PHI2010 Test 1

What is meant by the term 'theodicy'?

An account of how evil is consistent with God being omnipotent, omniscient, and perfectly good.

In order to be virtuous, for Aristotle, one must...

Do the virtuous thing virtuously.

For Descartes, how are physical objects, like wax, grasped?

Through the understanding .

Which expression is NOT a conclusion indicator?

Thus. So. None of the above. x Hence. It implies that. Therefore.

A good philosophy paper contains a well argued defense of the claims in it.

True

According to Descartes, the existence of God is at least as certain as the truths of mathematics.

True

According to Gettier, deduction from a justified premise will lead to a justified belief in the conclusion.

True

According to Gettier, some false beliefs are justified.

True

Existence is part of God's essence.

True

For Descartes, God must exist.

True

Some horses can run a mile in under 3 minutes. Rachel has a horse. Therefore, Rachel's horse can run a mile in under 3 minutes.

Inductive

What problem does God's omniscience raise?

It isn't clear how our having free will is consistent with His foreknowledge.

What is a virtue, according to Aristotle?

a state of character

Which statement is the conclusion of the following argument? 'Soy bean curd has no taste. The fat in hamburgers is what gives them their great taste. The fat in pizza is what gives it great taste. Food without fat tastes bland. Soy bean curd has no fat.'

Soy bean curd has no taste.

Let S = motorcycles, T = cats, and C = mammals. This substitution of class terms creates a counterexample to the following argument form. No S are T. No S are C. ______________ No T are C.

True

Natural suffering is suffering that is caused by something that has nothing to do with human choice.

True

According to Aristotle, moral virtue comes from...

Habit

Which of the following best describes why Descartes concludes he must exist?

He thinks.

According to Descartes, which of the following best describes the soul?

A thinking thing.

Which missing premise will create a valid argument when added to the following enthymeme? 'All CCTVs are surveillance mechanisms; so, all CCTVs are people watchers.'

All surveillance mechanisms are people watchers.

A good philosophy paper is ambitious, and it tries to do many difficult things at a time.

False

According to Quine 'Pegasus does not exist' is a meaningful but false sentence.

False

According to Quine, adjectives and verbs have meaning because they refer to abstract objects he calls 'universals.'

False

Definitions and examples make a philosophy paper confusing.

False

Which statement is the conclusion of the following argument? 'We should stop interfering in other countries' affairs. This follows from the fact that we have no moral right to change a country's way of governing itself. Also, interfering often gets us locked into combat; not to mention that the potential for loss of lives on both sides is high. In addition, the cost of waging wars is astronomical. Any engagement means weakening our already shaky economy. Add the fact that interfering makes us have more enemies around the world who feel threatened by us.'

We should stop interfering in other countries' affairs.

For Descartes, what is more perfect . . .

cannot come from what is less perfect.

What are material objects, according to Descartes?

extended things

Unless he is capable of knowing that God exists and that he is not a deceiver, Descartes cannot ...

he cannot be certain that an idea he clearly and distinctly grasp is true.

The problem with McX's account of sentences like 'Pegasus does not exist' is that ...

it cannot account for the fact that speakers do not reject the existence of the idea of Pegasus, but of Pegasus itself.

According to Gettier, justified true beliefs...

sometimes fall short of knowledge.