Pharm

What type of medication is heparin? Antiplatelet Anticoagulant Thrombolytic Antihypertensive

Anticoagulant

A patient has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. What class of medications is expected to be prescribed? Anticholinergics Anticoagulants Proton pump inhibitors Histamine blockers

Anticoagulants

A patient is ordered subcutaneous heparin every 8 hours. When the patient asks what this medication is for, what is the nurse's best answer? "It is to prevent you from developing a blood clot." "It will keep your current clots from getting bigger." "Everyone is on this medication." "It allows us to trend your aPTT levels."

"It is to prevent you from developing a blood clot."

A patient is on a heparin infusion. Which lab value is used to titrate this medication? International normalized ratio (INR) Prothrombin time (PT) Activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT) Hemoglobin

Activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT)

What is the drug of choice to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)? Atenolol Amlodipine Atropine Adenosine

Adenosine -Rationale: The goal for treating SVT is to break or slow down the heart rate; adenosine will accomplish this. Atenolol is a beta blocker, amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker, and atropine is indicated for bradycardia.

A patient who recently started taking a statin reports new muscle cramps and weakness. What is the nurse's priority intervention? A) Encourage stretching and weightlifting. B) Assess for rhabdomyolysis. C) Review previously documented strength assessments. D) Increase the dose of the statin since it is not working.

B) Assess for rhabdomyolysis.

Which juice should be avoided when taking a statin? A) Orange B) Apple C) Grapefruit D) Pineapple

C) Grapefruit

What condition indicates the need to administer nitroglycerin? Headache Dizziness Chest pain Palpitations

Chest pain

Which medication is an example of an antiplatelet? Atropine Clopidogrel Warfarin Alteplase

Clopidogrel

Which finding is not an adverse effect of nitroglycerin? Hypotension Constipation Headache Weakness

Constipation

When should a statin be administered? A) Before breakfast B) With morning medications C) Midafternoon D) In the evening

D) In the evening

Which lab values does not need to be assessed routinely when a patient is on a statin? A) High-density lipoprotein (HDL) B) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) C) Liver function tests D) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

D) Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. Which medication will the RN expect to be prescribed? Dopamine Dobutamine Desmopressin Diazepam

Dobutamine -Dobutamine is a medication used to improve contractility and is the drug of choice for cardiogenic shock. Dopamine, desmopressin, and diazepam are not indicated for improving contractility.

What is the preferred route to administer epinephrine during anaphylactic shock? Subcutaneously Orally Intramuscularly Intravenously

Intramuscularly

How does nitroglycerin work? It vasoconstricts veins, arteries, and capillaries. It increases myocardial contractility. It vasodilates veins, arteries, and capillaries. It increases metabolic demand.

It vasodilates veins, arteries, and capillaries.

Which intervention should be implemented for patients on any medications that increase the risk of bleeding? Utilize basic razors. Encourage intramuscular (IM) injections. Monitor for dark stools. Disregard fall precautions.

Monitor for dark stools.

How should intravenous (IV) heparin be administered? By gravity, counting drips By an advanced practice RN On a pump with guardrails On a pressure bag

On a pump with guardrails

Which factor is an absolute contraindication to receiving a thrombolytic? Ischemic stroke Pregnancy Appendectomy 2 years ago Controlled hypertension

Pregnancy

What is the antidote for heparin? Vitamin K Protease inhibitors Vitamin D Protamine sulfate

Protamine sulfate

A nurse is administering nitroglycerin to a patient. What is the priority intervention? Stay with the patient. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes. Send the patient to the cardiac catheterization lab. Encourage incentive spirometry.

Stay with the patient.

A patient is on a heparin infusion. How does the nurse know if the medication is infusing at a therapeutic rate? The international normalized ratio (INR) is between 2 and 3. The prothrombin time (PT) is 1.5 to 2 times the normal time. The activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT) is 1.5 to 2.5 times the normal time. The potassium level is between 3.5 and 5.

The activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT) is 1.5 to 2.5 times the normal time.

A patient has an ejection fraction (EF) of 35%. What does this indicate? The patient has an optimally functioning heart. The patient is in diastolic heart failure. The patient is in systolic heart failure. The patient is at risk for developing heart failure

The patient is in systolic heart failure.

How do anticoagulants work? Thin the blood to prevent clots and stop clots from getting bigger. Prevent platelets from sticking to stents. Dissolve clots. Decrease bleeding times.

Thin the blood to prevent clots and stop clots from getting bigger.

Which is not a cause of hypotension? a) hypovolemia b) vagal response c) Activation of the sympathetic nervous system d) shock

c) Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

A nurse is administering a beta blocker to a patient who has heart failure. Which statement may be part of the nurse's patient education? "This medication will help your heart beat faster." "This medication will help your symptoms only." "This medication will improve your survival and symptoms of heart failure." "This medication helps get rid of the extra fluid in your body."

"This medication will improve your survival and symptoms of heart failure."