PHC6118 Pop Health Management Midterm

Which of the following is a consideration on the type of lobbying method to employ?

- Advocate's preference - Resources available - Lobbying method's likelihood of success

An ecological model of healthcare considers:

- Attitudes of trust of patients toward physicians - The role of retail stores in influencing health behaviors - The presence of Instagram celebrities as sources of health information

Which Senate committees have legislative authority over health care?

- Finance - Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

In order to provide equitable and accessible care to communities, healthcare organizations must:

- Identify and address the social determinants of health. - Provide multidisciplinary team approaches to delivery of healthcare. - Seek input from the communities they serve.

Which legislative branch agencies play a significant role in advancing the population health agenda?

- MedPAC - MACPAC - CBO

Which statements are true?

- Social and economic factors, including education, employment, income, family, social support, and community safety, impact health. -Health behavior, social and economic factors, and the physical environment combined have a greater influence on health than access to clinical care.

Health literacy is best addressed by:

- Taking a "universal precautions" approach to avoid assumptions about patient's health literacy. - Using plain language on all forms, training all healthcare professionals and health systems about health literacy and communication policies, services, and practices.

Services that Medicare now covers under their regular physician fee schedule that align with coordinated care include

- Telephonic check in with patient - Transition of Care management for 30 days - Chronic Care Management for 30 days

Generally, what types of policy options are more likely to be implemented?

- Those with bipartisan support - Those addressing popular issues - Those that are beneficial nationwide

Instagram influencers have been shown to be trusted as sources as advice for decisions related to:

- Voting - Childhood vaccinations - Nutrition decisions

Which is a setting where health promotion programs can take place?

- Workplaces - Schools - Churches - Health care organizations and hospitals

Which of the following is a type of lobbying?

- direct lobbying - grassroots lobbying - grasstops lobbying

Bundled payment models require coordinating the care provided by

- hospitals - specialists - skilled nursing facilities

What are the three steps towards making lasting change in population health?

1) Building awareness 2) identifying population health needs 3) recognizing the importance of data & measurement

What are the four pillars of Population?

1) Care management 2) quality and safety 3) public health 4) health policy

To qualify for Medicare Part A, one must have paid into Medicare taxes for ___ years.

10

When the Congressional Budget Office estimates a legislation's budgetary impact, it will look ___ years to future:

10

What percentage of the U.S. gross domestic product (GDP) is currently spent on health care?

18%

Formalized hospital systems were in evidence beginning in the:

1880's

Medicare covers individuals _____ and over in age:

65

Which of the following is not an example of a nudge?

A government-enforced monetary penalty for not purchasing health insurance

Cultural competency is best described as:

A set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enables effective work in cross-cultural situations.

The ACA originally established ________ as a model of care and as a Medicare category.

ACO's

Patient-Centered Medical Home tenets include:

Access to Care

In applying the Health Belief Model to the decision to have back surgery, a patient must first:

Acknowledge that a health threat exists

The "bedrock assumption" of the Clinton Administration healthcare plan proposal was:

All Americans guaranteed health coverage that could not be taken away

According to the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model, a predisposing factor could be:

Assessing whether or not patients understand the link between poor eating habits and heart disease

CHIPS covers ____ as a population.

Children

The "organization of a context in which people make decisions" was termed by Richard Thaler as

Choice architecture

While health policy makers and thought leaders are increasingly interested in addressing the Social Determinants of Health as a means to improve quality of care and reduce healthcare costs, their ability to do so hinges on:

Efforts to understand how best to assess and address the non-clinical factors that impact health.

Care Coordination is all of the following except:

Exclusively performed by a Social Worker

A study on the influence of social comparisons on exercise behavior suggests:

Exercising in proximity to more fit peers results in discouragement

True or False The average life expectancy of the average American is improving over time.

False

Despite major advances in medicine and public health, disparities persist by race, ethnicity, income and educational attainment. These disparities are driven, both directly and indirectly by:

Gender bias, stereotyping, unconscious bias and structural racism.

Which of the following statements could be an example of a normative belief, within the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior?

Having my family and friends think that I should go on a diet.

Which of the following is not an alternative payment model:

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Which of these factors is the largest contributor to the burden of disease in the US?

Health behaviors

An Accountable Care Organization's goals include the following except:

Increase in Emergency Room Department visits and hospital admissions

To which branch of government does MedPAC report?

Legislative

Who mainly develops Federal policy making?

Legislative Branch & Executive Branch

Which of the following is correctly matched to a stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

Maintenance: "For the last year, my friends and I go running three times a week regardless of the weather."

In all cases, the placement of information technologies in the hands of patients make them:

More behaviorally complex agents

The notion that root causes of morbidity and mortality are inter-related and hard to separate one from the other is:

Multiple Determinants of Health

Strategies to improve an Accountable Care Organization's performance include all except:

Paying physicians for participation

The Comprehensive Primary Care Plus program is an Alternative Payment Model which

Pays a monthly care coordination fee per patient to the PCP

Issues with utilizing patient-generated data to improve health outcomes include:

Physicians lacking the tools and resources to process the data

An Accountable Care Organization is responsible for coordinating all except

Price of medications

The technology-based tool that has the biggest benefit to care coordination is:

Real-time alerts to care team of patient's emergency department visits

The classical Roman poet Virgil once wrote, "Possunt quia posse videntur" (The Aeneid). This can be translated as "They are able, because they think they are able." What concept in health psychology is this closest to?

Self-efficacy

Which of the following is not a legislative branch agency?

Senate Special Committee on Aging

Environmental actions to promote health include all of the following except:

Skill building

Which of the following is the best application that addresses "perceived severity" within the Health Belief Model?

Specify the health consequences of the disease/health condition

Medicaid is a ____-run program. Federally Locally State County

State

What legislation provided CMS with the funding and authority to design, implement, and evaluate new demonstration models?

The Affordable Care Act

The most common source of medical advice among Americans is:

The Internet

Theories of religion can directly help us to understand the phenomenon of

The appeal of wellness products

The best definition of Health Equity is:

The attainment of the highest level of health for all people.

The Social Determinants of Health are:

The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, play and age.

The best definition of Health Disparities is:

The differences in health outcomes and their causes among groups of people.

Gwenyth Paltrow, a Hollywood actress, has also made a fortune as:

The founder of a wellness company called Goop

Structural racism is best defined as:

The totality of ways in which societies foster racial discrimination through mutually reinforcing systems of housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, healthcare and criminal justice.

What 1999 Institute of Medicine report helped national and professional organizations start to identify best practices & made recommendations on how to design processed to healthcare safer?

To Err is Human

Which of the following industrialized nations DOES NOT have universal health care?

United States of America

Healthcare spending in the U.S. results in:

a healthcare spending that does not perform as well as other developed nations

What three lifestyle modifications reduce the prevalence of chronic conditions in a population?

eliminating or reducing tobacco use, eating health foods with portion control, and increasing regular physical activity

The increasing presence of chronic illness in America results in:

increased healthcare spending and rising cost of health services

Health insurance benefits purchased through employers ___ taxed.

is not

____ constitutes the largest group of healthcare providers in the US:

nurses

What is the greatest contributor to premature death from chronic illness?

patient behavior

Two of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States are:

smoking and obesity