PHARM FINAL
Bacterial cells are different from human cells because they: 1. have a cell wall 2. synthesize DNA and RNA 3. contain a β-lactam ring 4. contain proteins
1. 1
1. A nurse working in the clinic asks how the sulfonamides control an infection. The most accurate answer is that these drugs _______. 1. encourage the production of antibodies 2. inhibit folic acid metabolism 3. reduce urine output 4. make the urine alkaline, which eliminates bacteria
1. 2
1.Manual redundancy activities help the nurse provide: 1. control over dangerous drugs 2. safety by recognizing error 3. reassurance to the patient 4. feedback to other providers
1. 2
Which of the following statements about a virus is true? 1. they are about the same size as a bacterium 2. reproduction occurs by invading a host cell 3. travel is exclusively by blood-borne routes 4. there are only a limited number of viruses
1. 2
A client asks the nurse why the primary health care provider prescribed an antibiotic when she was told that she has a viral infection. The correct response by the nurse is that the antibiotic may be used to prevent a _______. 1. primary fungal infection 2. repeat viral infection 3. secondary bacterial infection 4. breakdown of the immune system
1. 3
The best definition of pharmacology would be: 1. the study of plants and living organisms 2. making of chemical compounds for illnesses 3. the study of drugs and their action on living organisms 4. monitoring and accounting for substances used to make people well
1. 3
The nurse correctly documents administration of a drug _______. 1. at the beginning of the shift 2. when preparing to give the drug 3. immediately after giving the drug 4. at the end of the shift
1. 3
When the nurse enters subjective data in the client's record, this information is obtained from _______. 1. the primary health care provider 2. other members of the health care team 3. the client or family 4. laboratory and x-ray reports
1. 3
1. An interactive process that promotes learning is defined as: 1. motivation 2. cognitive ability 3. psychomotor domain 4. teaching
1. 4
1. Which of the following drugs is the only antitubercular drug to be prescribed alone? 1. rifampin 2. pyrazinamide 3. streptomycin 4. isoniazid
1. 4
1.Fluoroquinolones kill bacterial cells by _______. 1. inhibiting protein synthesis 2. destroying the bacterial cell wall 3. eliminating oxygen from the ribosome 4. prohibiting DNA synthesis
1. 4
10. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a drug hypersensitivity reaction? Select all 1. skin rash 2. wheezing 3. hypertension 4. angioedema 5. urinary incontinence
10. 1, 2, 4
10. Identify high-risk populations for limited health literacy. Select all that apply. 1. older persons 2. high income 3. unemployed 4. hard of hearing
10. 1, 3, 4
10. Identify the drug responses seen in children. Select all that apply. 1. pH of gastric acid is higher 2. decreased body water 3. less protein, less binding of drug 4. greater amount of circulating drug
10. 1, 3, 4
10. The nurse greets the new clinic client, saying, "Tell me about the pain you are having." This is an example of gathering data. Describe the type of data. Select all that apply. 1. baseline assessment 2. objective data 3. ongoing assessment 4. subjective data
10. 1, 4
10. A child weighs 53 lb. How many kilograms would the child weigh? (Round to the nearest whole number.) 1. 0.23 kg 2. 24 kg 3. 54 kg 4. 117 kg
10. 2
10. Identify which items you can use for client identification before giving a medication. Select all that apply. 1. client room number 2. medical record number 3. date of birth 4. maiden name of client
10. 2, 3
10. Identify the correct properties of sulfonamide drugs. Select all that apply. 1. bacteriocidal 2. reduces inflammation in colon 3. inhibits folic acid in bacterial cells 4. antibacterial
10. 2, 3, 4
10. Identify the interventions to use when taking drugs with photosensitive reactions. Select all 1. wash the skin frequently 2. use high SPF value sunscreen 3. wear head coverings on overcast days 4. clothing should be long sleeved
10. 2, 3, 4
10. A client with limited health literacy is prescribed azithromycin for a lower respiratory tract infection. Azithromycin is available in 250-mg tablets. The primary health care provider has ordered 500 mg on the first day, followed by 250 mg on days 2 through 5. The nurse shows the client how many tablets to be taken on the first day? _______. On the last day of therapy?
10. Day 1 = 2 tablets, days 2 through 5 = 1 tablet daily
2. A client is receiving erythromycin for an infection. The patient's response to therapy is best evaluated by _______. 1. monitoring vital signs every 4 hours 2. comparing initial and current signs and symptoms 3. monitoring fluid intake and output 4. asking the patient if he is feeling better
2. 2
2. A client tells the nurse that he is taking Claritin. Which type of drug name is this? 1. chemical 2. official 3. brand 4. generic
2. 3
2. Clients taking a fluoroquinolone are encouraged to _______. 1. nap 1 to 2 hours daily while taking the drug 2. eat a high-protein diet 3. increase their fluid intake 4. avoid foods high in carbohydrates
2. 3
2. The nurse monitors the client taking isoniazid for toxic symptoms. The most common symptom of toxicity is _____. 1. peripheral edema 2. circumoral edema 3. peripheral neuropathy 4. jaundice
2. 3
2. Cephalosporins are divided into "generations" according to: 1. when they were discovered 2. their administration method 3. manufacturer's preference 4. sensitivity to microorganisms
2. 4
2. Clients receiving sulfasalazine for ulcerative colitis are told that the drug _______. 1. is not to be taken with food 2. rarely causes adverse effects 3. may cause hair loss 4. may turn the urine an orange-yellow color
2. 4
2. The nurse is to administer aspirin 325 mg now. This is an example of what type of order? 1. standing order 2. single order 3. PRN order 4. STAT order
2. 4
2. The patient-nurse relationship is built upon: 1. communication 2. cultural competency 3. health literacy 4. respect
2. 4
2. What is the name of the organization that approves and standardizes nursing diagnoses? 1. ANA 2. NLN 3. NCSBN 4. NANDA-I
2. 4
2.What percentage of potential drug errors is found when nurses check medication calculations for accuracy? 1. 25% 2. 49% 3. 67% 4. 95%
2. 4
3. On an overcast day, the nurse instructs the client taking sulfonamides to _______. 1. wear sunscreen 2. sunbathe without fear of skin reaction 3. stay indoors with blinds shut 4. protect feet from harm
3. 1
3. When taking levofloxacin the client is taught to _______. 1. wear sun protection whenever outside 2. assess for hearing loss 3. carry an EpiPen at all times 4. eat more fruits and vegetables
3. 1
3. A client taking oral penicillin reports he has a sore mouth. On inspection, the nurse notes a black, furry tongue and bright red oral mucous membranes. The primary care provider is notified immediately, because these symptoms may be caused by: 1. a vitamin C deficiency 2. a superinfection 3. dehydration 4. poor oral hygiene
3. 2
3. A new drug will be given to healthy volunteers to see what happens. In what phase of clinical trial is the drug being currently tested? 1. Preclinical 2. Phase 1 3. Phase 2 4. Phase 3
3. 2
3. Which of the following is a dose-related adverse reaction to ethambutol? 1. peripheral neuropathy 2. optic neuritis 3. hyperglycemia 4. fatal hepatitis
3. 2
3. An IM injection is correctly administered by _______. 1. displacing the skin to the side before making the injection 2. using a 1-inch needle 3. inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle 4. using a 25-gauge needle
3. 3
3. Typically, what percentage of people remember instructions given by the primary health care provider? 1. 80% 2. 65% 3. 20% 4. 10%
3. 3
3. A client states that he does not understand why he has to take a specific medication. The most accurate nursing diagnosis for this man would be _______. 1. Self Health Management 2. Anxiety 3. Noncompliance 4. Deficient Knowledge
3. 4
3. Identify the portion of this drug label in bold: LANOXIN (digoxin) Tablets, 250 mcg (0.25 mg). 1. dose strength 2. trade name 3. generic name 4. form
3. 4
3. When asked to describe a photosensitivity reaction, the nurse correctly states that this reaction may be described as a(n) _______. 1. tearing of the eyes on exposure to bright light 2. aversion to bright lights and sunlight 3. sensitivity to products in the environment 4. exaggerated sunburn reaction when the skin is exposed to sunlight
3. 4
4. When developing a teaching plan, the nurse assesses the affective learning domain, which means that the nurse considers the client's: 1. attitudes, feelings, beliefs, and opinions 2. ability to perform a return demonstration 3. intellectual ability 4. home environment
4. 1
4. When giving spectinomycin for gonorrhea, the nurse advises the client to _______. 1. return for a follow-up examination 2. limit fluid intake to 1200 mL/day while taking the drug 3. return the next day for a second injection 4. avoid drinking alcohol for the next 10 days
4. 1
4. When monitoring the IV infusion of levofloxacin, the nurse makes sure the needle is in the vein because if not it can result in _______. 1. irritation of the surrounding tissue 2. a blood clot in the arm 3. fluid deficit and dehydration 4. a sudden and severe rise in blood pressure
4. 1
4. A newly admitted client has a history of liver disease. In planning care, the nurse must consider that liver disease may result in a(n) _______. 1. increase in the excretion rate of a drug 2. impaired ability to metabolize or detoxify a drug 3. need to increase the dosage of a drug 4. decrease in the rate of drug absorption
4. 2
4. The nurse correctly administers penicillin V: 1. 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals 2. without regard to meals 3. with meals to prevent GI upset 4. every 3 hours around the clock
4. 2
4. When preparing a drug for subcutaneous administration, the nurse should be aware that the usual volume of a drug injected by the subcutaneous route is _______. 1. less than 0.5 mL 2. 0.5 to 1 mL 3. 2 to 5 mL 4. 3 to 4 mL
4. 2
4. A diabetic client who takes oral medications is receiving a sulfonamide for a UTI. The client is taught that compared to what the usual reading has been, the blood glucose level will be: 1. higher 2. the same 3. lower 4. unreadable due to the medication
4. 3
4. Which of the following would be an appropriate expected outcome related to drug administration? 1. The client will verbalize three ways to use crutches. 2. The client will take an antibiotic pill daily. 3. The client will understand the use of blood pressure medications. 4. The client will demonstrate ways to prevent having to use insulin
4. 3
4. Knowing both trade and generic drug names is important because: 1. cost is reduced using generic drugs 2. only one name is provided on the drug label 3. primary health care providers do not know the differences 4. clients may think the drug is incorrect
4. 4
4. Which of the following antitubercular drugs is contraindicated in clients with gout? 1. rifampin 2. streptomycin 3. isoniazid 4. pyrazinamide
4. 4
5. Hansen's disease (leprosy) is caused by which of the following bacteria? 1. Mycobacterium leprae 2. Clostridium difficile 3. Mycobacterium tuberculosis 4. Pneumocystis carinii
5. 1
5. When giving a cephalosporin by the IM route, the nurse tells the client that _______. 1. a stinging or burning sensation and soreness at the site may be experienced 2. the injection site will be red for several days 3. all injections will be given in the same area 4. the injection will not cause any discomfort
5. 1
5. Actual development of the strategies to be used in the teaching plan and selection of the information to be taught occur in this phase of the nursing process: 1. assessment 2. planning 3. implementation 4. evaluation
5. 2
5. Which of the following complaints by a man taking tetracycline would be most indicative that he is experiencing ototoxicity? 1. tingling of the extremities 2. he is unable to hear the television 3. changes in mental status 4. short periods of dizzine
5. 2
5. The ISMP discourages use of which measurement system? 1. household 2. metric 3. apothecary 4. body surface area
5. 3
5. The nurse observes a client receiving a sulfonamide for Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The signs and symptoms that might indicate this syndrome include ______. 1. swelling of the extremities 2. increased blood pressure and pulse rate 3. lesions on the skin or mucous membranes 4. pain in the joints
5. 3
5. To avoid a superinfection when taking fluoroquinolones, instruct the client to_______. 1. eat a high-fiber diet 2. wash with antibacterial soaps 3. monitor for diarrhea 4. use over-the-counter (OTC) creams on skin rashes
5. 3
5. Which of the following is an independent nursing action? 1. administering insulin 2. withholding a drug according to physician standing orders 3. client teaching about drug therapy 4. asking respiratory care to come do an inhalation treatment
5. 3
5. A client asks the nurse to define a hypersensitivity reaction. The nurse begins by telling the client that a hypersensitivity reaction is also called a(n) _______. 1. synergistic reaction 2. antagonistic reaction 3. drug idiosyncrasy 4. allergic reaction
5. 4
5. The nurse explains to a client receiving an IV injection that the action of the drug occurs _______. 1. in 5 to 10 minutes 2. in 15 to 20 minutes 3. within 30 minutes 4. almost immediately
5. 4
6. A client is prescribed moxifloxacin. The nurse notes that the client is also taking an antacid. The nurse correctly administers moxifloxacin _______. 1. once daily orally, 4 hours before the antacid 2. twice daily orally, immediately after the antacid 3. once daily IM without regard to the administration of the antacid 4. every 12 hours IV without regard to the administration of the antacid
6. 1
6. During the evaluation phase of the nursing process, the nurse _______. 1. makes decisions regarding the effectiveness of nursing interventions based on the outcome 2. ensures nursing procedures have been performed correctly 3. makes notations regarding the client's response to medical treatment 4. makes a list of all adverse reactions the patient may experience while taking the drug
6. 1
6. In monitoring drug therapy, the nurse is aware that a synergistic drug effect may be defined as _______. 1. an effect greater than the sum of the separate actions of two or more drugs 2. an increase in the action of one of the two drugs being given 3. a neutralizing drug effect 4. a comprehensive drug effect
6. 1
6. When giving one of the macrolide antibiotics, the nurse assesses the client for the most common adverse reactions, which are _______. 1. related to the GI tract 2. skin rash and urinary retention 3. sores in the mouth and hypertension 4. related to the nervous system
6. 1
6. Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for milligram? 1. mg 2. gm 3. mL 4. mcg
6. 1
6. A client is preparing for discharge from the hospital tomorrow. She tells you that she has some questions about the medications that she will be taking at home. She explains that the regimen is complicated, and she is afraid she will not be able to remember when to take her medications. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate for this client? 1. Effective Individual Self Health Management 2. Ineffective Self Health Management 3. Deficient Knowledge 4. Risk for Impaired Home Maintenance
6. 2
6. A client reports orange stains on paper tissues when she urinates. Which of the following interventions should the nurse do first? 1. notify the primary health care provider 2. ask the client what she thinks is happening 3. explain that this is an anticipated adverse reaction 4. obtain a urine sample for lab studies
6. 2
6. The best placement of a transdermal patch for a client with dementia is the _______. 1. abdomen 2. back 3. chest 4. upper arm
6. 2
6. The nurse can evaluate the client's response to therapy by asking him if _______. 1. he completed the entire course of therapy 2. his symptoms have been relieved 3. he has seen any evidence of blood in the urine 4. he has experienced any constipation
6. 2
6. The nurse observes a client taking a cephalosporin for common adverse reactions, which include _______. 1. hypotension, dizziness, urticaria 2. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea 3. skin rash, constipation, headache 4. bradycardia, pruritus, insomnia
6. 2
7. A client has a rash and pruritus. As the nurse, you suspect an allergic reaction and immediately assess him for other more serious symptoms. What question would be most important to ask the client? 1. Are you having any difficulty breathing? 2. Have you noticed any blood in your stool? 3. Do you have a headache? 4. Are you having difficulty with your vision?
7. 1
7. The nurse explains to the client that to prevent multidrug resistance to the antitubercular drugs, the primary health care provider may prescribe _____. 1. at least three antitubercular drugs 2. an antibiotic to be given with the drug 3. vitamin B6 4. that the drug be given only once a week
7. 1
7. The client taking a fluoroquinolone plans to enter a marathon after treatment. The nurse is concerned about _______. 1. prolonged QT interval cardiac changes 2. spontaneous tendon rupture 3. phlebitis at the IV site 4. pseudomembranous colitis symptoms
7. 2
7. The nurse instructs Mrs. Moore to drink at least 2000 mL of fluid while taking a sulfa drug. The client states she cannot drink that much. The nurse should ask questions to assess which body system? 1. respiratory 2. genitourinary 3. neurologic 4. cardiac
7. 2
7. Which of the following urinary output measurements should be reported to the primary health care provider immediately? 1. 2400 mL in 24 hours 2. 30 mL in 1 hour 3. 750 mL in 1 hour 4. 1000 mL in 1 day
7. 2
7. A new long-term care center is being built and the nurse is requested to help in planning the medication administration system. Which is the best, most cost-effective system to use to prevent errors in this facility? 1. automated dispensing medication carts 2. bar-code identification bracelets 3. "Do Not Distract" apparel 4. two-identifier patient system
7. 3
7. If the nurse has 2 mL remaining in an ampule. It should be _______. 1. labeled and dated 2. placed in the refrigerator 3. thrown in a sharps container 4. returned to client medication storage
7. 3
7. Unless the primary health care provider or clinical pharmacist directs otherwise, the nurse informs the client to take oral medications with: 1. fruit juice 2. milk 3. water 4. food
7. 3
7. After administering penicillin in an outpatient setting, the nurse: 1. asks the client to wait 10 to 15 minutes before leaving the clinic 2. instructs the client to report any numbness or tingling of the extremities 3. keeps pressure on the injection site for 10 minutes 4. asks the client to wait in the area for at least 30 minutes
7. 4
7. Which of the following is an example of objective client data? 1. Daughter states, "Mom's BP is always 150/90." 2. "My pain is about 7 out of 10 right now." 3. "I think the doctor said my blood sugar was 105." 4. The nurse's aide reports a BP of 132/78.
7. 4
8. The nurse is teaching a mother of twin toddlers to give self-injections. She says, "I will see if we have anything at home to put needles in when I get there." The best action for the nurse to do is: 1. compliment the woman for planning ahead 2. obtain a sharps container from the pharmacy 3. note her answer in the medical record 4. request that she demonstrate the technique before going home
8. 2
8. When administering a drug, the nurse ______. 1. should check the drug label two times before administration 2. ask the client to identify him- or herself 3. may administer a drug prepared by another nurse 4. may crush any tablet that the patient is unable to swallow
8. 2
8. When reviewing a client's culture and sensitivity test results, the nurse learns that the bacteria causing the infection are sensitive to penicillin. The nurse interprets this result to mean that: 1. the client is allergic to penicillin 2. penicillin will be effective in treating the infection 3. penicillin will not be effective in treating the infection 4. the test must be repeated to obtain accurate results
8. 2
8. When mafenide (Sulfamylon) is applied to a burned area, the nurse _______. 1. first covers the burned area with a sterile compress 2. irrigates the area with normal saline solution 3. warns the client that stinging or burning may be felt 4. instructs the client to drink two to three extra glasses of water each day
8. 3
8. Which of the following drug doses is written correctly? 1. Lanoxin .25 mg orally 2. Lanoxin .250 mg orally 3. Lanoxin 0.25 mg orally 4. Lanoxin 0.250 mg orally
8. 3
8. The nurse makes a note in the chart that the client's pain has lessened following a 14-day course of antibiotics. This is an example of which phase of the nursing process? 1. assessment 2. analysis 3. implementation 4. evaluation
8. 4
8. Under the Controlled Substances Act, schedule II to V drugs are typically accounted for in the health care setting. Which of the following drugs would the nurse least expect to be counted during change-of-shift duties? 1. opioids 2. antidiarrheals with codeine 3. anabolic steroids 4. heroin Alternate-Format Questions
8. 4
8. Which of the following best describes DOT in the care of TB clients? 1. The client takes at least four drugs daily 2. The client calls the clinic once a week to describe adverse reactions 3. The nurse involves family in client teaching activities 4. The nurse observes the client swallow the TB drugs
8. 4
8. Which of the following medications may be taken with food? 1. erythromycin 2. doxycycline 3. demeclocycline 4. tigecycline
8. 4
8. Which of the following statements if made by the client would indicate that he understands to take the entire course of an antibacterial medication? 1. "If it gets red, stop taking the medicine that is not working." 2. "When the pain stops, stop the medicine." 3. "Take this until you get diarrhea." 4. "Take all the medicine in the bottle
8. 4
9. Arrange the following steps of pharmacokinetics correctly: 1. absorption 2. distribution 3. elimination 4. metabolism
9. 1, 2, 4, 3
9. Identify which drugs are included in primary (first-line) treatment for TB. Select all that apply. 1. ethambutol 2. isoniazid 3. ofloxacin 4. pyrazinamide 5. rifampin
9. 1, 2, 4, 5
9. When a client is instructed not to take a drug with dairy products, what can the client drink when swallowing the medication? Select all that apply. 1. water 2. yogurt fruit smoothie 3. iced tea 4. cranberry juice 5. milk
9. 1, 3, 4
9. One gram of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is equivalent to: 1. 10,000 milligrams of ascorbic acid 2. 1000 milligrams of ascorbic acid 3. 100 milligrams of ascorbic acid 4. 0.1 milligrams of ascorbic acid
9. 2
9. Arrange the following steps of the nursing process correctly: 1. analysis 2. assessment 3. evaluation 4. implementation 5. planning
9. 2, 1, 5, 4, 3
9. Identify selected items the nurse uses as part of the "five rights" of medication administration. Select all that apply. 1. right language 2. right route 3. right patient 4. right time
9. 2, 3, 4
9. Arrange the following steps of patient teaching correctly: 1. provide drug information sheets in the preferred language 2. call for an interpreter to attend the teaching session 3. assess for health literacy and limited English proficiency 4. have the client demonstrate how to give the medication
9. 3, 2, 1, 4
Levofloxacin 500 mg IV is ordered for a client hospitalized with pneumonia. The drug is mixed in a syringe for an IV pump as a solution of 250 mg/15 mL. How many mL should be in the syringe? _______
9. 30 mL of solution
9. A nurse asks if the client is allergic to penicillin before the first dose of the cephalosporin is given. The rationale for this question is that persons allergic to penicillin _______. 1. are usually allergic to most antibiotics 2. respond poorly to antibiotic therapy 3. require higher doses of other antibiotics 4. have a higher incidence of allergy to the cephalosporins
9. 4
9. Arrange the following steps of caring for a burn with Silvadene correctly: 1. apply dressing material 2. cleanse and remove debris on surface 3. apply drug according to directions 4. remove dressing
9. 4, 2, 3, 1
