PEDS QUIZI CHAPTER 27

The nurse of a preschool child is helping parents develop a healthy meal plan for their child. Which of the following nutritional requirements for this age group should the nurse consider?

The typical preschooler requires about 85 kcal/kg of body weight.

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl. The mother says that the girl is afraid of cats and dogs and does not like to go to the playground anymore because she wants to avoid the dogs that are often being walked at the park. What should the nurse tell the mother?

"Acknowledge her fear and help her develop a strategy for dealing with it."

The parents of a 5-year-old boy tell the nurse that their son is having frequent episodes of night terrors. Which of the following statements would indicate that the boy is having nightmares instead of night terrors?

"He will tell us about what happened in his dream."

The nurse is providing teaching about car safety to the parents of a 5-year-old girl who weighs 45 pounds. What should the nurse instruct the parents to do?

"Place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in the back seat."

The mother of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son occasionally wets his pants during the day. How should the nurse respond?

"Tell me about the circumstances when this occurs."

The parents of a 4-year-old ask the nurse when their child will be able to differentiate right from wrong and develop morals. What would be the best response of the nurse?

"The preschooler is developing a conscience."

The mother of a 5-year-old boy calls the nurse and seeks advice on how to assist the child with the recent death of his paternal grandfather. The boy keeps asking when his grandpa is coming back. How should the nurse respond?

"This is normal; children his age do not understand the permanence of death."

When providing anticipatory guidance to parents about lying during the preschool period, which of the following would the nurse emphasize?

"You need to determine the reason for lying before punishing the child."

The nurse is conducting a well-child examination of a 5-year-old girl, who was 40 inches tall at her last examination at age 4. Which of the following height measurements would be within the normal range of growth expected for a preschooler?

43 inches

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for parents of a preschooler regarding sex education. Which of the following is a recommended guideline when dealing with this issue?

Before answering questions, find out what the child thinks about the subject.

Which activity would the nurse least likely include as exemplifying the preconceptual phase of Piaget's preoperational stage?

Beginning questioning of parents' values

The parents of a 4-year-old who is a picky eater ask the nurse what foods to include in their child's diet to provide adequate iron consumption. Which of the following foods would the nurse recommend?

Cooked lentils

The nurse is assessing the motor skills of a 5-year-old girl. Which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned?

Draws a person with three body parts

The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment for a 5-year-old boy in preparation for kindergarten. The boy's grandmother is his primary caregiver because the boy's mother has suffered from depression and substance abuse issues. The nurse understands that the child is at increased risk for which developmental problem?

Lack of social and emotional readiness for school

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl posttonsillectomy. The girl looks out the window and tells the nurse that it is raining and says, "The sky is crying because it is sad that my throat hurts." The nurse understands that the girl is demonstrating which mental process?

Magical thinking

When observing a group of preschoolers at play in the clinic waiting room, which type of play would the nurse be least likely to note?

Parallel play

The nurse is counseling parents of a picky eater on how to promote healthy eating habits in their child. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate advice?

Present the food matter-of-factly and allow the child to choose what to eat.

The nurse is explaining to parents that the preschooler's developmental task is focused on the development of initiative rather than guilt. Which of the following is a priority intervention the nurse might recommend for parents of preschoolers to stimulate initiative?

Reward the child for initiative in order to build self-esteem.

The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a hospitalized 6-year-old. Which of the following behaviors would warrant nursing intervention?

The child does not want to play games with other children on the hospital ward.

The nurse is supervising lunch time for children on a pediatric ward. Which of the following observations is considered abnormal for this age group?

The child uses his fingers and refuses to use a fork.

The nurse is caring for a premature baby in the NICU. The mother reports that the infant's normally happy and outgoing 5-year-old sister is acting sad and withdrawn. The nurse understands that due to her developmental stage, the girl is at risk of which of the following?

Viewing her baby sister's illness as her fault

Which food suggestion would be most appropriate for the mother of a preschooler to ensure an adequate intake of calcium?

White beans

The nurse is providing teaching about accidental poisoning to the family of a 3-year-old. The nurse understands that a child of this age is at increased risk of accidental ingestion due to which sensory alteration?

A less discriminating sense of taste

The nurse is caring for preschoolers in a day care center. Of which of the following developmental milestones of this age group should the nurse be aware? Select all answers that apply.

A) Counting 10 or more objects B) Correctly naming at least four colors C) Understanding the concept of time D) Knowing everyday objects

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-year-old boy about the normal maturations of the child's organs during the preschool years and their effect on body functions. Which of the following statements accurately describe these changes? Select all answers that apply.

A) Myelination of the spinal cord allows for bowel and bladder control to be complete in most children by age 3 years. B) The respiratory structures are continuing to grow in size, and the number of alveoli continues to increase, reaching the adult number at about 7 years of age. D) The bones continue to increase in length and the muscles continue to strengthen and mature; however, the musculoskeletal system is still not fully mature. E) The small intestine is continuing to grow in length, and stool passage usually occurs once or twice per day in the average preschooler.

The nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a preschooler. Which of the following are normal activities characteristic of the preschooler? Select all answers that apply.

A) Plans activities and makes up games B) Initiates activities with others C) Acts out roles of other people

The school nurse is helping parents choose books for their preschoolers. What literacy skills present in the preschooler would the nurse consider when making choices? Select all answers that apply.

A) Preschoolers enjoy books with pictures that tell stories. B) Preschoolers like stories with repeated phrases as they help keep their attention. D) Preschoolers demonstrate early literacy skills by reciting stories or portions of books. E) Preschoolers may retell the story from the book, pretend to read books, and ask questions about the story.

The parents of a preschooler ask the nurse to help them choose a preschool for their child. Which of the following are recommended guidelines and goals for choosing a preschool? Select all answers that apply.

B) When selecting a preschool the parent may want to consider the accreditation of the school and the teachers' qualifications. D) The parent should observe the classroom, evaluating the environment, noise level, and sanitary practices. F) The parent should observe the classroom to determine how the children interact with each other and how the teachers interact with the children.

The parents of a preschooler express concern to the nurse about their son's new habit of masturbating. Which of the following is an appropriate response to this concern?

Treat the action in a matter-of-fact manner emphasizing safety.