Pharmacology ch 36

What is the main purpose of undergoing alternate day therapy in cases where the prolonged use of steroids is necessary?

Alternate day therapy is intended to reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of prolonged steroid treatment.

After Darren breaks his ribs in a car accident, he has admitted at Pascal hospital for a few days under the care of Dr. Palmer. Which of the following changes with Dr. Palmer expect in Darren's body as a response to the trauma of the accident?

An increase in the level of glucose in the blood plasma

Select the most appropriate reason why a patient on warfarin therapy should not use glucocorticoids

Because glucocorticoids can inhibit a body's response to warfarin

________ refers to a process that is associated with the energy released in which complex compounds are broken down into simpler molecules.

Catabolism

Which of the following is true of catabolism?

Catabolism primarily occurs in the skeletal muscle.

Which of the following is true of the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids?

Glucocorticoids require a transport binding globulin to carry them to the target tissue

Which of the following is true of gluconeogenesis?

Gluconeogenesis refers to the process of converting glycerol and amino acids into glucose

Repository preparations of drugs:

Have a long duration of action

As a healthcare professional, which of the following instructions with Dr. Knightley get a patient with lupus erythematosus who intends to discontinue long-term therapy with prednisone.

He will tell him to gradually reduce the dose of prednisone over a period of a few months.

_____Is the only steroid approved for non-prescription products.

Hydrocortisone

Which of the following symptoms associated with excessive use of aldosterone?

Hypertension

Which of the following conditions results from a deficiency of mineralocorticoids?

Hypoaldosteronism

What information must be given to a female patient who is on steroid therapy and who has just learned that she is pregnant?

If she is going to continue treatment, the infant will have to be monitored for adrenal function after birth Chronic maternal steroid use in the first trimester can result in a cleft palette in newborns If she's going to continue treatment, her dose will have to be reduced to the lowest possible affective dose

Which of the following factors contributed to stress?

Infection, cold weather, surgery

Which of the following statements is true of mineralocorticoids?

Main function of mineralocorticoid hormones is to regulate blood levels of sodium and potassium.

Where are the adrenal glands located?

On the upper surface of each kidney

In which of the following patients is the use of steroids contraindicated?

Patients who have systemic fungal and local herpes infections

Cosyntropin is a synthetic peptide that:

Provides the same therapeutic activity as AC TH

Identify an adverse effect of glucocorticoids

Restlessness

Which of the following adverse a fax is most likely to result from the excessive use of mineralocorticoids?

Sodium and water retention and loss of potassium

Identify a difference between the adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex

The adrenal medulla Forms the outer portion of the adrenal glands, while the adrenal cortex forms the inner portion of the adrenal glands.

Summarize the relationship between the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the adrenal gland.

The hypothalamus secretes CRH, which stimulates the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland that leads to the secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal gland

The process of gluconeogenesis primarily in ________.

The liver

Identify an accurate statement about mineralocorticoids

The main effects of the mineralocorticoid hormones is to regulate the fluid balance of the body

Which of the following is true of aldosterone?

Aldosterone receptors are present in the epithelial cells of organs such as the kidneys, colon, heart and sweat glands.

Who among the following should avoid using steroids?

Alex who has ocular herpes

Angela develops a skin rash after using a new brand of facial cream. She sides to buy a non-prescription drug form from a chemist to suppress the skin inflammation. Which of the following drugs is this chemist most likely to give her?

A topical hydrocortisone product

Which of the following statements is true about ACTH?

ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol and Cortisone

Hi doses or long-term treatment with Hydrocortisone generally results in:

Abnormal deposition of fat in the face and along the shoulders

Madison experiences muscle weakness and dehydration and visits Dr. Clark's clinic for a medical check up. Dr. Clark runs a couple of tests and discovers that madison has hypotension. After examining madison's medical reports, Dr. Clark orders the administration of the adrenocorticotropin hormone and then proceeds to measure the plasma levels of cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in madison's bloodstream. When he observes no change in the levels of the steroids, he diagnosis madison with a particular condition. Based on the information provided in this scenario, from which of the following conditions is madison most likely suffering?

Addison's disease

Identify the hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to the secretion of the CRH by the hypothalamus.

Adrenocorticotropin hormone

The most important secreted mineralocorticoid is_____.

Aldosterone

Which of the following is true of the mechanism of action of aldosterone?

Aldosterone increases The reabsorption of sodium ions in water; in exchange, potassium ions are transported into the urine.