Pharamacology 125 EAQ

An endoscopic sphincterotomy is scheduled to remove a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct. The client asks the nurse about pain during the procedure. Which statement would the nurse provide? "All you'll need is an oral painkiller." "Epidural anesthesia usually is given." "You will get a local injection at the site." "An intravenous [IV] sedative usually is administered."

"An intravenous [IV] sedative usually is administered."

A client with epilepsy is prescribed phenytoin for seizure control. Which instruction about phenytoin will the nurse provide during discharge teaching? "Antiseizure medications will probably be continued for life." "Phenytoin prevents any further occurrence of seizures." "This medication needs to be taken during periods of emotional stress." "Your antiseizure medication usually can be stopped after a year's absence of seizures."

"Antiseizure medications will probably be continued for life."

A client is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the health care provider prescribes a combination of rifampin and isoniazid. The nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding the medications is effective when the client reports which action as most important? "Report any changes in vision." "Take the medicine with my meals." "Call my doctor if my urine or tears turn red-orange." "Continue taking the medicine even after I feel better."

"Continue taking the medicine even after I feel better."

The provider prescribes one unit of packed red blood cells to be administered to a client. To ensure the client's safety, which action will the nurse take during administration of blood products? -Stay with client during first 15 minutes of infusion. -Flush packed red blood cells with 5% dextrose and 0.45% normal saline. -Remove the intravenous catheter if a blood transfusion reaction occurs. -Administer the red blood cells through a percutaneously inserted central catheter line with a 20-gauge needle.

-Stay with client during first 15 minutes of infusion.

The health care provider prescribes a blood transfusion for a client with esophageal varices. Place the following nursing actions in the correct order. Verify the blood product with another nurse against the client's identification (ID) bracelet. Establish intravenous (IV) access with IV normal saline. Monitor the client's vital signs and status according to agency policy. Check the client's vital signs.

1. Establish intravenous (IV) access with IV normal saline. 2. Verify the blood product with another nurse against the client's identification (ID) bracelet. 3. Check the client's vital signs. 4. Monitor the client's vital signs and status according to agency policy.

A client is to receive metoclopramide 15 mg orally before meals. The concentrated solution contains 10 mg/mL. How many milliliters of solution will the nurse administer? Record your answer using one decimal place. _____ mL

1.5 mL

A client is to receive 0.22 g of zinc sulfate by mouth. Each tablet contains 110 mg. How many tablets will the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number. _____ tablets

2

Metformin 2 g by mouth is prescribed for a client with type 2 diabetes. Each tablet contains 500 mg. How many tablets will the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number. ____________

4 Tablets

An intravenous (IV) antibiotic in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride needs to be administered over 20 minutes. The nurse will set the infusion pump to deliver how many milliliters per hour? Record your answer using a whole number. ___ mL/h

50 mL

To be a universal recipient, a person must have which blood type? O A AB B

AB

After cataract surgery, a client reports feeling nauseated. How can the nurse prevent vomiting? Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication. Provide some dry crackers for the client to eat. Explain that this is expected after surgery. Teach how to breathe deeply until the nausea subsides.

Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.

After a surgical thyroidectomy a client exhibits carpopedal spasm and tremors. The client reports tingling in the fingers and around the mouth. The nurse suspects a deficiency in which mineral? Potassium Calcium Magnesium Sodium

Calcium

The health care provider prescribes an oral hypoglycemic medication for the client with type 2 diabetes. Which statement will the nurse need to consider when developing the teaching plan? Oral hypoglycemics work by decreasing absorption of carbohydrates. Oral hypoglycemics work by stimulating the pancreas to produce insulin. Clients taking oral hypoglycemics may subconsciously relax dietary rules to gain a sense of control. Serious adverse effects are not a problem for oral hypoglycemics.

Clients taking oral hypoglycemics may subconsciously relax dietary rules to gain a sense of control.

Which goal is the priority for a client with asthma who has a prescription for an inhaled bronchodilator? Is able to obtain pulse oximeter readings Demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler Knows the health care provider's office hours Can identify triggers that may cause wheezing

Demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler

A client is treated with lorazepam for status epilepticus. Which effect of lorazepam is the reason it is given? Decreases anxiety associated with seizures Promotes rest after the seizure episode Depresses the central nervous system (CNS) Provides amnesia for the convulsive episode

Depresses the central nervous system (CNS)

A client is receiving metoprolol. Which potential effect will the nurse teach the client to expect? 1. Dizziness with strenuous activity 2. Acceleration of the heart rate after eating a heavy meal 3. Flushing sensations after taking the medication 4. Pounding of the heart

Dizziness with strenuous activity

Why would lactulose be prescribed for a client with a history of cirrhosis of the liver? The desire to drink alcohol is decreased. Diarrhea is controlled and prevented. Elevated ammonia levels are lowered. Abdominal distension secondary to ascites is decreased

Elevated ammonia levels are lowered.

A client who takes rifampin tells the nurse, "My urine looks orange." Which action would the nurse take? Explain that this is expected. Check the liver enzymes. Ask the provider to order a urinalysis. Ask what foods were eaten.

Explain that this is expected.

Which life-threatening complication may occur in clients taking high-dose or long-term ibuprofen? Anaphylaxis Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding Cardiac dysrhythmia Disulfiram reaction

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding

A health care provider prescribes milrinone for a client with congestive heart failure. Which action would the nurse perform first? Administer the loading dose over 10 minutes. Monitor the electrocardiogram (ECG) continuously for dysrhythmias during infusion. Assess the heart rate and blood pressure continuously during infusion. Have the prescription, dosage calculations, and pump settings checked by a second nurse

Have the prescription, dosage calculations, and pump settings checked by a second nurse

A client who receives NPH insulin every morning reports feeling nervous at 4:30 PM. The nurse observes that the client's skin is moist and cool. Which condition is the client likely experiencing? Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic state Ketoacidosis Glycogenesis Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Which mechanism of action explains how hydrochlorothiazide increases urine output? Increases the excretion of sodium Increases the glomerular filtration rate Decreases the reabsorption of potassium Increases renal perfusion

Increases the excretion of sodium

A client takes furosemide and digoxin for heart failure. Why would the nurse advise the client to drink a glass of orange juice every day? Maintaining potassium levels Preventing increased sodium levels Limiting the medications' synergistic effects Correcting the associated dehydration

Maintaining potassium levels

A client with a diagnosis of anemia is receiving packed red blood cells. Which nursing action is important when administering the transfusion? -Having the client tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) before administering the blood transfusion -Assessing the client for fluid overload -Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes -Assuring that the transfusion flows at a consistent rate during the procedure

Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes

A client who has been diagnosed with a myocardial infarction receives digoxin, fluoxetine, morphine, and docusate sodium. Which medication would the nurse identify as a risk factor for straining due to constipation? Digoxin Morphine Docusate Fluoxetine

Morphine

After surgery for cancer, a client is to receive chemotherapy. When teaching the client about the side effects of chemotherapy, which information will the nurse share about alopecia characteristics? Usually rare Not permanent Frequently prolonged Usually preventable

Not permanent

Sublingual nitroglycerin has been prescribed for a client with unstable angina. Which client response indicates that nitroglycerin is effective? Pain subsides as a result of arteriole and venous dilation. Pulse rate increases because the cardiac output has been stimulated. Sublingual area tingles because sensory nerves are being triggered. Capacity for activity improves as a response to increased collateral circulation

Pain subsides as a result of arteriole and venous dilation.

A client has a prescription for a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. Which technique will the nurse teach the client to use? Place the pill inside the cheek and let it dissolve. Place the pill under the tongue and let it dissolve. Chew the pill thoroughly and then swallow it. Swallow the pill with a full glass of water.

Place the pill under the tongue and let it dissolve.

Which relationship reflects the relationship of naloxone to morphine sulfate? Aspirin to warfarin Amoxicillin to infection Enoxaparin to dalteparin Protamine sulfate to heparin

Protamine sulfate to heparin

A client diagnosed with tuberculosis is taking isoniazid. To prevent a food and medication interaction, the nurse will advise the client to avoid which food item? Hot dogs Red wine Sour cream Grapefruit juice

Red wine

Dexamethasone has been prescribed for a client after a craniotomy for a brain tumor. Which physiological response is responsible for this medication's therapeutic effect? Reduced cell growth Reduced cerebral edema Increased renal reabsorption Increased response to sedation

Reduced cerebral edema

Which condition would the nurse monitor for in the client on aminoglycoside therapy and skeletal muscle relaxants? Stroke Respiratory arrest Myocardial infarction Abdominal discomfort

Respiratory arrest

A client takes morphine sulfate for severe metastatic bone pain. The nurse will assess the client for which adverse effect? Diarrhea Addiction Respiratory depression Diuresis

Respiratory depression

Twenty minutes after an infusion of packed red blood cells begins, the client complains of chest pain, difficulty breathing, and feeling cold. Which is the first action the nurse will take? Stop the transfusion. Notify the health care provider. Provide several warm blankets. Assess vital signs.

Stop the transfusion.

A client with gastric ulcer disease asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed metronidazole. Which purpose would the nurse provide? To augment the immune response To potentiate the effect of antacids To treat Helicobacter pylori infection To reduce hydrochloric acid secretion

To treat Helicobacter pylori infection