peds nclex & eaqs 25,26,27,29,31

The pediatric nurse is providing discharge instructions to parents whose infant is prescribed Synthroid for the medical diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which statement made by the mother indicates a knowledge deficit?

"I am looking forward to my child being able to stop this medication."

The nurse is teaching a female patient about the ways to prevent urinary tract infections. Which statements by the patient indicate effective learning? Select all that apply.

"I should avoid bubble baths." "I should take showers instead of baths." "I should clean by wiping from front to back."

The nurse is providing teaching for the parents about iron screening for a 10-month-old infant born full-term. Which parent statement indicates understanding of the teaching?

"I will bring my baby back for a screening at 24 months of age."

The nurse has provided teaching about liquid iron supplementation for a child. Which parent statement indicates the teaching was successful?

"I will make sure my child takes the iron through a straw."

The nurse is explaining the prescribed care plan to a patient with diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will store insulin in the freezer at 1.8° C.

While collecting data on a 5-year-old child, the nurse suspects that the child has a risk of developing hypertension. Which statement by the parents enabled the nurse to come to this conclusion?

"My child only eats chips and sweets."

Which instruction would the nurse provide to the parents of an infant to alleviate the symptoms of congenital laryngeal stridor?

"Place the infant in the side-lying position."

How would the nurse instruct a patient with urea cycle defect?

"Restrict your protein intake."

Which nutritional recommendation usually accompanies a diagnosis of celiac disease?

"Take vitamin B supplements daily."

A parent asks the nurse how vitamin K helps the baby's blood clot. Which information would the nurse provide?

"Vitamin K helps develop some of the clotting factors."

A parent of a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura asks if platelets can be given. Which response would the nurse provide?

"Your child's body will continue to destroy the platelets."

Put the three stages of inhalation injury in proper order.

1. Pulmonary insufficiency 2.Pulmonary edema 3.Bronchopneumonia

At what point in gestation can the sex of the child be identified?

12 weeks

Which is the recommended percent of carbohydrate intake in children with diabetes?

55%

What is the approximate bladder capacity of a 4-year-old child?

6 ounces

Which is the approximate bladder capacity of a 4-year-old child?

6 oz

At which point in gestation do the testes begin to descend along a pathway into the scrotum?

7 months

What is the bladder capacity of a 6-year-old child? Record your answer using a whole number.____________ ounces

8 ounces

Between which two ages does the highest incidence of iron-deficiency anemia occur?

9 and 24 months

Which symptoms are indicative of rheumatic fever (RF)?

Abdominal pain Migratory polyarthritis Chorea

Which indicates oligohydramnios, as seen in an ultrasound?

Absence of or little amniotic fluid

Which is the most common infection of a child's respiratory tract?

Acute coryza

Which condition is an allergic reaction to a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection?

Acute glomerulonephritis

The nurse is collecting data on a child. The nurse finds that the child has had a daytime cough, bad breath, and an upper respiratory tract infection for the last 2 weeks. Which condition do these findings suggest?

Acute sinusitis

A child with leukemia experiencing neutropenia from chemotherapy has been exposed to chicken pox. Which would the nurse expect to include in the plan of care?

Administer an immunoglobulin.

Which interventions help reduce the thickness of respiratory secretions in a patient with cystic fibrosis?

Administer expectorants to the patient. Administer bronchodilators to the patient. Suggest that the child increase intake of fluids.

The nurse is assisting a laboring patient who is 37 weeks pregnant. What is the immediate nursing intervention after the newborn's birth?

Administering vitamin K to the newborn

A toddler is experiencing pain as a result of sickle cell crisis. Which would the nurse expect to be included in the pain management plan?

Analgesics

Which challenges require nursing focus as a priority for the care of children with leukemia? Select all that apply.

Anemia Bleeding Infection Fractures

Which imaging study is frequently used to visualize the heart and major blood vessels and is helpful in the diagnosis of cardiac defects?

Angiocardiography

The primary health care provider prescribes ephedrine to a patient. During the follow-up visit, the nurse finds that the patient's blood pressure has increased. Which additional medication is the patient likely taking to have caused this condition?

Antidepressants

Which diagnostic test is a standardized diagnostic test for rheumatic fever?

Antistreptolysin O titer

Which complications may arise from cystic fibrosis? Select all that apply.

Atelectasis Rectal prolapse Respiratory infection

Which congenital heart disorder is associated with the flow of oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the right atrium?

Atrial septal defect

The nurse is caring for a child who has Wilms' tumor. Which is the priority nursing intervention in this situation?

Avoid palpating the abdomen.

The nurse is caring for a child with a fever. Which nursing interventions help obtain accurate results in a urinalysis test?

Avoiding collection of urine sample from diapers

What are the stages of dying as detailed by Kubler-Ross (1975)?

Bargaining denial anger depression acceptance

While caring for a patient with hemophilia A, the nurse suspects that the patient has a risk of paralysis. Which finding in the patient supports the nurse's anticipation?

Bleeding into the spinal column

A child with thalassemia is prescribed hydroxyurea. Which would the nurse instruct the parent to immediately report to the health care provider?

Blurred vision

What is the classic symptom of idiopathic (immunological) thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)?

Bruising

Which is the classic symptom of idiopathic (immunologic) thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)?

Bruising

A child's laboratory reports show decreased serum albumin levels and the presence of a few red blood cells in the urine. The nurse observes that the child has gained weight, and has a distended abdomen and generalized edema. Which assessment findings would the nurse watch for after medication administration to ensure safety in the child? Select all that apply.

Changes in behavior Temperature variations

Which are signs/symptoms of epiglottitis?

Child insists on sitting up Drooling because of difficulty in swallowing Anxious with croaking on respiration Child leans forward with the mouth open

Which are the signs and symptoms of transfusion reaction that a nurse should monitor as a patient undergoes a blood transfusion? Select all that apply.

Chills Itching Headache

The nurse is caring for a patient with a congenital heart disease. The primary health care provider instructs the nurse to monitor the patient's heart function. Which test will the nurse perform in the patient?

Cineangiocardiography

The nurse is monitoring a child who is receiving packed red blood cells. The child develops headache, chills, itching, back pain, and fever. Which is the priority nursing action in this situation?

Clamp off the tubing.

Which are characteristics of sickle cell anemia?

Clinical symptoms present around 1 year of life Chronic anemia Pale and tires easily Potentially fatal crises can occur

Which signs indicate congenital cardiac problems?

Clubbing of fingers tachypnea pulsations in neck veins dyspnea

Which disorder causes a rapid pulse, weak cry, sudden increase in weight, and sweat around the scalp and forehead?

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

The nurse is caring for a child with acute croup. Which class of medications would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe to prevent the destruction of respiratory cilia?

Corticosteroids

What is the primary symptom in croup?

Cough

Which condition occurs when one or both testes fail to lower into the scrotum?

Cryptorchidism

The nurse is caring for a child who exhibits dyspnea and wheezing. The nurse finds clubbing of fingers and salty skin in the child. The sweat chloride test of the child reports 70 mEq/L of sodium chloride. Which condition do these findings indicate?

Cystic fibrosis

Which condition can cause vitamin A deficiency in a patient?

Cystic fibrosis

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. The patient has been prescribed phenazopyridine. Which assessment finding would indicate the prescription has been effective?

Decreased dysuria

Which symptom is common in diabetic ketoacidosis?

Dehydration

While reviewing the urinalysis reports of a newborn, the nurse finds the specific gravity of the urine to be 1.030. Which risk does the nurse anticipate in the newborn?

Dehydration

Which are the symptoms of acute pharyngitis?

Dysphagia

Which are the symptoms of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the infant?

Dyspnea Increased pulse pressure Machinery-type murmur

Which assessment finding would the nurse monitor for in an infant with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) who is awaiting surgery to correct the defect?

Elevated pulse pressure

Which is the treatment for a 2-year-old with pneumonia?

Encourage fluids

Which nursing interventions are beneficial to relieve the symptoms of a cold in a child?

Encourage the child to increase daily fluid intake. Suggest that the child apply petroleum-based ointment on the lips. Instruct the parents to instill saline solution into the nose of the child.

Which is a manifestation of Kawasaki disease?

Enlarged reddened papilla on the tongue

Which organism is the most common cause of urinary tract infections in children?

Escherichia coli

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with diabetes mellitus. Which assessment findings would the nurse document when collecting the patient's data? Select all that apply.

Excessive thirst Excessive hunger Frequent urination

Which condition presents as the bladder lying open and exposed on the abdomen?

Exstrophy

Which lab tests and results can be used to identify diabetes mellitus type I?

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) >126 mg/dL Glucose tolerance test (GTT) concentration >200 mg/dL Glycosylated hemoglobin test (HgbA1C) >9% Urine ketone testing-positive

Which nursing interventions are beneficial to treat hypoglycemia in a child? Select all that apply.

Feeding orange juice to the child Administering glucagon via intramuscular route Increasing the carbohydrate content in the child's diet

Which sinus starts developing at 8 years of age?

Frontal

Which risk factors are potential causes of diabetes insipidus?

Head injury Heredity Brain tumor

Which assessment finding would the nurse monitor for in an infant with a known ventricular septal defect (VSD)?

Heart murmur with systolic thrill

Which complications would the nurse be aware of in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura? Select all that apply.

Hemarthrosis Intracranial hemorrhage Gastrointestinal tract bleeding

Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?

Hexosaminidase

Which test reflects glucose control over a period of time?

HgbA1C

Which biochemical changes are associated with Somogyi phenomenon? Select all that apply.

High levels of cortisol High levels of glucagon High levels of epinephrine

The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome who has whole-body edema. Which foods would the nurse exclude from the child's diet?

High-salt foods

While caring for a child who has oliguria, the nurse instructs the parent, "Avoid giving bananas to your child." Which risk is the nurse trying to minimize in the child by giving this instruction?

Hyperkalemia

What is the name of the condition in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis?

Hypospadias

Which is the condition in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis?

Hypospadias

Which stage of Hodgkin's disease reveals enlarged lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm?

III

A 16-year-old boy enters the emergency department reporting acute scrotal pain. He is diagnosed with testicular torsion. What treatment for this condition will the nurse expect?

Immediate surgery

While collecting data on a 1-year-old child, the nurse observes that the bladder is normal. The presence of which finding supports the nurse's conclusion?

Impalpable bladder in the child

Which are the effects of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease dornase alfa?

Improvement of pulmonary function Decrease in the thickness of respiratory s

Which is the principal goal of therapy for patients with hemophilia A?

Increase factor VIII

The physician has prescribed phenobarbital to a patient with rheumatic fever. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?

Increased coordination

Which contributing factor can a nurse associate with an 8-hour-old neonate's high hemoglobin level?

Increased erythropoietin production

Which laboratory finding is consistent with a diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot?

Increased red blood cell count

Which conditions increase the risk of splenomegaly? Select all that apply.

Infection Liver malfunction Congenital hemolytic anemia

Which description best defines carditis?

Inflammation of the myocardial tissue

Which diagnosis often accompanies cryptorchidism?

Inguinal hernia

Which laboratory value would confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Ketonuria

What is the most common form of childhood cancer?

Leukemia

Which body part is primarily involved in the production of red blood cells in the fetus before birth?

Liver

Which are functions of the kidneys in the body? Select all that apply.

Maintaining fluid homeostasis Helping in red blood cell formation Regulating blood pressure in the body

Which are the components of chemotherapy? Select all that apply.

Maintenance Induction period Reinduction therapy Extramedullary disease therapy Central nervous system prophylaxis

Which medication is administered via the oral route to a child with diabetes mellitus?

Metformin

What are the symptoms of bronchiolitis?

Mild fever Wheezing cough Serous nasal discharge

What are the priority nursing actions when administering Diuril (chlorothiazide) to a child diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Monitor serum electrolytes and daily weight

The nurse is caring for a patient with rheumatic fever (RF) who is on aspirin therapy. The primary health care provider has prescribed steroids to relieve severe cardiac pain in the patient. Which complications does the nurse expect to find in the patient?

Moon face Hirsutism Acne

A patient with thalassemia major presents with hemosiderosis. Which finding would the nurse anticipate?

Muddy bronze-colored skin

Which surgical treatment includes passing a tube through the flank of the kidney to allow urine to be drained from the urinary pelvis?

Nephrostomy

A patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura has a platelet count of 40,000/mm3. Which priority assessment would the nurse perform?

Neurological

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child with leukemia admitted to the hospital with the primary diagnosis of pneumonia. What does the nurse suspect as most likely cause of this child's pneumonia?

Neutropenia

Which symptoms are manifestations of hypothyroidism in an infant?

Noisy respiration enlarged tongue lethargy

Which risk factor is common in patients with type 2 diabetes?

Obesity

What are the precipitating factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

Obesity Hypertension Lipid-rich diet

Which is the treatment to correct for cryptorchidism?

Orchiopexy

The nurse is caring for a child with nasopharyngitis. Which complication might the nurse expect in the child?

Otitis media

While monitoring a child after drug administration, the nurse observes that the child has developed edema. The child also reports nausea and lethargy. What does the nurse infer is the reason for these complications in the child?

Overdose of desmopressin acetate

Which treatments are beneficial for a patient with acute croup

Oxygen Epinephrine Corticosteroids

The nurse is caring for a patient whose hemoglobin level is 6 g/dL. Which complications would the nurse expect to find in the patient? Select all that apply.

Pallor Weakness SOB

While collecting the data on a newborn, the nurse finds the presence of a narrowed preputial opening of the foreskin. During a follow-up visit, the parent says, "I forcibly retracted the foreskin of my child's penis to make urination easier." Which risk would the nurse expect in the newborn?

Paraphimosis

A patient with hemophilia A is prescribed desmopressin acetate. Which laboratory marker would the nurse monitor?

Partial thromboplastin time

A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old patient immediately after a tonsillectomy. What is the best position for this patient?

Partly on the side and partly on the abdomen

The nurse finds that a 3-year-old has difficulty swallowing. The child has a body temperature of 40°C. The laboratory reports of the child indicate a positive throat culture for Streptococcus. Which medication would be beneficial in treating the child's condition?

Penicillin

While collecting data on a child with acute sinusitis, the nurse finds skin inflammation in the area around the eye and the eyelid. Which condition do these findings suggest?

Periorbital cellulitis

A patient is suspected to have leukemia. Which initial objective sign would the nurse expect to find during the assessment?

Petechiae

Which term is a narrowing of the preputial opening of the foreskin, which prevents the foreskin from being retracted over the penis.

Phimosis

The nurse is caring for a child with inflammation of the heart and involuntary muscle movements. On further assessment, the nurse finds that the child also exhibits clumsy behavior. Which interventions would the nurse perform to provide effective care to the child?

Placing a bed cradle near the child's bed Providing padded side rails on the child's bed Maintaining dental health and cavity avoidance

The nurse is caring for a child with a respiratory disorder. The nurse finds that the child stops and takes a squatting position during a group activity. Which intervention would the nurse expect to be beneficial for the child?

Placing the child in the knee-chest position

During the data collection stage, the nurse finds that a child has productive cough, fever with a temperature of 40°C (104°F), a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min, and chest pain. The chest x-ray indicates atelectasis, and the lab reports indicate elevated white blood cells (WBCs). Which condition do these findings suggest?

Pneumonia

A child with diabetes reports to the nurse, "I feel thirsty all the time." Which sign associated with diabetes does the patient's statement indicate?

Polydipsia

What are the initial signs of diabetes insipidus?

Polydipsia and polyuria

Which are the initial signs of diabetes insipidus?

Polydipsia and polyuria

While collecting the data on a 10-month-old child, the nurse finds that the child's urine output is 14 mL/Kg/hr. Which condition is consistent with this finding?

Polyuria

The nurse is caring for a patient with a congenital heart anomaly who is on furosemide therapy. Which factor would the nurse monitor in this patient to ensure safe medication levels?

Potassium levels

The primary health care provider has prescribed theophylline to a patient with asthma. During the follow-up visit, the nurse finds that the patient's symptoms have not reduced despite taking theophylline. Which medication would the nurse check for in the patient's medication history?

Propranolol

The licensed practical nurse (LPN) conducting data collection for a child with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) notes a wide range between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Which term describes this presentation?

Pulse pressure

The primary health care provider instructs the registered nurse to administer 50 mcg of digoxin to an infant with congestive heart failure. What is the best nursing intervention in this situation to ensure safety?

Reconfirming the dose of medication with another nurse

A patient with migratory polyarthritis has been prescribed salicylates. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?

Relief of pain

The nurse is caring for a patient who has acute cystitis. The primary health care provider prescribes urological tests to find the causative organism. Which nursing intervention will be helpful for this patient?

Remind the child to void frequently

While collecting data on a newborn, the nurse finds the presence of low-set ears. Which assessment would the nurse expect to be performed by the registered nurse to ensure safety in the newborn?

Renal examination

The nurse is caring for a child with a common cold. The nurse instructs the child's parents to avoid the use of oil-based nasal drops. Which complication is the nurse trying to prevent?

Respiratory problems

An 8-year-old boy diagnosed with hemophilia presents at the emergency department with hemarthrosis from a fall on the school playground. What would be included when following a traditional approach to care?

Rest Elevation Ice Compression

Which cardiac disorder is associated with polyarthritis?

Rheumatic fever

Which complications may arise if strep throat is untreated?

Rheumatic fever Glomerulonephritis Peritonsillar abscess

The nurse is caring for a preschooler with chronic illness. Which behaviors would the nurse expect in the preschooler because of illness? Select all that apply.

Sense of guilt Poor self-discipline Impaired social skills Negative body image

Excessive thirst Correct4 Excessive hunger Correct5 Frequent urination

Sexual precocity

Which is a desired outcome following a Blalock-Taussig procedure in a premature infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot?

Shunting of blood to achieve proper flow

Which are signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

Sitting up and leaning forward Drooling because of difficulty in swallowing Anxious with croaking on respiration

While collecting the data on a child, the nurse finds that the child has allergic rhinitis. Which signs did the nurse observe in the child?

Sneezing Watery eyes Itching of the skin

Which therapy may cause hair loss in a child?

Sodium levothyroxine therapy

A 3-year-old's mother reports to the nurse that the child has had a barking, brassy cough and respiratory difficulty for 2 hours during the night. The nurse finds that the child is normal in the morning. Which condition do these findings suggest?

Spasmodic laryngitis

Which medication may cause Cushing's disease?

Steroid

The nurse is caring for a child receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) for the diagnosis of heart failure. Which manifestation does the nurse recognize as a cardinal sign of digoxin toxicity?

Sudden change in pulse

The nurse is caring for a child who has undergone a nephrostomy. The parent of the child states, "My child is experiencing irritation at the site of the stoma." Which is the most important nursing intervention in this situation?

Take precautions to prevent infections.

Which condition is associated with lipid deposition on the nerve cells?

Tay-Sachs disease

Which congenital heart disorder is associated with decreased blood flow to the lungs and displacement of the aorta?

Tetralogy of Fallot

Which disorder causes deoxygenated blood to enter the systemic arterial circulation?

Tetralogy of Fallot

Which observation indicates that an infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is carefully following the prescribed medical regimen?

The child exhibits normal weight for age.

The nurse finds that a child has discoloration beneath the eyes, slight eyelid eczema, and mouth breathing. The nurse also observes that the child has abnormal respiratory sounds and bronchoconstriction after exercise testing. What does the nurse interpret from these findings?

The child has Asthma

A child with Kawasaki disease (KD), who is febrile and not responding to antibiotic therapy, is prescribed intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). Which teaching about the infusion would the nurse provide to the child's parents regarding this medication?

The infusion provides symptom relief and prevents coronary artery disease.

What should the nurse include when educating parents regarding care of their child following a lymphangiogram?

The skin and urine may take on a bluish color.

A pediatric patient with a congenital heart defect undergoes a chest incision, is placed on a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, and has body temperature reduced to minimize blood loss. Which term describes this incision?

Thoracotomy

The nurse finds that a child is sluggish and has an enlarged tongue, dry skin, and a puffy face. Which test does the nurse expect the primary health care provider to refer to the patient?

Thyroid function test

The nurse is caring for a child who uses metered-dose inhalers. The nurse instructs the child to rinse the mouth after the inhalation of steroids. Why would the nurse give such an instruction to the child?

To prevent the development of candidiasis

Which are symptoms of hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.

Tremors Lethargy Irritability

Which restriction to play activities may be necessary for a patient after genital surgery?

Tricycle

The external genitalia of the fetus are recognizably male or female by which week of gestation?

Twelfth

Which condition may result in ketoacidosis?

Type 1 diabetes

Which is the most common metabolic disorder in children?

Type 1 diabetes

The nurse is caring for a child with a body mass index of 39 kg/m2. This patient may be at risk for developing which disease in the future?

Type 2 diabetes

What anatomical defects are associated with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)?

Ventricular septal defect Pulmonary artery stenosis Dextroposition of the aorta

Which defects are associated with tetralogy of Fallot?

Ventricular septal defect Dextroposition of the aorta Pulmonary artery stenosis Hypertrophy of the right ventricle

Which are the clinical manifestations during acute exacerbation of asthma?

Wheezing Orthopnea Flaring of nostrils

Which are the signs and symptoms of bronchitis?

cold Purulent sputum Hacking cough

What type of isolation precaution is recommended for infants infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

contact

Which type of isolation precaution is for infants infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

contact

What is included in preventive teaching for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in girls?

encouraging fluids wiping front to back avoiding bubble baths

Which symptoms are manifested with chronic respiratory distress?

failure to thrive irritability retractions

Which test reflects glucose control over a period of time.

glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

Cystic fibrosis is a _______________ system disease

multi

At which month of development does the fetal kidney begin to secrete urine?

third