in a child with hydronephrosis? A. Metabolic alkalosis and positive renal ultrasound B. Metabolic acidosis and negative renal ultrasound C. Metabolic alkalosis and bacterial growth in the urine D. Metabolic acidosis, polydipsia, and polyuria

D

More education about NEC is needed in a nursing in-service when one of the participants states: A. "Encouraging the mother to pump her milk for the feedings helps prevent NEC." B. "Some sources state that the occurrence of NEC has increased because so many preterm infants are surviving." C. "When signs of sepsis appear, the infant will likely deteriorate quickly." D. "NEC occurs only in preemies and low-birth-weight infants."

D

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old with celiac disease. The nurse knows that the patient understands the diet instructions by ordering which of the following meals? A. eggs, bacon, rye toast, and lactose-free milk B. pancakes, orange juice, and sausage links C. oat cereal, breakfast pastry, and nonfat skim milk D. cheese, banana slices, rice cakes and whole milk

D

The nurse is caring for an 8-week-old male client who has just been diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. The parents ask what they should expect. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "It is really an easy disease to manage. Most children are placed on stool softeners to help with constipation until it resolves." B. "A permanent stool diversion, called a colostomy, will be placed by the surgeon to bypass the narrowed area." C. "Daily bowel irritations will help your child maintain regular bowel habits." D. "ALthough your child will require surgery, there are different ways to manage the disease, depending on how much bowel involved."

D

The nurse is to receive a 4-year-old from the recovery room after an appendectomy. The parents have not seen the child since surgery and ask what to expect. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Your child will be very sleepy, have an IV line in the hand, and have a nasal tube to help drain the stomach. If your child needs pain medication, it will be given intravenously." B. "Your child will be very sleepy, have an IV line in the hand, and have white stockings to help prevent blood clots. If your child needs pain medication, we will give it intravenously or provide a liquid to swallow." C. "Your child will be wide awake and will have an IV line in the hand. If your child needs pain medication, we will give it intravenously or provide a liquid to swallow." D. "Your child will be very sleepy and have an IV line in the hand. If your child needs pain medication, we will give it intravenously.

D

The nurse receives a call from the parent of a 10-month-old who has vomited three times in the past 8 hours. The parent describes the baby as playful and wanting to drink. The parent asks the nurse what to give the child. Select the nurse's best response. A. "Replace the next feeding with regular water, and see if that is better tolerated." B. "Do not allow your baby to eat any solids; give half the normal formula feeding, and see if that is better tolerated." C. "Do not let your baby eat or drink anything for 24 hours to give the stomach a chance to rest." D. "Give your child 1/2 ounce of Pedialyte every 10 minutes. If vomiting continues, wait an hour, and then repeat what you previously gave."

D

The nurse will soon receive a 4-month-old who has been diagnosed with intussusception. The infant is described as very lethargic with the following vital signs: T 101.8°F (38.7°C), HR 181, BP 68/38. The reporting nurse states the infant's abdomen is very rigid. Which is the most appropriate action for the receiving nurse? A. Prepare to accompany the infant to a computed tomography scan to confirm the diagnosis. B. Prepare to accompany the infant to the radiology department for a reducing enema. C. Prepare to start a second intravenous line to administer fluids and antibiotics. D. Prepare to get the infant ready for immediate surgical correction.

D

The parent of a newborn asks, "Will my baby spit out the formula if it's too hot or too cold?" Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Babies have a tendency to reject hot fluids but not cold fluids, which could result in abdominal discomfort." B. "Babies have a tendency to reject cold fluids but not hot fluids, which could result in esophageal burns." C. "Your baby would most likely spit out formula that was too hot, but your baby could swallow some of it, which could result in a burn." D. "Your baby is too young to be physically capable of spitting out fluids and will automatically swallow anything."

D

The parents of a newborn diagnosed with a cleft lip and palate ask the nurse when their child's lip and palate will most likely be repaired. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "The palate and the lip are usually repaired in the first few weeks of life so that the baby can grow and gain weight." B. "The palate and the lip are usually not repaired until the baby is approximately 6 months old so that the mouth has had enough time to grow." C. "The lip is repaired in the first few months of life, but the palate is not usually repaired until the child is 3 years old." D. "The lip is repaired in the first few weeks of life, but the palate is not usually repaired until the child is 18 months old."

D

Which is the best way to obtain a urine sample in an 8-month-old being evaluated for a UTI A. Carefully cleanse the perineum from front to back and apply a self-adhesive urine collection bag to the perineum. B. Insert an indwelling foley catheter, obtain the sample, and wait for results. C. Place a sterile cotton ball in the diaper and immediately obtain the sample with a syringe after the first void. D. Using a straight catheter, obtain the sample, and immediately remove the catheter without waiting for results of the sample.

D

Which medication would most likely be included in the postoperative care of a child with repair of bladder exstrophy? A. Furosemide (Lasix) B. Mannitol C. Meperidine (Demerol) D. Oxybutynin (Ditropan)

D

Which should be the nurse's immediate action when a newborn begins to cough and choke and becomes cyanotic while feeding? A. Inform the healthcare provider of the situation. B. Have the mother stop feeding the infant, and observed to see if the choking episode resolves on his own. C. Immediately determine the infant's oxygen saturation and have the mother stop feeding the infant. D. Take the infant from the mother and administer blow-by oxygen by obtaining the infants oxygen saturation.

D

Which should the nurse teach a group of girls and parents about the importance of preventing UTIs? A. Avoiding constipation has no effect on the occurrence of UTIs B. After urinating, always wipe from back to front to prevent fecal contamination C. Hygiene is an important preventive measure and can be accomplished with frequent tub baths. D. Increasing fluids will help prevent and treat UTIs

D

Which manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a child in the early stages of acute hepatitis? A. nausea, vomiting, and generalized malaise B. nausea, vomiting, and pain in the left upper quadrant C. generalized malaise and yellowing of the skin and sclera D. Yellowing of the skin and sclera without any other generalized complaints

A

Which would the nurse expect to hear the parents of an infant with an incarcerated hernia report? A. Acute onset of pain, abdominal distention, and a mass that cannot be reduced. B. Gradual onset of pain, abdominal distention, and a mass that cannot be reduced. C. Acute onset of pain, abdominal distention, and a mass that is easily reduced. D. Gradual onset of pain, abdominal distention, and a mass that is easily reduced.

A

The parents of a child with glomerulonephritis ask how they will know their child is improving after they go home. Which are the nurse's best responses? Select all that apply. A. "Your child's urine output will increase, and the urine will become less tea-colored." B. "Your child will have more energy as laboratory tests become more normal." C. "Your child's appetite will decrease as urine output increases." D. "Your child's laboratory values will become more normal." E. "Your child's weight will increase as the urine becomes less tea-colored."

A, E

The nurse evaluates the parent's understanding of the teaching about an inguinal hernia as successful when they say which of the following? A. "There are no risks associated with waiting to have the hernia reduced, surgery is done for cosmetic reasons." B. "It is normal to see the bulge in the baby's groin decrease with a bowel movement." C. "We will wait for surgery until the baby is older because narcotics for pain control will be required for several days." D. "It is normal for the bulge in the baby's groin to look smaller when the baby is asleep."

D

The nurse evaluates the postoperative teaching for repair of testicular torsion as successful when the parent of an adolescent says which of the following? A. "I will encourage him to rest for a few days, but he can return to football practice in a week." B. "I will keep him in bed for 4 days and let him gradually increase his activity after that." C. "I will seek therapy as he ages because he is now infertile." D. "I will make sure he does testicular self-exams monthly."

D

The nurse is caring for a 1 yr old diagnosed with AKI. Edema is noted throughout the child's body, and the liver is enlarged. The child's urine output is less than 0.5mL/kg/hr and vital signs are as follows: HR 146, BP 176/92, and RR 42. The child is note to have nasal flaring and retractions with inspiration. The lung sounds are coarse throughout. Despite receiving oral sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexelate), the child's serum potassium still continues to rise. Which treatment will provide the most benefit to the child? A. Additional rectal sodium polystyrene sulfonate B. IV furosemide (lasix) C. Endotracheal intubation and ventilatory assistance D. Placement of a Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis

D

The parent of a 3-year-old is shocked to hear the diagnosis of Wilms tumor and says "How could I have missed a lump this big?" Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Do not be hard on yourself. It is easy to overlook something that has probably been growing for months when we see our child on a regular basis." B. "I understand you must be very upset. Your child would have had a better prognosis had you caught it earlier." C. "It really takes a trained professional to recognize something like this." D. "Do not blame yourself. This mass grows so fast that it was probably not noticeable a few days ago."

D

The parents of a 7-year-old tell the nurse they do not understand the difference between CKD and AKI. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "There is really not much difference because the terms are used interchangeably." B. "Most children experience AKI. It is highly unusual for a child to experience CKD." C. "CKD tends to occur suddenly and is irreversible." D. "AKI is often reversible, whereas CKD results in permanent deterioration of kidney function."

D

Which would be an appropriate activity for the nurse to recommend to the parent of a preschooler just diagnosed with acute hepatitis? A. climbing in a playscape B. kicking a ball C. playing video games in bed D. playing with puzzles in bed

D

A child had a tonsillectomy 6 days ago and was seen in the emergency room 4 hours ago due to post-operative hemorrhage. The parent noted that her child was "swallowing a lot and finally began vomiting large amounts of blood." The child's vital signs are as follows: T 99.5°F (37.5°C), HR 124, BP 84/48, and RR 26. The nurse knows that this child is at risk for which type of renal problem? A. CKD due to advanced disease process. B. Prerenal failure due to dehydration. C. Primary kidney damage due to a lack of urine flowing through the system. D. Postrenal failure due to a hypotensive state.

B

The nurse anticipates that the child who has had a kidney removed will have a high level of pain and will require invasive and noninvasive measures for pain relief. The nurse anticipates that the child will have pain because of which of the following? A. The kidney is removed laparoscopically, and there will be residual pain from accumulated air in the abdomen B. There is a postoperative shift of fluids and organs in the abdominal cavity, leading to increased discomfort C. The chemotherapy makes the child more sensitive to pain D. The radiation therapy makes the child less sensitive to pain

B

The parents of a 6-week-old male ask the nurse if there is a difference between an inguinal hernia and a hydrocele. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "The terms are used interchangeably and mean the same thing." B. "The symptoms are similar, but an inguinal hernia occurs when tissue protrudes into the groin, whereas a hydrocele is a fluid-filled mass in the scrotum." C. "A hydrocele is the term used when an inguinal hernia occurs in females." D. "A hydrocele presents in a manner similar to that of an inguinal hernia but causes increased concern because it is often malignant."

B

The parents overhear the health-care team refer to their child's disease as in stage III. The parents ask the nurse what this means. Which is the nurse's best response? A. The tumor is confined to the abdomen, but it has spread to the lymph nodes or peritoneal area; the prognosis is poor. B. The tumor is confined to the abdomen, but it has spread to the lymph nodes or peritoneal area; the prognosis is very good. C. The tumor has been found in three other organs beyond the peritoneal area; the prognosis is good. D. The tumor has spread to other organs beyond the peritoneal area; the prognosis is poor.

B

Which best describes the electrolyte imbalance that occurs in CKD? A. Decreased serum phosphorus and calcium levels B. Depletion of phosphorus and calcium stores from the bones C. Change in the structure of the bones, causing calcium to remain in the bones D. Nutritional needs are poorly met, leading to a decrease in many electrolytes such as calcium and phosphorus

B

Which manifestations suggests that an infant is developing NEC? A. absorption of bolus orogastric feedings at a faster rate than previous feedings. B. bloody diarrhea C. increased bowel sounds D. appears hungry right before a scheduled feeding

B

Which protrusion into the groin of a female most likely causes inguinal hernias? A. Bowel. B. Fallopian tube. C. Large thrombus formation. D. Muscle tissue.

B

A child diagnosed with a Wilms tumor is scheduled for an MRI scan of the lungs. The parent asks the nurse the reason of this test, as a Wilms tumor involves the kidney, not the lung. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "I'm not sure why your child is going for this test. I will check and get back to you." B. "It sounds like we made a mistake. I will check and get back to you." C. "The test is done to check whether the disease has spread to the lungs." D. "We want to check the lungs to make sure your child is healthy enough to tolerate surgery."

C

A child is diagnosed with chronic constipation that has been unresponsive to dietary and activity changes. which pharmacological measure is most appropriate? A. natural supplements and herbs B. stimulant laxative C. osmotic agent D. pharmacological measures are not used in pediatric constipation

C

A renal transplantation is which of the following? A. A curative procedure that will free the child from any more treatment modalities B. An ideal treatment option for families with a history of dialysis noncompliance C. A treatment option that will free the child from dialysis D. A treatment option that is very new to the pediatric population

C

The diet for a child with CKD should be high in calories and should include: A. Low protein and all minerals and electrolytes B. Low protein and minerals C. High protein and calcium, low potassium and phosphorus D. High protein, phosphorus, and calcium with low potassium and sodium

C

The parent of a 7-year-old voices concern over the child's continued bed-wetting at night. The parent, on going to bed, has tried getting the child up at 11:30 pm, but the child still wakes up wet. Which is the nurse's best response about what the parent should do next? A. "There is a medication called DDAVP that decreases the volume of the urine. The physician thinks that will work for your child." B. "When your child wakes up wet, be very firm and indicate how displeased you are. Have your child change the sheets to see how much work is involved." C. "Limit fluids in the evening and start a new reward system in which your child can choose a reward after a certain number of dry nights." D. "Bed-wetting alarms are readily available, and most children do very well with them."

C

The parent of a child diagnosed with AKI asks the nurse why peritoneal dialysis was selected instead of hemodialysis. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Hemodialysis is not used in the pediatric population." B. "Peritoneal dialysis has no complications, so it is a treatment used without hesitation." C. "Peritoneal dialysis removed fluid at a slower rate than hemodialysis, so many complications are avoided." D. "Peritoneal dialysis is much more efficient than hemodialysis."

C

The parents of a 4-year-old ask the nurse how to manage their child's constipation. Select the nurse's best response. A. "Add 2 ounces of apple or pear juice to the child's diet." B. "Be sure your child eats a lot of fresh fruit such as apples and bananas." C. "Encourage your child to drink more fluids." D. "Decrease bulky foods such as whole-grain bread and brown rice."

C

Which is the best position for an 8-year-old who has just returned to the pediatric unit after an appendectomy for a ruptured appendix? A. semi-fowler B. prone C. right side-lying D. left side-lying

C

Which would the nurse expect to be included to make the diagnosis of celiac disease in a child? A. obtain complete blood count and serum electrolytes B. obtain complete blood count and stool samples; keep child NPO C. obtain stool sample and prepare child for jejunal biopsy. D. obtain complete blood count and serum electrolytes; monitor child's response to gluten-containing diet.

C

Which would the nurse expect to find on assessment in a child with Wilms tumor? A. Decreased blood pressure, increased temperature, and a firm mass located in one flank area. B. Increased blood pressure, normal temperature, and a firm mass located in one flank area. C. Increased blood pressure, normal temperature, and a firm mass located on one side of the midline of the abdomen. D. Decreased blood pressure, normal temperature, and a firm mass located on one side or the other of the midline of the abdomen.

C

Chronic hypertension in the child who has CKD is due to which of the following? A. Retention of sodium and water B. Obstruction of the urinary system C. Accumulation of waste products in the body D. Generalized metabolic alkalosis

A

During hemodialysis, the nurse notes that a 10 yr old becomes confused and restless. The child complains of a headache and has generalized muscle twitching. This can be prevented by which of the following? A. Slowing the rate of solute removal during dialysis B. Ensuring the patient is warm during dialysis C. Administering antibiotics before dialysis D. Obtaining an accurate weight the night before dialysis

A

The manifestations of HUS are due primarily to which event? A. The swollen lining of the small blood vessels damage the red blood cells, which are then removed by the spleen, leading to anemia. B. There is a disturbance of the glomerular basement membrane, allowing large proteins to pass through. C. The red blood cell changes shape, causing it to obstruct microcirculation. D. There is a depression in the production of all formed elements of the blood.

A

A 13-month-old is discharged following repair of his epispadias. Which statement made by the parents indicates they understand the discharge teaching? A. "If a mucous plug forms in the urinary drainage tube, we will irrigate it gently to prevent a blockage." B. "If a mucous plug forms in the urinary drainage tube, we will allow it to pass on its own because this is a sign of healing." C. "We will make sure the dressing is loosely applied to increase the toddler's comfort." D. "If we notice any yellow drainage, we will know that everything is healing well."

A

A child receiving peritoneal dialysis has not been having adequate volume in the return. The child is currently edematous and hypertensive. Which would the nurse anticipate the hcp to do? A. Increase the glucose concentration of the dialysate B. Decrease the glucose concentration of the dialysate C. Administer antihypertensives and diuretics but not change the dialysate concentration D. Decrease the dwell time of the dialysate

A

The nurse is interviewing the parents of a 6-year-old who has been experiencing constipation. Which could be a causative factor? Select all that apply. A. hypothyroidism B. muscular dystrophy C. myelomeningocele D. drinks a lot of milk E. active in sports

A, B, C, D

A 10-kg toddler is diagnosed with AKI, is afebrile, and has a 24-hour urine output of 110 mL. After calculating daily fluid maintenance, which would the nurse expect the toddler's daily allotment of fluids to be? A. Sips of clear fluids and ice chips only. B. 350 mL of oral and intravenous fluids. C. 1000 mL of oral and intravenous fluids. D. 2000 mL of oral and intravenous fluids.

B

A 4-month-old has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The infant is fussy, and the anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes the infant does not produce tears when crying. Which task will help confirm the diagnosis of dehydration? A. urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen B. urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization C. analysis of serum electrolytes D. analysis of cerebrospinal fluid

C

One week after kidney transplant, a child complains about abdominal pain, and the parents note that the child has been very fussy. The nurse notes a 10% weight gain as well as elevated BUN and creatinine. Which of the following medications would the child most likely be taking? A. Codeine tablets B. Furosemide (lasix) C. Polyethylene glycol 3350 (MiraLAX) D. Corticosteroids

D

The bladder capacity of a 3 yr old is approximately how much? A. 1.5 fl oz B. 3 fl oz C. 4 fl oz D. 5 fl oz

D

A 10-year-old is being evaluated for possible appendicitis and complains of nausea and sharp abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. An abdominal ultrasound is scheduled, and a blood count has been obtained. The child vomits, finds the pain relieved, and calls the nurse. Which should be the nurse's next action? A. cancel the ultrasound and obtain an order for oral ondansetron (Zofran) B. cancel the ultrasound and prepare to administer an IV bolus C. prepare for the probable discharge of the patient D. immediately notify the healthcare provider of the child's status

D

A parent asks the nurse how to prevent the child from having MCNS again. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "It is very rare for a child to have a relapse once being fully recovered." B. "Unfortunately, many children have cycles of relapse, and there is very little that can be done to prevent it." C. "Your child is much less likely to get sick again if sodium is decreased in the diet." D. "Try to keep your child away from sick children because relapses have been associated with infectious diseases."

D

Which should the nurse include in the plan of care to decrease symptoms of GER in a 2-month-old? Select all that apply. A. PLace the infant in an infant seat immediately after feedings. B. Place the infant in the prone position immediately after feeding to decrease the risk of aspiration. C. Encourage the parents not to worry because most infants outgrow GER within the first year of life. D. Encourage the parents to hold the infant in an upright position for 30 minutes following a feeding. E. Suggest that the parents burp the infant after every 1-2 ounces consumed.

D, E

What is the primary reason a renal ultrasound would be ordered?

Performed to look for structural anomalies or vascular compromise

What are the diagnostic criteria to make the diagnosis of colic in an infant?

The diagnostic criteria for colic are crying three hours per day, three days per week for three weeks. The signs of colic usually begin in an infant at approximately 3 to 4 weeks old.

Which of the following lab results would be of concern? Select all that apply. A. Urinalysis with 1+ protein B. Urinalysis with positive nitrates C. BUN of 15mg/dL D. Serum creatinine of 0.7 umol/L E. Colony amount of 50,000 of a bacterium

B, E

Which would the nurse most likely find in the history of a child with HUS? Select all that apply. A. Frequent UTIs and possible VUR B. Vomiting and diarrhea before admission C. Bee sting and localized edema of the site for 3 days D. Previously healthy with no signs of illness E. Anorexia and bruising

B, E

A 5-year-old is discharged from the hospital following the diagnosis of HUS. The child has been free from diarrhea for 1 week, and renal function has returned. The parent asks the nurse when the child can return to school. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Immediately, your child is no longer contagious." B. "It would be best to keep your child home for a few more weeks because the immune system is weak, and therefore there could be a relapse of HUS." C. "Your child will still be contagious for approximately another 10 days, so it is best to not allow them to return just yet." D. "It would be best to keep your child home to monitor urinary output."

C

A child diagnosed with AKI complains of "not feeling well" and "having butterflies in the chest" and their arms and legs feeling "like Jell-O." The cardiac monitor shows that the QRS complex is wider than it was and that an occasional premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is seen. Which should the nurse expect to administer? A. An isotonic saline solution with 20mEq KCl/L B. Sodium bicarbonate via slow IV push C. Calcium gluconate via slow IV push D. Oral potassium supplements

C

The nurse is caring for a 12 yr old receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse notes the return to be cloudy, and the child is complaining of abdominal pain. The child's parents ask what the next step will likely be. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "We will probably place antibiotics in the dialysis fluids before the next dwell time." B. "Many children experience cloudy returns. We do not usually worry abut it." C. "We will probably give your child some oral antibiotics just to make sure nothing else develops." D. "The abdominal pain is likely due to the fluid going in too slowly. We will increase the rate of the administration with the next fill."

A

The nurse is caring for a child due for surgery on a Wilms tumor. The child's procedure will consist of which of the following? A. Only the affected kidney will be removed B. Both the affected kidney and the other kidney will be removed in case of recurrence C. The mass will be removed from the affected kidney D. The mass will be removed from the affected kidney, and a biopsy of the tissue of the unaffected kidney will be done

A

A 4 week old infant presents to the clinic with a temperature of 101.6 degrees F, fussiness, decreased appetite, and normal physical exam. Which is the next management step? Select all that apply. A. Perform a urinary catheterization B. Start IV fluids C. Draw serum electrolytes D. Draw a blood culture E. Administer acetaminophen

A, E

The nurse is caring for an infant newly diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. What does the nurse understand about the infant's condition? Select all that apply. A. There is a lack of peristalsis in the large intestine and an accumulation of bowel content, leading to abdominal distention. B. There is excessive peristalsis throughout the intestine, resulting in abdominal distension. C. There is a small-bowel obstruction, leading to ribbon-like stools D. There is inflammation throughout the large intestine, leading to accumulation of intestinal contents and abdominal distention. E. There is an accumulation of bowel contents, leading to non-passage of stools.

A, E

The parents of a 3 yr old are concerned that the child is having "more accidents" during the day. Which question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask to obtain more information? Select all that apply. A. "Has there been a stressful event in the child's life, such as the birth of a sibling?" B. " Has anyone else in the family had problems with accidents?" C. "Does your child seem to be drinking more than usual?" D. "Is your child fussier than usual, and do they seem to be in pain when urinating?" E. "Is your child having difficulties at preschool?"

A, B, C, D

Which child may need extra fluid to prevent dehydration? Select all that apply. A. 7-day-old receiving phototherapy B. 6-month-old with newly diagnosed pyloric stenosis C. 2-yaer-old with pneumonia D. 2-year-old with full-thickness burns to the chest, back, and abdomen E. 13-year-old who has just started her menses

A, B, C, D

Which of the following are appropriate medications for the acute treatment inflammatory bowel disease? Select all that apply. A. Prednisone B. Cefdinir (Omnicef) C. Metronidazole (Flagyl) D. Amoxicillin E. Polytrim (polymyxin B)

A, C

Which should be included in the plan of care for a 14-month-old whose cleft palate was repaired 12 hours ago? Select all that apply. A. Allow the infant to have familiar items of comfort, such as a favorite stuffed animal and a sippy cup. B. Once liquids have been tolerated, encourage a bland diet such as soup, Jell-O, and saltine crackers. C. Administer pain medication on a regular schedule, as opposed to an as-needed schedule. D. Use a Yankauer suction catheter in the infants mouth to decrease the risk of aspiration of oral secretions. E. When discharge, remove elbow restraints.

A, C

A child had a UTI 3 months ago and was treated with an oral antibiotic. A follow-up urinalysis reveals normal results. The child has had no other problems until this visit when the child is complaining of burning with urination. Which is the most appropriate plan? Select all that apply. A. Obtain urinalysis and urine culture B. Evaluate for renal failure C. Admit to the pediatric unit D. Send home with antibiotic if the urinalysis is positive E. Schedule a VCUG

A, D

Which instructions for a child diagnosed with encopresis should the nurse question? Select all that apply. A. limit the intake of milk B. offer a diet high in protein C. obtain a complete dietary log D. follow up with a child psychologist E. after dinner, have the child sit on the toilet for 10 minutes

B, D

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a child who had an appendectomy for a ruptured appendix 3 days ago. The nurse knows that further education is required when the parent states which of the following? Select all that apply. A. "We will wait a few days before allowing our child to return to school." B. "We will wait 2 weeks before allowing our child to return to sports." C. "We will call the healthcare provider's office if we notice any drainage around the wound." D. "We will encourage our child to go for walks every day." E. "We will encourage our child to eat at every meal and offer snacks."

B, C

Which is true of a Wilms tumor? Select all that apply. A. It is also referred to as a neuroblastoma B. It can occur at any age but is seen most often between the ages of 2 and 5. C. It can occur on its own or can be associated with many congenital anomalies D. It is a slow growing tumor E. It is associated with a poor prognosis

B, C

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old who has just returned from having an appendectomy. Which is the optimal way to manage pain? A. IV morphine is needed B. Liquid acetaminophen (Tylenol) with codeine as needed C. Morphine administered through a PCA pump D. Intramuscular morphine as needed

C

A child with HUS is very pale and lethargic. Stools have progressed from watery to bloody diarrhea. Blood work indicates low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. The child has not had any urine output in the last 24 hrs. The nurse expects administration of blood products and what else to be added to the plan of care? A. Initiation of dialysis. B. Close observation of the child's hemodynamic status. C. Diuretic therapy to force urinary output. D. Monitoring of urinary output.

A

The nurse is caring for a newborn with esophageal atresia. When reviewing the mother's history, which would the nurse expect to find? A. Maternal polyhydramnios B. Pregnancy lasting more than 38 weeks C. Poor nutrition during pregnancy D. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy

A

An adolescent presents with right upper-quadrant pain sometimes radiating to the back, no fever, and vomiting. Which is the most likely diagnosis? A. appendicitis B. cholecystitis C. inflammatory bowel disease D. peptic ulcer disease

B

A 4-month-old baby is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration. Their heart rate is 198, and her blood pressure is 68/38. The infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes that the infant does not cry when the IV line is inserted. The child's parents state that she has not "held anything down" in 18 hours. The nurse obtains a fingerstick blood sugar of 94. Which would the nurse expect to do immediately? A. administer a bolus of normal saline B. administer a bolus of D10W C. administer a bolus of normal saline with 5% dextrose added to the solution D. offer the child an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte

A

The nurse receives a call from the mother of a 6-month-old who describes her child as alternately sleepy and fussy. She states that her infant vomited once this morning and had two episodes of diarrhea. The last episode contained mucus and a small amount of blood. She asks the nurse what she should do. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "Your infant will need to have some tests in the emergency department to determine whether anything serious is going on. " B. "Try feeding your infant in about 30 minutes; in the event of repeat vomiting, bring the infant to the emergency department for some tests and IV rehydration. " C. "Many infants display these symptoms when they develop an allergy to the formula they are receiving; try switching to a soy based formula. " D. "Do not worry about the blood and mucus in the store; it is not unusual for infants to have blood in their stool because their intestines are more sensitive. "

A

The parent of a child being evaluated for celiac disease asks the nurse why it is important to make dietary changes. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "The body's response to gluten causes damage to the mucosal cells in the intestine, leading to absorption problems." B. "The body's response to consumption of anything containing gluten is to create special cells called villi, which leads to more diarrhea." C. "The body's response to gluten causes the intestine to become more porous and hand on to more of the fat-soluble vitamins, leading to vitamin toxicity." D. "THe body's response to gluten causes damage to the mucosal cells, leading to malabsorption of water and hard, constipated stools."

A

Which causes the clinical manifestations of hydronephrosis? A. A structural abnormality in the urinary system causes urine to back up and can cause pressure and cell death. B. A structural abnormality causes urine to flow too freely through the urinary system, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances. C. Decreased production of urine in one or both kidneys results in an electrolyte imbalance. D. Urine with an abnormal electrolyte balance and concentration leads to increased blood pressure and subsequent increased glomerular filtration rate.

A

Which causes the symptoms in testicular torsion? A. Twisting of the spermatic cord interrupts the blood supply. B. Swelling of the scrotal sac leads to testicular displacement. C. Unmanaged undescended testes cause testicular displacement. D. Microthrombi formation in the vessels of the spermatic cord causes interruption of the blood supply.

A

Which child is at risk for developing glomerulonephritis? A. A 3 yr old who had impetigo one week ago. B. A 5 yr old with a history of 5 UTIs in the previous year. C. a 6 yr old with a new onset of Type 1 diabetes. D. A 10 yr old recovering from viral pneumonia.

A

Which foods should be offered to a child with hepatitis? A. a tuna sandwich on whole-wheat bread and a cup of skim milk B. clear liquids, such as broth, and Jell-O C. a hamburger, French fries, and a diet soda D. a peanut butter sandwich and a milkshake

A

Which is a care priority for a newborn diagnosed with bladder exstrophy and a malformed pelvis? A. Change the diaper frequently and assess for skin breakdown. B. Keep the exposed bladder open in a warm and dry environment to avoid any heat loss. C. Offer formula for infant growth and fluid management. D. Cluster all care to allow the child to sleep, grow, and gain strength for the upcoming surgical repair.

A

Which is an accurate description of a Kasai procedure? A. A palliative procedure in which the bile duct is attached to a loop of bowel to assist with bile drainage. B. A curative procedure in which a connection is made between the bile duct and a loop of bowel to assist with bile drainage. C. A curative procedure in which the bile duct is banded to prevent bile leakage. D. A palliative procedure in which the bile duct is banded to prevent bile leakage.

A

Which manifestation would the nurse expect to see in a 4-week-old infant with biliary atresia? A. abdominal distention, enlarged liver, enlarged spleen, clay-colored stool, and tea-colored urine B. abdominal distention, multiple bruises, blood stools, and hematuria C. yellow sclera and skin tones, excessively oily skin, and prolonged bleeding times D. no manifestations until the disease has progressed to the advanced stage

A

Which should be included in the plan of care for a child diagnosed with hydronephrosis? A. Intake and output, as well as vital signs, should be strictly monitored B. Fluids and sodium in the diet should be limited C. Steroids should be administered as ordered D. Limited contact with other people to avoid infection

A

Which statement by a parent is most consistent with MCNS? A. "My child missed 2 days of school last week because of a really bad cold." B. "After camping last week, my child's legs were covered in bug bites." C. "My child came home from school a week ago because of vomiting and stomach cramps." D. "We have a pet turtle, but no one washes their hands after playing with the turtle."

A

The clinical manifestations of MCNS are caused by which of the following? A. Chemical changes in the composition of albumin. B. Increased permeability of the glomeruli. C. Obstruction of the capillaries of the glomeruli. D. Loss of the kidney's ability to excrete waste and concentrate urine.

B

A child with MCNS has generalized edema. The skin appears stretched, and areas of breakdown are noted over the bony prominences. The child has been receiving furosemide (Lasix) twice daily for several days. What does the nurse expect to be included in the treatment plan to reduce edema? A. An increase in the amount and frequency of furosemide. B. Addition of a second diuretic, such as mannitol. C. Administration of IV albumin. D. Elimination of all fluids and sodium from the child's diet.

C

An adolescent woke up complaining of intense pain and swelling of the scrotal area and abdominal pain. He has vomited twice. What should the nurse suggest? A. Encourage him to drink clear fluids until the vomiting subsides and if he gets worse, bring him to the emergency department. B. Bring him to the hcp's office for evaluation C. Take him to the emergency department immediately. D. Encourage him to rest, apply ice to the scrotal area, and go to the emergency department if the pain does not improve.

C

An infant is scheduled for a hypospadias and chordee repair. The parent asks the nurse, "I understand why the hypospadias repair is necessary, but do they have to fix the chordee as well?" Which is the nurse's best response? A. "I understand your concern. Parents do not want their children to undergo extra surgery." B. "The chordee repair is done strictly for cosmetic reasons that may affect your son as he ages." C. "The repair is done to optimize sexual functioning when he is older." D. "This is the best time to repair the chordee because he will be having surgery anyway."

C

The mother of a newborn asks the nurse why the infant has to nurse so frequently. Which is the best response? A. Formula tends to be more calorically dense, and formula-fed babies require fewer feedings than breastfed babies. B. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is slow. C. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is more rapid than in older children. D. Breastfed babies tend to take longer than formula-fed babies to complete a feeding.

C

The nurse is caring for a 1-month-old term infant who experienced an anoxic episode at birth. The healthcare team suspects that the infant is developing NEC. Which would the nurse expect to be included in the plan of care? A. immediately remove the feeding NGT from the infant B. obtain vital signs q 4 hrs. C. prepare to administer antibiotics intravenously D. change feeding to half-strength, and administer slowly via a feeding pump

C

The nurse is caring for a 5-month-old infant with a diagnosis of intussusception. The infant has periods of fussiness during which of the knees are brought to the chest and the infant cries, alternating with periods of lethargy. Vital signs are stable and within age-appropriate limits. The health-care provider elects to give an enema. The parents ask the purpose of the enema. Which is the nurse's most appropriate response? A. "The enema will confirm the diagnosis. If the test results is positive, your child will need to have surgery to correct the intussusception. " B. "The animal will confirm the diagnosis. Although very unlikely, the enema we also help to fix the intussusception so that your child will not immediately need surgery. " C. "The enema will help confirm the diagnosis and has a good chance of fixing the antisteception. " D. "The enema will help confirm the diagnosis it may temporarily fix the anticiception. At the ball returns to normal, there's a strong likelihood that the antistception will recur." And

C

The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old with diarrhea. The child has not vomited and is mildly dehydrated. Which is likely to be included in the discharge teaching? A. administer loperamide (Imodium) as needed B. administer bismuth subsalicylate (Kaopectate) as needed C. continue breastfeeding per routine D. the infant may return to daycare 24 hours after antibiotics have been started

C

The nurse is caring for a newborn w/ an anorectal malformation and a colostomy. The nurse knows that more education is needed when the infant's parent states which of the following? A. "I will make sure the stoma is red." B. "There should not be any discharge or irritation around the outside of the stoma." C. "I will keep a bag attached to avoid the contents of the small intestine coming in contact with the baby's skin." D. "As my baby grows, a pattern will develop over time, and there should be predictable bowel movements."

C

The nurse is caring for a newborn with hypospadias. His parents ask if circumcision is an option. What is the nurse's best response? A. "Circumcision is a fading practice and now contraindicated in most children." B. "Circumcision in children with hypospadias is recommended because it helps prevent infection." C. "Circumcision is an option, but it cannot be done at this time." D. "Circumcision can never be performed in a child with hypospadias."

C

The nurse is caring for an 8-week-old infant being evaluated for pyloric stenosis. Which statement by the parent would be typical for a child with this diagnosis? A. "The baby is a very fussy eater and just does not want to eat. " B. "The baby tends to have a very forceful vomiting episode about 30 minutes after most feedings. " C. "The baby is always hungry after vomiting, so I feed her again. " D. "The baby is happy in spite of getting really upset after spitting up. "

C

The nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. The parent asks if any future children will likely have pyloric stenosis. Which is the nurse's best response? A. "You seem worried; would you like to discuss your concerns?" B. "It is very rare for a family to have more than one child with pyloric stenosis. " C. "Pyloric stenosis can run in families. It is more common among males. " D. "Although there can be a genetic link, it is very unusual for girls to have pyloric stenosis. "

C

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the parent of a 1-month-old infant which tracheoesophageal fistula and a GT. The nurse knows the mother understands the discharge teaching when she states: A. "I will give my baby feedings throughout the GT but place liquid medications in the corner of the mouth to be absorbed." B. "I will flush the GT with 2 ounces of water after each feeding to prevent the GT from clogging. " C. "I will clean the area around the GT every day. " D. "I will play petroleum jelly around the GT if any redness develops. "

C