Penny Chapter 29 - The Fetal Genitourinary System

prune belly syndrome is caused by:

!!! a. an enlarged bladder

obstruction at the level of the UPJ would lead to dilation of the:

!!! d. renal pelvis and calices

pyelectasis refers to:

c. dilation of the renal pelvis

bladder exstrophy describes:

c. external position of the bladder

fluid surrounding the fetal testicle is referred to as:

c. hydrocele

another name for pelvocaliectasis is:

c. hydronephrosis

failure of the kidneys to form is called:

c. renal agenesis

what is the term for enlargement of the urinary bladder?

d. megacystis

what measurement should the renal pelvis not exceed prior to 20 weeks' gestation?

!!! c. 7 mm

what is the most common fetal renal tumor?

!!! c. mesoblastic nephromas

which of the following is associated with enlarged echogenic kidneys and microscopic renal cysts? a. MCDK disease b. obstructive cystic dysplasia c. hydronephrotic syndrome d. ARPKD

!!! d. ARPKD

the "keyhole" sign would be seen in all of the following situations except: a. urethral atresia b. prune belly syndrome c. autosomal dominant polycystic renal disease d. posterior urethral valves

c. autosomal dominant polycystic renal disease

cloacal exstrophy is associate with all of the following except: a. omphalocele b. spina bifida c. encephalocele d. imperforate anus

c. encephalocele

OEIS complex is also referred to as:

!!! d. cloacal exstrophy

the most common malignant adrenal pediatric tumor is the

!!! d. neuroblastoma

an obstruction at the ureterovesicular junction would lead to dilation of the:

!!! d. ureter and renal collecting system

which of the following would be the most likely cause of bilateral, enlarged echogenic fetal kidneys and oligohydramnios? a. ARPKD b. MCKD c. renal cystic dysplasia d. ADPKD

a. ARPKD

the syndrome associated with an occipital cephalocele, cystic renal disease, and polydactyly is:

a. Mechel-Gruber syndrome

the "keyhole" sign describes the sonographic findings of a(n):

a. enlarged bladder and dilated urethra

the "I' in OEIS complex stands for:

a. imperforate anus

having more than the normal number of digits is:

a. polydactyly

which of the following would cause a bladder outlet obstruction? a. posterior urethral valves b. fetal ovarian cyst c. peviectasis d. pelvocaliectasis

a. posterior urethral valves

which of the following would result in compensatory hypertrophy? a. unilateral renal agenesis b. bilateral renal ageneis c. pelvic kidney d. horseshoe kidneys

a. unilateral renal ageneis

what is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in the neonate and the most common form of fetal renal obstruction?

b. UPJ obstruction (urethral pelvic junction)

the renal cystic disease that results in the development of cysts late in adulthood is:

b. autosomal dominant polycystic disease

fusion of the lower poles of the kidneys describes:

b. horseshoe kidneys

before 9 weeks, the fetal kidneys are located within the:

b. pelvis

the most common location of an ectopic kidney is within the:

b. pelvis

the "lying down" adrenal sign describes the sonographic findings of: a. enlarged bladder and urethra b. renal agenesis c. MCDK disease d. posterior urethral valves

b. renal agenesis

all of the following would be associated with oligohydramnios except: a. bilateral MCDK disease b. unilateral renal agenesis c. bilateral renal agenesis d. ARPDK

b. unilateral renal agenesis

the type of renal cystic disease associated with adult liver and pancreatic cysts is:

c. ADPKD

numerous noncommunicating anechoic masses are noted within the left renal fossa of a fetus at 20 weeks' gestation. what is the most likely etiology of these masses?

c. MCDK disease

cryptorchidism describes:

c. undescended testicles

which of the following is not a component of prune belly syndrome? a. megacystis b. undescended testis c. dilated urinary bladder and urethra d. abdominal muscle hypertrophy

d. abdominal muscle hypertrophy

the birth defect in which the sex of the fetus cannot be determined defines:

d. ambiguous genitalia

which of the following best describes hypospadias? a. OEIS complex in the presence of a hydrocele b. the chronic obstruction of the renal pelvis and urethra c. the underdevelopment of the scrotum in the presence of a hydrocele d. an abnormal ventral curvature of the penis

d. an abnormal ventral curvature of the penis

which of the following is the most common renal anomaly? a. horseshoe kidenys b. pelvic kidneys c. renal agenesis d. duplex collecting system

d. duplex collecting system

what is the most common fetal abnormality noted during an obstetric sonogram?

d. hydronephrosis

during an 18-week sonogram, multiple cysts of varying sizes are noted within the renal fossa of a male fetus. the other kidney appears to be normal. which of the following would be an associated finding? a. megacystis b. ovarian dysgenesis c. hypospadias d. normal amniotic fluid

d. normal amniotic fluid level

the "lying down" adrenal sign would be seen in all of the following situations except: a. unilateral renal ageneis b. bilateral renal agenesis c. potter syndrome d. pyelectesis

d. pyelectesis