peds self review exam 2

Until what age are an infant's hands predominantly closed (fisted)?

1 month

At what age may an infant attempt his/her first step alone?

12 months

An infant presents with a diagnosis of anemia. What is NOT an expected finding:

low HR

Which of the following factors will decrease iron absorption and therefore should not be given at the same time as an iron supplement?

milk

A child who actively looks for a hidden object has developed:

object permanence

The nurse must assess 10-month-old Chad. He is sitting on his father's lap and appears to be afraid of the nurse and of what might happen next. Which of the following initial actions by the nurse would be most appropriate?

peek a boo

Which of the following foods are allowed with a diagnosis of celiac disease? Choose all that apply.

rice, corn, millet

When teaching a mother how to prevent accidents while caring for her 6-month-old infant, the nurse should emphasize that at this age, the infant can usually:

roll over

According to Piaget, an infant (birth to 2 years) would be which developmental stage?

sensorimotor

Which of the following is an important nursing consideration in the care of the infant with PKU?

suggest ways to make the formula more palatable

The screening test for PKU is most reliable if the blood sample is:

taken from fresh blood on the heel

According to Erikson, an infant (birth to 1 year) would be which developmental stage?

trust vs mistrust

According to Fowler, an infant (birth to 1 year) would be which developmental stage?

undifferentiated

Which of the following vitamins increases the absorption of iron?

C

Which of the following behaviors indicates that an infant has developed object permanence?

Actively searches for a hidden object

Which of the following statements best describes the infant's physical development?

Birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year.

Which of the following foods should be avoided with a diagnosis of celiac disease? Choose all that apply.

Wheat, Rye, Oats, Barley

The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with severe atopic dermatitis. Which of the following should the nurse reinforce with the parent? (Select all that apply.)

b. "You will need to keep your infant's skin well hydrated by using a mild soap in the bath." d. "Cool compresses may help with comfort - but only for short periods of time" f. "You should apply an emollient to the skin immediately after a bath."

At what age does an infant laugh aloud?

b. 4 months

What suggestion should the nurse give to the mother who is having difficulty coping with her 2-month-old son who has colic?

b. Arrange for some time away from your son each day to rest

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease that results in the body's inability to correctly metabolize:

b. phenylalanine.

Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as a good source of potassium for a child receiving diuretics?

bananas

Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include which of the following?

change infant's positioning frequently

At what age does an infant pat bottle or breast with both hands?

d. This is normal because of the immaturity of digestive processes at this age.

The parents of a 9-month-old infant tell the nurse that they have noticed foods such as peas and corn are not completely digested and can be seen in their infant's stools. The nurse's explanation of this is based on which of the following?

d. This is normal because of the immaturity of digestive processes at this age.

At what age does an infant's vocalizations change according to his/her mood?

4 months

At what age does an infant use a palmar grasp?

5 months

At what age does an infant vocalize displeasure when an object is taken away?

5 months

At what age do most infants begin to fear strangers?

6 months

At what age does an infant bear almost all of his/her weight, when held in a standing position?

6 months

At what age does an infant grasp and manipulate small objects?

6 months

At what age does an infant take pleasure in hearing own sounds?

6 months

At what age is an infant typically able to roll from back to abdomen?

6 months

At what age is an infant's ability to lift his/her chest and abdomen off the surface, bearing weight on his/her hands is typical?

6 months

At what age may an infant begin to imitate (cough, stick out tongue)?

6 months

What is normally the earliest age at which an infant begins teething with eruption of lower central incisors?

6 months

At what age does an infant rake at a small object?

7 months

At what age does an infant transfer objects from one hand to the other?

7 months

At what age does an infant's sounds signal emphasis and emotion?

8 months

What age is typically associated with stranger anxiety?

8 months

At what age does the infant recover his/her balance when leaning forward, but not when leaning sidewise, when in a sitting position?

9 months

At what age does an infant inhibit behavior to a verbal command of "no-no" or to his or her name?

10 months

At what age does an infant repeat actions that attract attention and cause laughter?

10 months

At what age does an infant imitate definite speech sounds?

11 months

At what age does an infant play games such as "So Big!"?

11 months

At what age does an infant say 3 to 5 words besides mama & dada?

12 months

At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?

12 months

At what age does an infant turn pages in a book (many at a time)?

12 months`

At what age does the infant hold his/her head up, but bends forward, when in a sitting position?

2 months

An infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh how many pounds at age 1 year?

21

An infant's ability to lift his/her head ~45-90 degrees when prone is a typical gross motor milestone for which age?

3 months

At about what age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as a feeding bottle?

3 months

At what age does an infant bear slight fraction of weight on legs, when held in a standing position?

3 months

At what age does an infant clutch his/her own hands and pull at blankets and clothes?

3 months

At what age does an infant squeal to show pleasure?

3 months

At what age is the grasp reflex absent?

3 months

At what age is there typically less crying when the infant is awake?

3 months

Binocularity, the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously, is normally present by what age?

3 to 4 months

The nurse is testing an infant's visual acuity. By what age should the infant be able to fix on and follow a target?

3 to 4 months

The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. This is most likely caused by which of the following?

Canida albicans

Where do the lesions of atopic dermatitis most commonly occur in the infant? (Select all that apply.)

Cheeks, Extensor surfaces of arms and legs, Trunk, Scalp

Which of the following immunizations would normally be administered to a 6 month old infant? (Immunizations last administered at 4 months; immunizations up to date).

HBV (Hepatitis B), Rotavirus, DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis), HIB (Haemophilus influenzae B), PCV (Prevnar, pneumococcal), IPV (inactivated polio), Influenza (if autumn)

Which of the following immunizations would normally be administered to a newborn infant? (no previous immunizations).

Hep B

According to Kohlberg, an infant (birth to 1 year) would be in which developmental stage?

Not a specified level

Which of the following immunizations would normally be administered to a 4 month old infant? (Immunizations last administered at 2 months; immunizations up to date).

Rotavirus, DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis), HIB (Haemophilus influenzae B), PCV (Prevnar, pneumococcal), IPV (inactivated polio)

According to Piaget, the 6-month-old infant would be in what developmental stage?

Secondary circular reactions

What information should the nurse give a mother regarding the introduction of solid foods during infancy?

foods should be introduced one at a time, 4 to 7 days apart

Parents tell the nurse that their 1-year-old son often sleeps with them. They seem unconcerned about this. The nurse's response should be based on which of the following?

This is a common and accepted practice, especially in some cultural groups.

What is the recommended care of diaper rash or dermatitis?

Use absorbant diapers, apply oitments like zinc oxide to protect skin, let air dry as much as possible, change diapers as soon as soiled.

When administering an I.M. injection to an infant, the nurse in charge should use which site?

Vastus lateralis

Which of the following is an appropriate action when an infant becomes apneic?

gently stimulate trunk by patting or rubbing

Pacifiers can be extremely dangerous because of the frequency of use and the intensity of the infant's suck. In teaching the parents about appropriate pacifier selection, select all of the characteristics the pacifier should have.

a. Easily grasped handle b. One-piece construction e. Sturdy, flexible material

Which of the following is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?

a. Playing peek-a-boo

Before surgery to relieve an intestinal obstruction, a 3-month-old infant is kept NPO and has a nasogastric tube in place. Which nursing intervention will help to calm the infant, as well as meet developmental needs?

allow child to suck on pacifier

Austin, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is which of the following?

earlier than normal tooth erruption

Which of the following vitamins is recommended for all women of childbearing age to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida?

folic acid