Perfusion PrepU
A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. Which of the following will the nurse be sure to emphasize?
"Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure.
A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. For a client without diabetes mellitus, the target blood pressure is 140/90 or lower. Because this client has diabetes mellitus, the target blood pressure will be which of the following
130/80 or lower
Officially, hypertension is diagnosed when the patient demonstrates a systolic blood pressure greater than ______ mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure greater than _____ mm Hg over a sustained period.
140,90
A nurse educator is providing information to a small group of clients about hypertension. A participant asks what her target blood pressure should be. The nurse is aware of the target goals of the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7). Which of the following reflects the goal for blood pressure readings for people without co-morbidities?
140/90 or lower
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The physician orders furosemide (lasix) 2 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 24 kg. The medication comes in a single-use vial that contains 40 mg in 4 mL (10 mg/mL). How much will the nurse draw up for this client's dose?
4.8 mL
A nurse is providing education about hypertension to a community group. One client reports that his doctor has diagnosed him with hypertension, but that he feels just fine. He asks, "What would happen if I did not treat my hypertension?" Which of the following are possible consequences of untreated hypertension? Choose all that apply.
> Coronary artery disease > Myocardial infarction >Stroke
A nurse providing education about hypertension to a community group is discussing the high risk for cardiovascular complications. Which of the following are risk factors for cardiovascular problems in clients with hypertension? Choose all that apply
> smoking > diabetes mellitus > physical inactivity
A female client, aged 82, visits the clinic for a blood pressure (BP) check. Her hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about her blood pressure medicine?
A possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when you stand
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The nurse is correct to realize that a 24-hour urine is ordered to determine if the cause of hypertension is related to the dysfunction of which of the following?
Adrenal gland
The nurse is caring for an elderly client with a diagnosis of hypertension, who is taking several antihypertensive medications. Which saftey precaution is the nurse most likely to reinforce?
Changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension
The nurse is administering medications on a medical surgical unit. A patient is ordered to receive 40 mg of oral Corgard (nadolol) for the treatment of hypertension. Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should complete which of the following?
Checking patient heart rate
The nurse is administering medications on a medical surgical unit. A patient is ordered to receive 40 mg of oral Corgard (nadolol) for the treatment of hypertension. Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should complete which of the following?
Checking the patient's heart rate
A nurse educator is providing information about hypertension to a small group of clients. A participant asks what she can do to decrease her blood pressure and thus her risk for heart problems. The nurse describes modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors can the client modify?
Dyslipidemia
Which diagnostic is the recommended method of determining whether left ventricular hypertrophy has occurred?
Echocardiogram
A patient with long-standing hypertension is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive urgency. The physician orders a chest x-ray, which reveals an enlarged heart. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for to determine left ventricular enlargement?
Echocardiography
Which of the following diagnostic tests may reveal an enlarged left ventricle?
Echocardiography
A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult. What type of hypertension does this client have?
Essential (primary)
A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. The nurse knows that antihypertensive drugs commonly cause fatigue and dizziness, especially on rising. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?
Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly
The nurse is creating a community teaching demonstration focusing on the cause of blood pressure. When completing the visual aid, which body structures represent the mechanism of blood pressure?
Heart and blood vessels
Which of the following would be inconsistent as a component of metabolic syndrome?
Hypotension
The nurse understands that patient education related to antihypertensive medication should include all of the following instructions except which of the following?
If a dosage of medication is missed double up on the next one to catch up
Aging is positively correlated to the incidence of hypertension. This is due to three of the following four structural or functional changes. Which choice is not considered a cause?
Increased ability to exert diastolic pressure
A client experiences orthostatic hypotension while receiving frusemide (Lasix) to treat hypertension. How should the nurse intervene?
Instruct the client to sit for several minutes before standing
A nurse is educating about lifestyle modifications for a group of clients with newly diagnosed hypertension. While discussing dietary changes, which of the following points would the nurse emphasize?
It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to decreased salt intake.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The patient's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV Nitropress (nitroprusside). Upon assessment, which of the following patient findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
Left arm numbness and weakness
A nurse is providing education about lifestyle modifications to a group of clients who have been newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse would include all the following statesments except:
Limit alcohol consumption to no more that 3 drinks per day for men and 2 drinks per day for women.
Which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage hypertension?
Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure
The nurse is caring for an 82-year-old male client who has come to the clinic for a yearly physical. When assessing the client, the nurse notes the blood pressure (BP) is 140/93. The nurse knows that in older clients what happens that may elevate the systolic BP?
Loss of arterial elasticity
A client hospitalized for treatment of hypertension is being prepared for discharge. Which teaching topic should the nurse should be sure to cover?
Maintaining a low-sodium diet
A 77-year-old client has newly diagnosed stage 2 hypertension. The physician has prescribed a thiazide and an angio-converting enzyme inhibitor. About what is the nurse most concerned?
Postural hypotension and resulting injury
A patient is taking amiloride (Midamor) and lisinopril (Zestril) for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the patient is taking these two medications together?
Potassium level
The nurse is caring for a patient with systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg. This finding would be classified as which of the following?
Prehypertension
Which of the following findings indicates that hypertension is progressing to target organ damage?
Retinal blood vessel damage
A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension?
Secondary
Which of the following terms describes high blood pressure from an identified cause, such as renal disease?
Secondary Hypertension
The nurse is instructing a client who is newly prescribed an antihypertensive medication. Which nursing instruction is emphasized to maintain client safety?
Sit on the edge of the chair and rise slowly
A nurse providing education about hypertension to a community group is discussing the high risk for cardiovascular complications. Which of the following are risk factors for cardiovascular problems in clients with hypertension? Choose all that apply.
Smoking Diabetes mellitus Physical inactivity
The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diuretic medication for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse recognizes that which of the following medications conserves potassium?
Spironolactone
A nursing class is practicing measurement of blood pressure. One otherwise healthy participant, 46 years old, is 138/90. This man requires follow-up. In which classification of hypertension is he according to the JNC 7 (Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood pressure) recommendation?
Stage 1
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The nurse is correct to realize that a 24-hour urine is ordered to determine if the cause of hypertension is related to the dysfunction of which of the following?
The adrenal gland
Why is it important for the nurse to implement measures to relieve emotional stress for patients with hypertension?
The reduction of stress decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.
A client in a clinic setting has just been diagnosed with hypertension. She asks what the end goal is for treatment. The correct reply from the nurse is which of the following?
To prevent complications/death by achieving and maintaining a blood pressure of 140/90 or less
A patient is being treated for hypertensive emergency. When treating this patient, the priority goal is to lower the mean blood pressure (BP) by which percentage in the first hour?
Up to 25%
Which of the following statements are true when the nurse is measuring blood pressure (BP)? Select all that apply.
Using a BP cuff that is too small will give a higher BP measurement. The patient's arm should be positioned at the level of the heart. Ask the patient to sit quietly while the BP is being measured.
The nurse is working on a busy cardiac unit caring for four hypertensive clients. Which client description would the nurse assess first because the client is at an increased risk for malignant hypertension?
a client with anorexia and history of no healthcare insurance
When treating hypertensive emergencies, the nurse identifies the most appropriate route of administration for antihypertensive agents as being which of the following
continuous IV infusion
You are doing the final checklist before sending home a 63-year-old female who has been newly diagnosed with hypertension. She is going to be starting her first antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things you should tell her and her husband to watch for?
dizziness
A nurse educator is providing information about hypertension to a small group of clients. A participant asks what she can do to decrease her blood pressure and thus her risk for heart problems. The nurse describes modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors can the client modify?
dyslipidemia
A blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg is considered to be
hypertension
A nurse working in the clinic is seeing a client who has just been prescribed a new medication for hypertension. The client asks why hypertension is sometimes called the "silent killer." The nurse's correct response is which of the following?
hypertension often causes no symptoms
Which of the following describes a situation in which the blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage?
hypertensive emergency
It is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for patients with hypertension because nicotine
increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.
A 77-year-old client has newly diagnosed stage 2 hypertension. The physician has prescribed a thiazide and an angio-converting enzyme inhibitor. About what is the nurse most concerned?
postural hypotension and resulting injury
The nurse is caring for a patient with systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg. This finding would be classified as which of the following?
pre hypertension
A patient is flying overseas for 1 week for business and packed antihypertensive medications in a suitcase. After arriving at the intended destination, the patient found that the luggage had been stolen. If the patient cannot take the medication, what condition becomes a concern?
rebound hypertension
A nurse is teaching a 38-year-old man with newly diagnosed hypertension who asks if there is any harm in stopping his antihypertensive medication if he decides to discontinue it. The correct reply addresses the consequence of stopping antihypertensive medications abruptly. Which of the following statements from the nurse would be appropriate?
rebound hypertension can occur
A patient is brought to the emergency department with complaints of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained by the nurse is 260/180 mm Hg. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure?
reduce the blood pressure by 20% to 25% within the first hour of treatment
A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension?
secondary
Hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed which of the following
secondary
A nurse is teaching the Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a group of clients who are newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse will include all the following points except:
three to four regular daily foods per day
During a routine physical examination, the nurse assesses a blood pressure reading of 150/90 mm Hg. The patient's blood work indicates several abnormal results. The health care provider informs the nurse that he suspects that the patient has metabolic syndrome. The nurse knows that this diagnosis is associated with three classic signs/symptoms. Select all that apply.
A blood pressure reading greater than 130/85 mm Hg Dyslipidemia and/or abdominal obesity Insulin resistance
A nurse is discussing with a nursing student how to accurately measure blood pressure. Which of the following points does the nurse emphasize?
A cuff that is too small will give a false high blood pressure.
A female client, aged 82, visits the clinic for a blood pressure (BP) check. Her hypertension is not well controlled, and a new blood pressure medicine is prescribed. What is important for the nurse to teach this client about her blood pressure medicine?
a possible adverse effect of blood pressure medicine is dizziness when yous tand
A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. Which of the following will the nurse be sure to emphasize?
sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure
You are part of a group of nursing students who are making a presentation on chronic hypertension. What is one subject you would need to include in your presentation as a possible consequence of untreated chronic hypertension?
stroke
