Penny Chapter 8: ADRENAL GLANDS review questions
Which of the following has a clinical finding of bronzing of the skin? a.) Addison disease b.) Cushing disease c.) Cushing syndrome d.) Conn syndrome
a.) Addison disease
The right suprarenal vein drains directly into the: a.) IVC b.) abdominal aorta c.) celiac trunk d.) left renal vein
a.) IVC
An abdominal sonogram is requested for a new born in the intensive care unit. The new born has suffered from brief anoxia at birth and is now suffering from jaundice. Superior to the right kidney, you visualize a triangular-shaped, heterogenous mass. What is the most likely diagnosis? a.) adrenal hemorrhage b.) adrenal adenoma c.) pheochromocytoma d.) thinning arms and legs
a.) adrenal hemorrhage
Which plays a part in the development of male characteristics? a.) androgens b.) cortisol c.) aldosterone d.) hematocrit
a.) androgens
What is the cause of Cushing disease? a.) anterior pituitary gland tumor b.) adrenal hemorrhage c.) neuroblastoma d.) hyperaldosteronism
a.) anterior pituitary gland tumor
All of the following are clinical findings of a pheochromocytoma except: a.) bradycardia b.) uncontrollable hypertension c.) excessive sweating d.) tremors
a.) bradycardia
Which types of glands release their hormones directly into the bloodstream? a.) endocrine b.) exocrine
a.) endocrine
Which of the following hormones are responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response? a.) epinephrine and norepinephrine b.) cortisol and androgens c.) cortisol and aldosterone d.) ACTH and aldosterone
a.) epinephrine and norepinephrine
When internal bleeding in suspected, what laboratory value is most useful for a monographer to evaluate? a.) hematocrit b.) blood urea nitrogen c.) androgenic hormone d.) alkaline phosphatase
a.) hematocrit
The most common sonographic appearance of a pheochromocytoma is a(n): a.) hyperechoic mass b.) hypoechoic mass c.) anechoic mass d.) complex mass
a.) hyperechoic mass
Which of the following is also referred to as primary adrenocortical insufficiency? a.) Conn syndrome b.) Addison disease c.) Cushing disease d.) congenital adrenal hyperplasia
b.) Addison disease
Which of the following is associated with hypernaturemia? a.) Cushing syndrome b.) Conn syndrome c.) pheochromocytoma d.) Addison disease
b.) Conn syndrome
The syndrome associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, and an adrenal mass is: a.) Edwards syndrome b.) Cushing syndrome c.) Juliet syndrome d.) Hirschsprung syndrome
b.) Cushing syndrome
Which of the following mass-like lesions may be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and are found within the testes? a.) adrenal adenomas b.) adrenal rests c.) pheochromocytoma d.) neuroblastoma
b.) adrenal rests
With active internal hemorrhage, the patients hematocrit will: a.) increase b.) decrease c.) become stable d.) not change
b.) decrease
A localized collection of blood describes a: a.) hemangioma b.) hematoma c.) hypertoma d.) hydrocele
b.) hematoma
The most common sonographic appearance of a neuroblastoma is: a.) hyperechoic mass b.) heterogenous mass with calcifications c.) anechoic mass d.) hypoechoic mass
b.) heterogenous mass with calcifications
All of the following are most likely a benign adrenal mass except: a.) adrenal adenoma b.) neuroblastoma c.) pheochromocytoma d.) adrenal hematoma
b.) neuroblastoma
All of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except: a.) the adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus b.) the adrenal glands are exocrine glands c.) the adrenal glands are composed of a medulla and cortex d.) the adrenal glands may also be referred to as the suprarenal glands
b.) the adrenal glands are exocrine glands
A 45 year old obese woman with thin arms and legs, hypertension, and severe fatigue presents to the ultrasound department for an abdominal sonogram. Based on these clinical findings, you should evaluate the adrenal glands closely for signs of: a.) Addison cyst b.) Adrenal hemorrhage c.) adrenal adenoma d.) neuroblastoma
c.) adrenal adenoma
Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling the amounts of sodium and water in the body? a.) epinephrine b.) cortisol c.) aldosterone d.) ACTH
c.) aldosterone
The adrenal glands are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule called: a.) glisson capsule b.) adrenalocortical fascia c.) gerota fascia d.) glisson fascia
c.) gerota fascia
Conn syndrome results from: a.) low levels of cortisol b.) high levels of cortisol c.) high levels of aldosterone d.) low levels of epinephrine
c.) high levels of aldosterone
What is the term for low levels of sodium in the blood? a.) hypokalcemia b.) hypopigmentation c.) hyponatremia d.) hypodisuria
c.) hyponatremia
Which of the following is produced by the adrenal medulla? a.) cortisol b.) aldosterone c.) norepinephrine d.) androgens
c.) norepinephrine
Which of the following best describes the location of the right adrenal gland? a.) posterior and lateral to the pancreas b.) medial to the lower pole of the right kidney c.) posterior and lateral to the IVC d.) medial to the crus of the diaphragm
c.) posterior and lateral to the IVC
The arterial blood supply to the adrenal glands is accomplished by means of: a.) celiac trunk b.) subphrenic arteries c.) suprarenal arteries d.) superior mesenteric artery
c.) suprarenal arteries
All of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except: a.) the adrenal glands play an important role in blood pressure regulation b.) the adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus c.) the left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney d.) the right adrenal gland is located medial to the right lobe of the liver
c.) the left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney
The neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of: a.) 1 year b.) 2 years c.) 4 years d.) 5 years
d.) 5 years
Which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands? a.) epinephrine b.) cortisol c.) aldosterone d.) ACTH
d.) ACTH
Which of the following is associated with hyponatremia? a.) Cushing syndrome b.) Conn syndrome c.) pheochromocytoma d.) Addison disease
d.) Addison disease
Hyperfunctioning adrenal adenomas are associated with all of the following except: a.) Cushing syndrome b.) Conn syndrome c.) Hypoechoic mass in the area of the adrenal gland d.) acute drop in hematocrit
d.) acute drop in hematocrit
Upon sonographic examination of the RUQ in a 32-year old female patient complaining of generalized abdominal pain, you visualize an anechoic mass with posterior enhancement superior and medial to the upper pole of the right kidney. This most likely represents a(n): a.) adrenal metastatic lesion b.) pheochromocytoma c.) neuroblastoma d.) adrenal cyst
d.) adrenal cyst
The adrenal cortex produces all of the following except: a.) cortisol b.) androgens c.) aldosterone d.) adrenaline
d.) adrenaline
Which of the following would result in buffalo hump an moon-shaped face clinical findings? a.) Conn syndrome b.) Addison disease c.) Adrogenism d.) Hypercortisolism
d.) hypercortisolism
The left suprarenal vein drains directly into the: a.) IVC b.) abdominal aorta c.) celiac trunk d.) left renal vein
d.) left renal vein
The most common, extracranial, malignant mass in children is the: a.) hepatoblastoma b.) hypernephroma c.) pheochromocytoma d.) neuroblastoma
d.) neuroblastoma
The adrenal mass often associated with uncontrollable hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors is the: a.) neuroblastoma b.) adrenal hematoma c.) onocytoma d.) pheochromocytoma
d.) pheochromocytoma
The adrenal glands receive a portion of their blood supply from all of the following except the: a.) suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic arteries b.) suprarenal branches of the aorta c.) suprarenal branches of the renal arteries d.) suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
d.) suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
All of the following are associated with Conn syndrome except: a.) adrenal adenoma b.) hypertension c.) excessive thirst d.) thinning arms and legs
d.) thinning arms and legs