PHT 110 Midterm

Walker Evans

Identify The photographer

- sharp focus - unaltered photograph - large depth of field

What are the characteristics of the f64 club?

- soft (focus) - dark - moody - brutting

what adjectives would you use to describe pictoralism

- gumprints (uses paint pigments with photo chemicals to create a partially colored print) - autochrome (use of chemicals to create a colored image, automatic coloring process) -platinum process (painting directly on photographic paper with chemicals (platinum) to create a print) - carbon prints - combination prints (many photographs printed together)

what different methods of making images did pictorialist use

- object is placed directly on to sensitized paper - example: cyanotype

what does the printing process "contact Print" mean

- the image taken by the camera is a positive image - example: Daguerreotype

what does the printing process direct to positive mean

- the camera takes a negative image and a positive is printed from the image - example: calotype

what does the printing process negative to positive mean

- conversation vs consumerism - pretty vs realistic side of landscape

Compare and Contrast 19th century and 20th century landscape photographers

migrant mother selection

what is this

- cyanotype In CONTEMPORARY USE - cyanotype by Christian Marclay

- Name the process and artist

- Joel Sternfield - The High Line

Artist and Name of this image

- Cindy Sherman - Untitled Film Stills

Artist and Title

- Henry Peach Robinson - "Fading Away"

Artist and Title

COLLAPSE A lot of photographers in the late 1800s and early 1900s fought diligently to have their works recognized as fine art on the same levels as painters and sculptors. Some ways that photographers tried to have their work recognized as a fine art include the development of the pictorialist movement, the use of a softer focus. and more moodier and darker themes. Photographers also incorporated different types of photo processing such as the combination print, carbon prints, platinum prints, and gum prints. Additionally, photographers also shifted the type of content they photographed moving away from skyscrapers, automobiles, and other industrial items and instead towards landscapes, nudes, maidens & mothers, ballerinas, and noble peasants. Another effort photographers made was in creating groups such as the photo-seccionist movement and creating magazines like "Camera Work". Photographers even went as far as to imitate painters paintings in their photographs. A great example of this is a photo by Robert Demachy of some ballerinas inspired by a painting made by Edgar Degas in 1890

Citing examples from the lecture or the text, explain different ways that photographers tried have photography recognized as an art;

Pictorialism: - tried to emulate fine art photography - soft focus - shot landscapes and nudes vs skyscrappers or automobiles - dark and moody Straight: -more modern subjects - more concerned with the truth - strong tonal range - sharper focus and detail - higher contrast - embraced qualities that distiguished photography

Compare and Contrast Pictorialism vs Staight photography

- Lange decided to show the struggles of the people in internment camps - adams tried to paint his subjects in a heroic light in order to humanize them and prove their not dangerous

Compare and contrast Lange and Adams. They were both against the internment camps. How did they frame the same situation differently?

Alexander gardner would manipulate his images by moving items or even bodies to convey a message while kevin carter didn't manipulate his images but he also didnt help those struggling in his images either

Compare and contrast alexander gardners images to those of kevin carter

- artists such as ansel adams worked to get people to care about the environment by showing how beautiful it was - artist like edward burtynsky tried to get people to care about hte environment by showing people how much we're messing it up

How do different people try to get people to care about the environment with landscape photographs?

- commercial is for mass consumption while artist portrait is usually done for a specific person or for the artists repertoire

How does commercial portrait photography differ from artist portrait photography?

- compared to the 19th century the 20th century now brought us: - shorter exposure times, - more amateur photography, - you can now shot people doing everyday activities and smiling, - no longer need a professional to take your photo

How has portrait photography evolved from the 19th to the 20th century?

- images are more censored now than they used to be - quality and color have impacted perception - more diversity - increased technological advances

How have images transformed from the 19th century to the 20th and 21st century?

Edward Curtis, Vanishing Race,

Identify the Photographer

Cyanotype

Identify the Process

Daguerrerotype

Identify the Process

Digital Camera

Identify the Process

silver gelatin

Identify the Process

wet-plate collodion

Identify the Process (think lincoln)

"American Gothic" - Gordon parks

Identify the title and artist of this photograph

"Bandit's Roost"

Identify the title of this photograph

"Migrant Mother"

Identify the title of this photograph

Joel Sternfeld

Identify this Photographer

Steroscopic Photography

Identify this type of photograph

- 19th century - bright blue color gives it its name - same type of paper used in blue prints for architecture

Info -Cyantypes

- Dorothea Lange

Name the artist

Dorothea Lange

Name the artist

Dorthea Lange

Name the artist

Jacob Riis

Name the artist

James Van Der Zee

Name the artist

Kevin Carter

Name the artist

Larry Burrows

Name the artist

Lartigue

Name the artist

- Robert Capa - "D-Day"

Name the artist and the title

- Cyanotype - Anna Atkins

Name the process and photographer?

silver gelatin

Name the process associated with this brand, Kodak

1. direct to positive 2. negative to positive 3. contact print

Name the three types of printing

- "Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter" - Alexander Gardner

Name the title and the artist

- Alfred Stieglitz - The Steerage - 1907

Name this artist, title, and year

Pictoralism

Name this movement

pictorialism

Name this movement of photography

Straight Photography

Name this style of photography

PICS ON PHONE NOT AVAILABLE ON QUIZLET

PICS ON PHONE NOT AVAILABLE ON QUIZLET

- camera obscura (dark box with lens) - cyanotype -daguerreotype - wet plate collodion -calotype(talbot)(negatives made with paper coated in silver iodide) - silhouettes

Review the different ways people have made photographic imagery

- no, hard to eliminate bias and confirmation bias

Should photojournalist be involved with their subjects?

- oldest photograph - by joseph nicephore niepce - earliest surviving photographic image - estimates for exposure range from 8 hours - 2 days

Tell me about this image

Good: - shed light on things usually hidden from the public such as slum living conditions and child labor - showed what was actually happening instead of just describing them in writing - provides info that can lead to the helping of people such as individual effected by the great depression and "flavio Bad: - allows photographs to pick and choose what the viewer sees/message they take away from the photo - can be used to trick people by providing false evidence - used to justify and encourage discrimination/racist behavior

The power of images. How has photography been used for good? How has it been used for harm?

Some key difference between 19th century and contemporary landscape photography include the battle between conservation vs consumerism in landscape photography and the photographer's choice to either show us the "pretty" side of landscape photography or the realistic side to try and get people to care about the environment. I believe that the landscape genre evolved due to the invention and popularity of the wet plate collodion process and the use of portable/mobile dark rooms/photography studios. I also believe that the landscape genre evolved due to societies increased desire to travel and see other areas around their countries and around the world. Due to the help of landscape photography people were able to "travel" without leaving their homes and gain more knowledge than they were able to before.

What are some of the key differences between 19th century and contemporary landscape photography? How and why did the genre evolve?

Daguerre: - *advantages* - better image quality -better for portraites -can last forever if properly conserved *disadvantages* - cant duplicate - subject has to be still for long exposure time - expensive and complicated Talbot (Calotype): *advantages* - multiple copies can be made -simple and inexpensive process -printed on paper (easier to handle) *disadvantages* - low quality of detail -slow exposure time -suceptible to fading

What are the pros and cons of Talbot's and Daguerre's photographic methods?

- staged them - moved items and even bodies to get the shot he wanted

What did alexander gardner duo to his photos

"You push the button, we do the rest."

What is kodak's famous phrase

- chooses what things are shown and not shown - holds lots of information - use of color to dictate how an image is perceived - can be dramatic and compelling - can control how citizens feel about the war depending on graphitity

What power does photography have over war?

Composite Portrait/photograph

What type of photograph is this?

- Daguerreotype in CONTEMPORARY USE - picture of kara walker by chuck close

What type of process did this use and who is it by?

- during japanese internment camps - dorthea lange

When was this photo taken and name the artist

In my opinion the photographer that was most successful in using landscape photography for the purpose of environmental awareness/conservation is Joel Sternfield. I think Joel is the most successful photographer because he managed to take an area that was completely abandoned and forgotten about by most of New York City and on its way to being demolished into a huge project. I feel as if Joel overcame the most challenges with his work because in that time and still in today's time a lot of people care more about money than the environment so the fact that he was able to turn that area into park instead of it possibly becoming another environmentally draining structure/building says to me that his photos and the messages behind them really impacted people.

Which photographer is, for you, the most successful in depicting the landscape for the purpose of environmental awareness or conservation? Why?

- Louis Daguerre - Daguerrotype

Who is this and what kind of photo is this?

- Ansel Adams - Large Depth of Field

Who took this picture and what does it showcase?

- adds dimension - adds history - allows to tell more of a story - bring photos to new levels

Why do contemporary (people who are currently working artists) use antiquated (older) techniques?

- to show others what different parts of the world look like - for commercial use and investment - to encourage people to preserve nature - to encourage development

Why do people take landscape photos?

- to remember them and what they looked like after they've past - to see their grandparents and other older family members - non subjective - to have their image live on

Why do people take pictures of people?

I believe that contemporary photographers continue to use antiquated processes because it helps to bring additional dimension and history to their photographs. I also believe that by using antiquated photographic practices photographers can tell more of a story with their photos and bring their photos to new levels that wouldn't be (as) possible with todays modern methods. An example of this from the class lecture would be the photograph "Two Ships Passing, China, 2011" by Mathew Brandt. The picture Matthew has taken at first glance could just be dismissed as any other boat and skyline picture that has been done time and time again. However, once you learn that the photo wasn't taken with a digital camera or any "camera" at all and on top of that was created using the salt water from the body of water in the picture it instantly changes not only how you view the picture but also how you perceive it. I also believe that this makes the viewer feel a deeper connection to the photo almost as if they were their themselves.

Why do you think that contemporary photographers continue to use antiquated processes? Cite an example from class lecture and the processes that they use in your response.

- Edward Curtis - Check notes for "can you spot the difference"

who took this image and what did he do to it?