Pharm Prepu Ch.13

A client with an upper respiratory tract infection was prescribed roxithromycin, an antibiotic. To what should the nurse tell the client that irregular administration of this medication could lead?

Development of drug resistance

To ensure that the most appropriate drug is being used to treat a pathogen, which would need to be done first?

Obtaining sensitivity testing

The pharmacology instructor is discussing ways of minimizing the emergence of drug-resistant microbial agents. Which of the following measures could the instructor suggest?

All the above

You are working as a nurse educator in the hospital setting. Part of your responsibility includes developing a plan to prevent antibiotic resistance. What is the most important part of your plan?

An education campaign that focuses on handwashing between patients

The pathophysiology class is learning how microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs. What is one way the students would learn that microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs?

By altering binding sites on the membrane or ribosomes so that the drug cannot enter the cell

What would contribute to drug resistance?

Antibiotic prescription for viral illness

What is critical to helping prevent development of resistant strains of microbes?

Maintain the optimum duration of the antimicrobial agent.

The nurse is assessing a client who has recently been given the first dose of a new anti-infective. What finding should lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction?

The client has a facial and trunk rash.

A client has been receiving an antibiotic for the past 36 hours for treatment of a bacterial infection, and the infection has shown no signs of improving. What does the nurse suspect is the most likely reason for a lack of improvement?

The client's infection is resistant to the medication

When describing an anti-infective agent with a narrow spectrum of activity, what would the nurse include?

The drug is selective in its action on organisms.

A nurse has questioned why a client's physician has prescribed a narrow-spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of an infection. Which facts provide the best rationale for the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics whenever possible?

The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection

Like many other classes of drugs, anti-infective drugs can have a variety of adverse effects. What is the most common, potentially serious, adverse effect of antimicrobial drugs?

Toxic effects on the kidney

A group of students are reviewing information about anti-infective agents. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify what as an anti-infective agent?

anticoagulant

Inappropriate use of antibiotics does all of the following except increase:

the number of available effective drugs for serious or antibiotic-resistant infections.

A nurse is caring for a child weighing 30 kg. The physician orders gentamicin (Garamycin) tid for the client. The recommended dosage range is 6 to 7.5 mg/kg/day. Why is it important to give a dosage within this recommended range? (Select all that apply.)

• Give a safe dose for this size child. • Prevent overdose in the child. • To eradicate the bacteria