Pharm Ch 9
For which patient would the nurse contact the physician to question an order for gentamicin?
A 52-year-old male with an infection of his AV fistula graft
A 25-year-old female patient who presents at the clinic with vaginal discharge and discomfort is diagnosed with chlamydia. The nurse knows that the drug of choice to treat this infection is doxycycline. What would be a priority assessment for this patient before beginning the medication?
Asking the patient if she is pregnant
Drugs that destroy the bacteria are known as which of the following?
Bacteriocidal
A client who takes zinc daily is diagnosed with a severe infection and is ordered levofloxacin (Levaquin). The nurse is aware that taking these two drugs may have what affect on the antibiotic?
Decreased absorption
A patient has been prescribed a tetracycline drug for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The patient also takes antacids. Which of the following effects is likely to occur due to an interaction between the two drugs?
Decreased absorption of tetracycline
The nurse is preparing teaching plan for a patient who is prescribed ceftriaxone. Which of the following would the nurse explain as common adverse effects associated with this drug?
Diarrhea and abdominal pain
After teaching a group of students about aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which drug as the prototype for this class?
Gentamicin
Aminoglycosides are used primarily in the treatment on what type of infection?
Gram-negative infections
Which of the following represents the mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones?
Interference with the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
A patient with septicemia is administered cefotaxime sodium (Claforan). How is this medication excreted?
It is excreted by the kidneys.
Macrolides must be used with caution in clients who have which of the following conditions?
Liver dysfunction
A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient?
Monitoring blood creatinine levels.
You are administering erythromycin to one of your patients. For what common side effects should you monitor the patient?
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
The client has been taking a fluoroquinolone and calls the physician's office to report that she is experiencing redness and is excoriated in her groin area. What is the best response of the nurse?
Notify the physician.
When preparing to administer a fluoroquinolone, the nurse understands that the majority of drugs belonging to this class are administered by which route?
Oral
A client is receiving levofloxacin (Levaquin) IV. During an infusion, the client complains of pain and the nurse notes a reddened area along the vein. What does the nurse suspect?
Phlebitis
A young lifeguard has been prescribed moxifloxacin (Avelox). The nurse focuses education on which adverse reaction?
Photosensitivity
The nurse is aware that sulfonamide therapy is used cautiously in older adults because of decreased function of what organ system?
Renal
Prior to and following a transurethral prostatic resection (TUPR), a 73-year-old man has been scheduled to receive a total of five intravenous doses of cefazolin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse associate with this antibiotic therapy?
Risk for Infection related to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms
The nurse understands that an infection caused by a secondary pathogen, which can occur during prolonged antibiotic therapy, is known as which of the following?
Superinfection
The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has occurred?
The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has occurred?
A patient is to begin taking tobramycin (Nebcin) for a nosocomial infection. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize?
The peak and trough blood levels
A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her primary care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How will the patient's pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her conjunctivitis?
The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
You are the nurse caring for Mr. Meyer, a 52-year-old man with pyelonephritis. The physician has prescribed gentamicin. Which pair of symptoms would alert the nurse to a serious adverse reaction?
Tinnitus and decreased urinary output
A patient's risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity increases dramatically if he receives an aminoglycoside in conjunction with a potent diuretic.
True
Lincosamides are similar to macrolides, but they are more toxic.
True
The nurse is caring for a female client age 23 years who uses oral contraceptives and has been prescribed ampicillin for treatment of a respiratory infection. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client?
Use a type of barrier birth control while you are taking this antibiotic.
gram-negative
bacteria that accept a negative stain and are frequently associated with infections of the genitourinary or GI tract
aerobic
bacteria that depend on oxygen for survival
anaerobic
bacteria that survive without oxygen, which are often see when blood flow is cut off to an area of the body
gram-positive
bacteria that take a positive stain and are frequently associated with infections of the respiratory tract and soft tissues
antibiotic
chemical that is able to inhibit the growth of specific bacteria or cause the death of susceptible bacteria
synergistic
drugs that work together to increase drug effectiveness. Their use allows patients to take a lower dose of each antibiotic to achieve the desired effect, which helps reduce the adverse effects that a particular drug may have
A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the drug
on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs.
A patient is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. She is allergic to penicillin and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in capsule form. The nurse will inform the patient that she will need to take the capsule
on an empty stomach.