PHI 1010 Ch.1 Lv. 1 Quiz

When you read a philosophical essay, you are simply trying to glean some facts from it as you might if you were reading a science text or technical report.

False (you are NOT simply trying to...)

Arguments that are supposed to give probable support to their conclusions are _____.

inductive

If you are interested in theories of reality, you are interested in _____.

metaphysics

Inductive arguments that succeed in lending probable support to their conclusions are said to be _____.

strong

The systematic use of critical reasoning to try to find answers to fundamental questions about reality, morality, and knowledge is called _____.

the philosophical method

An argument is not synonymous with persuasion.

True

The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and _____.

Logic

A good inductive argument is said to be cogent.

True

An argument is a set of statements, one of which is supported by the other(s).

True

A(n) _____ is an assertion that something is or is not the case and is therefore the kind of utterance that is either true or false.

statement

A sound argument is valid and its premises are actually true.

False

Inductive arguments that succeed in lending probable support to their conclusions are said to be valid.

False

_____ is the study of value, including both aesthetic value and moral value.

Axiology

Persuasion necessarily involves giving any reasons at all for accepting a claim.

False

The study of correct reasoning is called _____.

Logic

A modus tollens argument is one in which _____.

the denial of a conditional claim's consequent results in the denial of the antecedent.

A deductive argument is an argument whose premises are intended to guarantee the conclusion.

True

In philosophy — and in any other kind of rational inquiry — accepting a conclusion (statement) without good reasons is an elementary mistake in reasoning.

True

The key to identifying an argument in context is to first identify the conclusion, then look for the premises.

True

A group of statements in which one of them is meant to be supported by the others is _____.

an argument

Philosophers give us _____ — that is, they provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible.

arguments

Words such as consequently, therefore, and as a result are _____.

conclusion indicator words

Arguments intended to give logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true are _____.

deductive

Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as _____.

epistemology

The study of reality in the broadest sense, an inquiry into the elemental nature of the universe and the things in it, is known as _____.

metaphysics

In an argument, the statement being supported is the conclusion, and the statements supporting the conclusion are the _____.

premises

Socrates asserted the famous statement _____.

"An unexamined life is not worth living."