pharm ch 18
Your client receives IV vancomycin every 12 hours. You know that this infusion should run over
1 to 2 hours.
Penicillins may trigger an anaphylactic reaction in some clients. Within what period following injection of a penicillin is anaphylaxis most likely to occur?
30 min
A health care provider prescribes a client 3.375 g piperacillin sodium and tazobactam (Zosyn) every six hours. After reconstitution, the concentration of the drug is 2.25 g/50 mL. Which quantity of the reconstituted solution should the nurse administer to the client?
75 mL
Beta-lactam antibacterial drugs, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, combat infection by binding to proteins in bacterial cell membranes. What does this binding produce?
A defective cell wall
A male client is admitted to the unit with Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. The health care provider orders aminoglycoside to be given concomitantly with penicillin intravenously. How would the nurse administer these drugs?
By administering the drug in separate IV bags. The drugs should not be admixed in a syringe or in an IV solution, because the penicillin inactivates the aminoglycoside.
Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, fight infection by inhibiting development of the causative bacteria. What specific component development do these drugs affect?
Cell wall synthesis
A female client is admitted to the critical care unit with sepsis related to a contaminated central line. The health care provider orders intravenous beta-lactam antimicrobials. The client's current laboratory report reflects renal impairment. What would the nurse expect the provider to do?
Decrease the drug dose.
The nurse is admitting a 12-year-old child to the acute care facility and notices discolored secondary teeth. The parent says they doesn't know why the teeth are discolored because the child is very good about brushing and flossing and sees the dentist regularly. What question should the nurse ask?
Have they ever received tetracycline? (causes discoloration of teeth in kids who still have primary teeth)
Penicillins and cephalosporins are used cautiously in neonates due to what factor?
Immature kidney function
An older adult is to receive a low dose of a cephalosporin for an infection. When realizing that this client has age-related diminished renal function, what intervention should the nurse implement?
Monitor blood creatinine levels
Which of the following should a nurse carefully monitor in a patient who has been administered cephalosporin as well as aminoglycosides for a wound infection?
Nephrotoxicity
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins
Oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin
A health care center is conducting a seminar on cephalosporins drugs. During the question-and-answer period, the audience wants examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following infections should the nurse state as examples?
Urinary Tract Infection
The nurse is caring for a 23-year-old female client who uses oral contraceptives and has been prescribed ampicillin for treatment of a respiratory infection. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client?
Use a type of barrier birth control while you are taking this antibiotic