Pharm Chapter 29

The client asks the nurse why cancer is difficult to cure. Which statement by the nurse is the most appropriate? 1. "Every cancer cell must be removed or destroyed to cure cancer." 2. "Most people will not take the medications." 3. "The only way to cure cancer is to use medication, surgery, and radiation in all clients." 4. "Surgery is the only way to cure cancer."

1. "Every cancer cell must be removed or destroyed to cure cancer."

A client asks whether a benign tumor is cancerous. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "No, these rarely require drug treatment." 2. "No, but if surgically removed, it will grow back." 3. "Yes, this word is often used interchangeably with tumor." 4. "Yes, these grow rapidly and can become resistant to treatment."

1. "No, these rarely require drug treatment."

The nurse is distinguishing differences between malignant and benign tumors. Which tumors would the nurse include in the list of benign tumors? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Adenoma 2. Lipoma 3. Carcinoma 4. Sarcoma 5. Melanoma

1. Adenoma 2. Lipoma

The nurse is reviewing methotrexate (Rheumatrex). Which types of tumors or cancers is this medication an effective part of the treatment regimen? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Bone cancers 2. Head and neck cancers 3. Benign cancers 4. Lymphoma 5. Testicular cancer

1. Bone cancers 2. Head and neck cancer 4. Lymphoma 5. Testicular cancer

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving doxorubicin (Adriamycin). Which serious adverse effect will the nurse monitor this client for during the assessment? 1. Cardiac toxicity 2. Hair loss 3. Vomiting 4. Secondary malignancies

1. Cardiac toxicity

The nurse is caring for a group of clients who are receiving chemotherapy. The nurse is preparing to administer the medications. Which medications does the nurse correctly identify as alkylating agents? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Cisplatin (Platinol) 2. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 3. Chlorambucil (Leukeran) 4. Estramustine (Emcyt) 5. Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A)

1. Cisplatin (Platinol) 2. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) 3. Chlorambucil (Leukeran) 4. Estramustine (Emcyt)

The nurse is teaching a client about the general goals of chemotherapy. What items should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Control 2. Prevention 3. Cure 4. Palliation 5. Extinction

1. Control 3. Cure 4. Palliation

The nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of anticancer drugs. Which topics should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Fatigue 2. Increase appetite 3. Alopecia 4. Anemia 5. Weight gain

1. Fatigue 3. Alopecia 4. Anemia

A client is undergoing antineoplastic therapy. The nurse, in an effort to minimize the toxic effects of therapy, administers which growth factor? 1. Filgrastim (Neupogen) 2. Megestrol (Megace) 3. Carmustine (Gliadel) 4. Teniposide (Vumon)

1. Filgrastim (Neupogen)

The nurse notes that the client is to receive radiation therapy. Which are the reasons radiation therapy is added to a cancer treatment plan? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Used for localized tumors 2. Used for palliation to shrink tumor size pressing on organs 3. Used before cancer chemotherapy is started 4. Added to all cancer treatment plans 5. Used to kill cancer cells after surgery

1. Used for localized tumors 2. Used for palliation to shrink tumor size pressing on organs 4. Added to all cancer treatment plans 5. Used to kill cancer cells after surgery

The client asks the nurse to explain ways to decrease the risk of cancer. Which items are appropriate for the nurse to include in client teaching? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Limit or eliminate alcoholic beverage use. 2. Maintain a healthy diet low in fat and high in fresh vegetables and fruit. 3. Exercise regularly and keep body weight within optimum guidelines. 4. Eliminate tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke. 5. Drink plenty of caffeinated beverages.

1. Limit or eliminate alcoholic beverage use. 2. Maintain a healthy diet low in fat and high in fresh vegetables and fruit. 3. Exercise regularly and keep body weight within optimum guidelines. 4. Eliminate tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke.

The nurse explains to the client why special dosing schedules are used to treat cancer. Which is a statement the nurse would state? 1. Special dosing schedules allow for normal cells time to recover from adverse effects. 2. Schedules are very rigid and follow the same time frame for all cancers. 3. The usual pattern is 6 weeks with the medication and then 6 weeks without the medication. 4. It has been shown that the dosing schedule depends on the stage of the disease.

1. Special dosing schedules allow for normal cells time to recover from adverse effects.

The nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with cancer. Which statements are true regarding cancer cells? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. The abnormal cells often travel to distant sites where they populate new tumors, a process called metastasis. 2. Cancer cells divide slowly. 3. Cancer cells lose their normal functions. 4. Cancer is thought to result from damage to genes controlling cell growth. 5. Cancer cells don't invade surrounding cells.

1. The abnormal cells often travel to distant sites where they populate new tumors, a process called metastasis. 3. Cancer cells lose their normal functions. 4. Cancer is thought to result from damage to genes controlling cell growth.

Which groups of antineoplastic medications have been extracted from plants? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Vinca alkaloids 2. Topoisomerase inhibitors 3. Taxanes 4. Alkylating agents 5. Antimetabolite agents

1. Vinca alkaloids 2. Topoisomerase inhibitors 3. Taxanes

A client recently diagnosed with ovarian cancer is concerned about alopecia while taking cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which response by the client reflects understanding of the teaching of cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)? 1. "I don't need to worry about losing my hair." 2. "My hair will probably grow back." 3. "I will never have hair again." 4. "Wigs only exacerbate the alopecia."

2. "My hair will probably grow back."

A client is diagnosed with bone cancer, and is placed on methotrexate (Mexate). What is the correct classification for this medication? 1. An alkaloid 2. An antimetabolite 3. An alkylating agent 4. An antitumor antibody

2. An antimetabolite

The nurse educates the client on possible side effects of chemotherapy. What should not be included in the teaching? 1. Nausea 2. Increased red blood cells 3. Hair loss 4. Decreased white blood cells

2. Increased red blood cells

The client asks the nurse what the possible treatments for cancer are. Which responses by the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. 1. Diet restrictions 2. Radiation 3. Chemotherapy 4. Surgery 5. Exercise

2. Radiation 3. Chemotherapy 4. Surger

A nurse is preparing to administer an antineoplastic medication. Upon reviewing the medication administration record, the nurse does not see a medication to prevent nausea and vomiting. Which group of medications is used for this purpose? 1. Analgesics 2. Serotonin receptor antagonists 3. Hematopoietic drugs 4. Alkylating drugs

2. Serotonin receptor antagonists

A client tells the nurse that they thought they were receiving cancer chemotherapy but they overheard the healthcare prescriber talking about antibiotics. Which is the nurse's best response? 1. The antibiotics used for cancer are the same for infectious diseases. 2. The cancer antibiotics have the ability to kill cancer cells. 3. All the antitumor antibiotics interact with the RNA similar to the hormone antagonists. 4. There are limited adverse effects of the antitumor antibiotics.

2. The cancer antibiotics have the ability to kill cancer cells.

A client is undergoing antineoplastic therapy with vincristine (Oncovin). Which statement by the client understands how this medication works? 1. Vincristine affects the cells by encouraging rapid division. 2. The medication is made from plant. 3. Immunosuppression is a serious and life-threatening adverse effect. 4. Alopecia is permanent.

2. The medication is made from plant.

The nurse explains to the client why combination therapy and special dosing schedules are used to treat cancer. Which client response indicates the need for further teaching? 1. "This is more effective than using one medication." 2. "Lower doses of the medications can be given." 3. "The medications need to be given in higher doses when used in combination." 4. "This reduces the resistance to medication."

3. "The medications need to be given in higher doses when used in combination."

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with Kaposi sarcoma. Which medication does the nurse anticipate to be included in the plan of care? 1. Letrozole (Femara) 2. Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) 3. Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A) 4. Paclitaxel (Taxol)

3. Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A)

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) has been prescribed orally for a client. What is the rationale for why this medication has been prescribed orally for this client? 1. There are few side effects when given orally. 2. It is only available parenterally. 3. It is one of only a few anticancer drugs that are well absorbed when given orally. 4. The client has a new diagnosis of cancer.

3. It is one of only a few anticancer drugs that are well absorbed when given orally.

The nurse is caring for a client who experiences nausea and vomiting with each treatment of chemotherapy. What should the nurse advise the client to do to decrease nausea and vomiting? 1. Do not eat for 12 hours before treatment 2. Increase food intake 3. Take antiemetic medications prior to treatment 4. Decrease water intake

3. Take antiemetic medications prior to treatment

A client with hairy cell leukemia complains of flu-like symptoms including fever, chill, dizziness, and fatigue during the first few weeks of chemotherapy. Which medication on the client's medication administration record (MAR) does the nurse anticipate is causing these symptoms? 1. Paclitaxel (Taxol) 2. Letrozole (Femara) 3. Daunorubicin liposomal (DaunoXome) 4. Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A)

4. Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A)

A client tells the nurse that they are confused by the terms benign and malignant tumors. Which best describes these terms? 1. Benign tumors grow rapidly and metastasize. 2. Malignant tumors grow slowly and do not require treatment. 3. Benign tumors need to be surgically removed and require antineoplastic therapy. 4. Malignant tumors are called cancer and become resistant to treatment.

4. Malignant tumors are called cancer and become resistant to treatment.

The nurse is caring for a client who has a tumor. The client is confused and states, "the healthcare provider used another term and I just want to be sure we are all on the same page." Which term does the nurse anticipate that the healthcare provider used when talking with the client? 1. Adenoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Carcinoma 4. Neoplasm

4. Neoplasm

A client with breast cancer is started on chemotherapy. Her daughter is started on the same drug prophylactically. The daughter is considered high risk for developing breast cancer. Which medication does the nurse anticipate has been prescribed to both the client and her daughter? 1. Anastrozole (Arimidex) 2. Medroxyprogesterone (Provera) 3. Goserelin (Zoladex) 4. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

4. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)