Penny Review: Face and Neck

Which vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes? a) external carotid vein b) external carotid artery c) internal jugular vein d) CCA

CCA

Which of the following is the duct that drains the submandibular gland? a) stensen duct b) wharton duct c) seigel duct d) partridge duct

Wharton duct

Normally how many parathyroid glands are found within the adult neck? a) 3 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8

4

A cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a : a) branchial cleft cyst b) follicular adenoma c) thyroglossal duct cyst d) parathyroid adenoma

branchial cleft cyst

Which of the following is associated with congenital muscular torticollis? a) fibromatosis colli b) branchial cleft cyst c) pleomorphic adenoma d) sialadenosis

fribromatosis colli

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism? a) graves disease b) hashimoto thyroiditis c) papillary carcinoma d) parathyroid adenoma

graves disease

Which of the following is the most common for of salivary gland cancer? a) mucoepidermoid carcinoma b) papillary carcinoma c) ancillary carcinoma d) medullary carcinoma

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Which gland is located immediately anterior to the ear? a) submandibular gland b) sublingual gland c) thyroid gland d) parotid gland

parotid gland

Psamma bodies are a) hyporechoic structures b) comet tail artifacts emanating from inside a colloid mass c) punctate calcific deposits d) mural or wall nodules within a solid nodule

punctate calcific deposits

The superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is referred to as the : a) thyroglossal duct b) branchial cleft c) yodeler's lobe d) pyramidal lobe

pyramidal lobe

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture leading to dysfunction of the salivary glands and dryness of the nose, skin, eyes, and mouth? a) wharton syndrome b) sjogren syndrome c) stenson syndrome d) sialadenosis syndrome

sjogren syndrome

Which muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe? a) sternocleidomastoid b) longus colli c) sternohyoid d) omohyoid

sternocleidomastoid

What is the first branch of the external carotid artery ? a) ICA b) optic artery c) superior thyroid artery d) inferior thyroid artery

superior thyroid artery

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as: a) branchial cleft cysts b) follicular adenomas c) thyroglossal cysts d) parathyroid adenomas

thyroglossal cyst

Which of the following is the hormone that is most abundantly produced by the thyroid? a) thyroxine b) iodine c) triiodothyronine d) calcitonin

thyroxine

A 30 year old patient presents to the US department for a thyroid US. History of weight loss hair loss and hyperthyroidism. You note the patient has bulging eyes. What is the most likely diagnosis? a) hashimoto thyroiditis b) graves disease c) hyperparathyroidism d) cervical lymphadenopathy

graves disease

Which abnormality is associated with the sonographic findings of a thyroid inferno: a) hashimotos thyroiditis b) graves disease c) hyperparathyroidism d) cervical lymphadenopathy

graves disease

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?a) graves disease b) hashimoto disease c) papillary carcinoma d) parathyroid adenoma

hashimoto disease

All of the following are sonographic findings of malignant thyroid nodules except: a) internal calcifications b) hyperechoic mass c) cervical lymph node involvement d) solitary mass

hyperchoic mass

A 45 year old female patient presents to the sonography department with a palpable neck mass 6 months following a thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. Which of the following would be most likely etiology of the palpable mass? a) torticollis b) lymphadenopathy c) sialadenitis d) graves disease

lymphadenopathy

In the presence of Hashimoto thyroiditis the thyroid produces : a) too many thyroid hormones b) too much calcium c) to few thyroid hormone d) too much iodine

to few thyroid hormones

All of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyroid nodule except : a) anechoic nodule b) eggshell calcification c) hyperchoic nodule d) cold nodule

cold nodule

Which of the following would more likely be a malignant thyroid nodule? a) cold nodule b) hot nodule

cold nodule

The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as : a) thyroxine b) calcitonin c) colloid d) triiodothyronine

colloid

What type of gland is the thyroid gland? a) endocrine b) exocrine c) both A and B d) neither A or B

endocrine

A patient with hypercalcemia presents to the US department for a neck US. What abnormality in the neck should be suspected? a) parathyroid adenoma b) parotid gland enlargement c) thyroid papillary carcinoma d) hasimoto thyroiditis

parathyoird adenoma

A normal lymph node will not measure greater than: a) 8 mm b) 5 mm c) 12 mm d) 10 mm

10 mm

Which of the following best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node ? a) a hypoechoic oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum b) a rounded echogenic structure with small calcifications c) a solid hypoechoic mass that measures greater than 1 cm d) a solid echogenic mass that measures less than 1 cm

a hypoechoic oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum

Parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient? a) Thyroxine (T4) b) Triiodothyronine (T3) c) Calcitonin d) Calcium

calcium

What structure may be confused for a thyroid or parathyroid mass because of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland? a) esophagus b) CCA c) internal jugular vein d) sternohyoid

esophagus

Which of the following is the term for stones within the salivary duct? a) Sjogren Syndrome b) torticollis c) cervical lymphadenopathy d) sialolithiasis

sialolithiasis

Which muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect? a) omohyoid b) longus colli c) sternocleidomastoid d) infrahyoid

sternocleidomastoid

Which muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland? a) sternocleidomastoid b) longus colli c) thyrocervical trunk d) strap

strap muscles

A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than ______ is indicative of thyroid enlargement. a) 8 mm b) 5 mm c) 12 mm d) 10 mm

10 mm

Which of the following is the most common form of thyroid cancer ? a) follicular b) anaplastic c) lymphoma d) papillary

papillary

With which of the following is elevated serum calcium associated ? a) graves disease b) thyroglossal duct cyst c) parathyroid adenoma d) thyroid adenoma

parathyroid adenoma

All of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid gland except: a) thyroxine b) iodine c) triiodothyronine d) calcitonin

iodine

Which of the following does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormones? a) colloid b) iodine c) iron d) calcium

iodine

Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe? a) sternocleidomastoid b) longus colli c) sternohyoid d) omohyoid

longus colli

All of the following are sonographic findings of an abnormal lymph node except: a) rounded shape b) echogenic hilum c) calcifications d) enlargement

echogenic hilum