Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration Study Guide

What is cellular respiration?

A chemical process plants use to release the stored chemical energy so it can be used by plants. Then they send this energy (usable chemical energy) into the cell for growth, reproduction and other energy needs. Occurs in every living cell. Without it, plants would not have access to the energy in the sugar (glucose). Without energy life cannot be maintained.

Sugar?

An edible crystal-shaped substance that tastes sweet to humans. The simplest sugar is glucose. Others include sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Used to sweeten foods like cake, ice-cream, etc. Molecules.

Why do you think glucose is considered "energy rich"?

Because during photosynthesis, light energy is converted into chemical energy which is stored in glucose.

Thermal energy?

Heat. Iron.

What do plants use glucose for?

Many life processes. It is the main source of nutrition for plants. They use it as the energy to grow and stay alive. Some glucose can be carried from leaves to other parts such as stems and fruits.

What does Photosynthesis mean?

Photo - light. Synthesis - combine/put together. Putting together using light

Chemical energy?

Stored in matter such as food. It is released during a chemical reaction.

What do plants need to grow?

They need light energy, carbon dioxide from the air, water to make their own food, and the sugar that is made.

Green plants?

They usually produce more glucose than they need and store extra glucose in leaves, and stems in the form of starch for later use. By eating these plants, animals and people, can use glucose as a source of energy.

How do plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air?

Through tiny holes in the leaf. These tiny holes are called stomata. Which are located in the underside of each leaf.

What is the sugar called?

Glucose. Which plants use as food.

Chloroplast?

Contain a pigment that can absorb light energy. Process of photosynthesis takes place here. Makes photosynthesis possible. Similar to solar panel. Chloroplasts transform light energy from the sun into chemical energy and store chemical energy in sugar molecules. A type of organelle and pigment.

Process of cellular respiration?

First Mitochondria release chemical energy from glucose, so plants can use energy to grow and live. But need oxygen to start this process.

Light energy?

Form of energy that your eyes can detect. Flashlight. Transformed int chemical energy inside the plant.

Animals?

Have mitochondria. This means that Mary and her rabbit can release stored chemical energy from glucose just like a plant can. But Mary and her rabbit must get glucose from the food they eat. All animals depend on the energy produced by plants.

What happens to light energy from the sun when it reaches earth?

It is transformed. The incoming energy from the sun radiates to the surface of the earth and then goes through process of conduction. The energy from sun is then transformed into heat energy. Then it's transformed into IR and radiates back into the atmosphere.

Mitochondria?

Organelles found in each cell. Powerhouse. Take glucose molecules and release energy from glucose into the other cells to provide them with energy. Process of cellular respiration takes place here.

Chemical change in chloroplasts?

Plant turn CO2 and H20 into glucose and oxygen. After plants transform light energy into chemical energy in the chloroplast, the chemical energy is stored in glucose. Water and carbon dioxide enter chloroplast, light energy breaks up molecule, then scattered.

How do plants drink water?

Plants drink up water through their roots. The water travels from the roots up to the plants' leaves through tubes in the stems.

H20 in Cellular Respiration?

The hydrogen (from glucose) and oxygen re combined and rearranged to form water molecules. Water is released as a byproduct. The usable chemical energy released from glucose is sent out to other cells to provide them with energy.

Photosynthesis?

The process by which plants use the energy from sunlight to make sugars. During this process, light energy from the sun is used to rearrange simple chemical molecules into a more complex form.

Energy from the sun?

The sun gives off energy called solar radiation. It gives off light energy. These light particles have energy. This light energy from the sun helps plants make their own food.

Humans and photosynthesis?

We cannot produce glucose because we don't photosynthesize. Which is why we need to eat plants or animals that eat plants. Eat food, food goes to stomach. Glucose enters your cells, where mitochondria use glucose for cellular respiration.

Carbon Dioxide?

A colorless gas that many organisms, including humans and animals, breathe out. A chemical compound made of one carbon and two oxygen molecules combined.

Oxygen?

A colorless, odorless gas that many organisms need to breathe in. A chemical compound made of 2 oxygen atoms. When making glucose produce a waste product - oxygen.

Sound energy?

A form of energy that your ear can detect. Mp3 player.

Chlorophyll?

A green pigment that absorbs light energy from the sun. This light energy is used for photosynthesis.

Pigment?

A specialized molecule that can absorb or reflect light. Different pigments can absorb different colors (wavelengths) of light.

Molecule?

A substance made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. Some molecules contain only a few atoms, others contain thousands.

CO2 in Cellular Respiration?

Oxygen molecules and the broken up atoms of glucose are combined and rearranged as CO2 molecules. CO2 molecules are released into the atmosphere.

Oxygen in cellular respiration?

Oxygen molecules enter the mitochondrion. Glucose enters the cell. Glucose is trapped in the cytoplasm, then split into two molecules. These molecules enter the mitochondrion for cellular respiration. Two small molecules from glucose = broken up. The chemical energy stored in glucose is released from glucose!

Chemical change in Chloroplasts?

Plants turn CO2 and water H20 into glucose and oxygen. During cellular respiration, the exact opposite reaction happens! It's the reverse reaction of photosynthesis.

How do plants use the light energy from the sun?

Plants use light energy from the sun to make their own food to provide the plants with energy. The food created is a type of sugar.

Chemical reaction?

Process during which the atoms making up one or more molecules (reactants) are rearranged into differently shaped molecules (products).

Light energy, small, medium large, CO2 and H20 medium?

Small, Medium, None.