PH 174: Global Health Ethics

What is the Institutional Review Board (IRB) charged with?

-Protecting the rights and welfare of human subjects. -Assuring that all applicable institutional policies and federal regulations related to research with human subjects are followed. -Reviewing subject recruitment materials and strategies.

Which of the following examples of using the internet to conduct research meets the federal definition of research with human subjects?

Conducting an online focus group with cancer survivors to determine familial support systems. The researcher also invites subjects' significant others to be a part of the focus group.

The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that: A. The study makes a significant contribution to generalizable knowledge. B. Subjects derive individual benefit from study participation. C. Risks are managed so that they are no more than minimal. D. Potential benefits justify the risks of harm.

D. Potential benefits justify the risks of harm.

Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficiaries is applied to a study involving human subjects?

Ensuring that risks are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the requirement for the documentation of minor's asset to participate in research?

Federal regulations do not require the documentation of minor's assent.

Randomized Control Study

Gold Standard Case

The age of majority in international research is determined by the

Laws, customs, and norms in the area in which the research will be conducted.

What statement about risks in social and behavioral sciences research is most accurate?

Risks are specific to time, place and culture.

Nihilism

So, it looks like as though the moral case is more like the witch case than the simultaneously case: there are no relativistic cousins of "right" and "wrong". Denial of moral absolutism leads to relativism, but to nihilism.

According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition of research with human subjects?

As experiment is proposed on the relationship between gender-related stereotypes in math and the subsequent performance by males and females on math tests.

A researchers proposes a study and wants to recruit subjects from health care clinics in Jamaica. The survey will be conducted by the US researchers at the clinic. The nurses at the clinic will inform prospective subjects about the availability of the research, but will not consent the subjects nor perform any research procedures (even screening procedures). Are the nurses engaged in the research according to federal regulations?

No, they are not engaged because they are only informing the subjects and not consenting pr performing any research procedure, or receiving or sharing any private, identifiable information.

A researcher is studying women recently admitted to a state prison. All potential subjects must have children under the age of five. Research subjects will be given a basket of toys to use at their children's first visit that the children can take home. In assessing this proposal, the IRB needs to determine that the toys are:

Not an excessive incentive

The history of ethical regulations in human subjects research began with the

Nuremburg Code

Investigators wish to evaluate a new treatment for eclampsia (a life threatening condition in pregnant women) in women 30-50 years of age. The research is intended to directly benefit the pregnant women who is otherwise healthy and competent. The investigator must obtain consent from whom?

Th pregnant women only

What is parochialism objection to human rights?

The parochialism to human rights can be objected due to its limitations. As it can be defined as a general protection of an individual wherever they go, it can also be of more danger due to the variety of complex laws and regulations throughout the globe. This can cause there to be loop holes in the system and cause even more threat to someone who is unaware of the foreign land they are in.

Nonmaleficence

duty to do no harm

The standard of care in cases of medical negligence is measured against:

What is expected of a reasonable doctor