Penny Review Chapter 9: Abdominal Vasculature

The diameter of the IVC should never exceed

2.5cm

A disorder of the connective tissue characterized by tall stature and aortic and mitral valve insufficiency is

Marfan syndrome

an outpatient with a hx of back pain and hypertension presents with a 6cm infrarenal aortic aneurysm with an echogenic linear structure noted gently swaying in the lumen. what is this

aortic dissection

occlusion of the hepatic veins describe

budd chiari syndrome

which of the following would most likely yield a high resistance flow pattern celiac artery common iliac artery splenic artery right renal artery

common iliac artery

which of the following vessels would most likely yield a high resistance flow pattern celiac artery common hepatic artery renal artery fasting SMA

fasting SMA

what flow pattern would the postpradial SMA yield in a small bowel ischemia

high resistance

what vessel may attach to the splenic vein before reaching the portal confluence

inferior mesenteric vein

a patient presents with a hx of marfan syndrome. the sono eval reveals a linear echo within the aortic lumen that extends fro the celiac axis to the iliac arteries. color doppler reveals flow through the aorta on both sides of the linear echo. The patient has had no surgeries and there is no AAA. what does the linear echo most likely represent

intimal flap

what vessel can be often noted coursing between the SMA and the abd aorta in the trv scan plane

left renal vein

Enlargement of the IVC, with subsequent enlargement of the hepatic veins, is seen in cases of

right sided heart failure

which of the following is not true about the abd aorta -it bifurcates into the CIA's -the prox aorta is situated more anterior than the distal aorta -the aorta has a thicker tunica media than the IVC -the third major branches of the abd aorta are the renal arteries

the prox aorta is situated more anterior than the distal aorta (the distal aorta is more anterior and the prox aorta is deeper)

the outer wall layer of a vessel is

tunica adventitia

clinical findings of AAA include all of the following except lower extremity pain back pain abd bruit elevated hematocrit

elevated hematocrit

what vascular structure may be confused for the main panc duct

splenic artery

a patient with unexplained abd pain comes in for vascular assessment of SMA. you note the SMA yields a persistent high resistance flow pattern. this is indicitave of

small bowel ischemia

which of the following is not a section of the IVC post renal pancreatic pre renal hepatic

pancreatic

what vessel travels directly anterior to the left renal artery

left renal vein

what should postpradial flow pattern be within the SMA

low resistance (high resistance flow while fasting, should switch to low resistance after eating- if not: think BOWEL ISCHEMIA)

all of the following are branches of the celiac axis except right gastric artery hepatic artery splenic artery left gastric artery

right gastric artery (hepatic artery and splenic artery comming off the celiac trunk in trv forms the seagull sign)

AAA is present when the diameter measures more than

3cm

An aneurysm associated with infection is termed

Mycotic

The second main branch off the abd aorta is the

SMA

what vessel shows a different flow pattern after eating

SMA

the main portal vein is created by the

SMA and splenic vein

the first major branch off the abd aorta is

celiac axis/artery/trunk

what abnormality would the failure of an eval to isolate an aneurysm from circulation most likely result in

endoleak

the most common shape of an AAA is

fusiform

what branch and its tributaries of the abd aorta appears as a seagull sign in the trv plane

hepatic artery and splenic artery that come off the CELIAC ARTERY

the veins seen attaching to the IVC just below the diaphragm are the

hepatic veins

which of the following would have a pulsatile triphasic blood flow pattern renal veins hepatic veins gonadal veins common iliac veins

hepatic veins

the left gonadal vein drains into the

left renal vein

the aorta originates at the

left ventricle

which of the following statements about the IVC is not true the diameter is variable respiration can affect the size located to the left of the aorta considered retroperitoneal

located to the left of the aorta the IVC is located to the right of the aorta**

the hepatic artery should demonstrate what wave form

low resistance

which of the following statements about the abd aorta is not true -most aneurysms located within the aorta are false aneurysms -located just left of the midline -most common location of an AAA is infrarenal -considered retroperitoneal

most aneurysms are false (most are true**)

the IVC terminates at the

right atrium

in the sag plane, you see a circular, anechoic vascular structure posterior to the IVC. Which of the following would this structure most likely be abdominal aorta left renal vein right renal artery SMA

right renal artery

what vessel is shortest in length right renal vein right renal artery left renal vein left renal artery

right renal vein

The inner wall layer of a vessel, closest to the passing blood, is the:

tunica intima