Phycology 101 - Chapter 1, 2 & 3
Megna stepped on a nail at the construction site where they worked. Which kind of neuron brings the pain signal from Megna's foot to their brain
Afferent
Kendall is left-handed. Which of the following statements is true of her handedness
Being left-handed was once seen as a deficiency
Sergei is having disturbing thoughts. His therapist suggests doing blood work to measure the level of hormones. Which perspective is Sergei's therapist taking using
Biological
Simone Biles is considered by many to be the greatest gymnast of all time. Which part of her brain is likely highly developed, helping her movements be smooth and balanced
Cerebellum
Which of the following is a principal of critical thinking
Choose critical thinking over research ethics if required
John B. Watson developed the social-cognitive perspective, arguing for the influence of social factors over cognition.
False
Ravi is unable to choose the right career path after completing his college education. He plans to visit a psychologist who might help him find the right career. In this scenario, Ravi is most likely to visit a human factors psychologist.
False
Structuralists emphasized the tendency to organize perceptions into wholes and to integrate separate stimuli into meaningful patterns.
False
The two main divisions of the central nervous system are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
False
Which of the following is true about Aristotle's contribution to psychology
He argued that human behavior is subject to rules and laws
Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her...
Hippocampus
Evelyn's therapist keeps reminding her that she must take responsibility for her thoughts and actions, and reinvent herself. Which approach is her therapist most likely using
Humanistic-existential
A person in which field primarily focuses on the relationships between people and work
Industrial psychologist
Which of the following statements is true of instinctive behavior
Instinctive behavior tends to resist modification, even when it serves no purpose
Which of the following statements is true of the absolute threshold
It is determined by exposing individuals to progressively stronger stimuli until the minimum stimuli the person can detect is found
What role does the somatic nervous system play
It transmits messages about sights, sounds, smells, and so on, to the central nervous system.
Who completed all of the academic requirements for a Ph.D. at Harvard bu8t was never awarded it because Harvard would not grant a Ph.D. to a woman
Mary Whiton Calkins
Damage to which brain stem structure may cause the heart and lungs to stop working
Medulla
Which of the following plays a significant role in sleeping, sneezing, and coughing
Medulla
Messages from the brain or spinal cord are transmitted to muscles or glands through...
Motor neurons
What is sent by a neuron to relay its message to another neuron
Neurotransmitters
The rods and cones are to the eye as the...
Olfactory bulb is to taste
Isha is going to see a movie but arrives late. By the time she walks in, the lights are already dimmed making it difficult to see. Which type of photoreceptors would be more sensitive to helping process vision in this setting
Rods
What is the correct order of cells in the retina based on order of firing when receiving stimulation
Rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
Jarrod is a receptionist who works long hours at a desk in his company. When he first gets to work in the morning he is annoyed by the "tick tick tick: of the clock on the wall. After am hour or two (or sooner if he is involved in a project that requires his focus) the sound of the clock isn't something he notices any longer. What is this an example of
Sensory adaptation
Yara is attending her high school pep rally. She walks into the gym and noticed there are a lot of people wearing purple shirts and others wearing green shirts. She assumes those individuals in purple shirts must be all part of one collective group while the students in the green shirts are part of another group. Yara is using which principle of organization to deduce this
Similarity
Which two early approaches are no longer followed by psychologists today
Structuralism and functionalism
Which senses are considered chemical senses
Taste and smell
Which of the following causes Down Syndrome
The presence of an extra chromosome on the 21st pair
Which of the following is a typical characteristic of biologically-oriented psychologists
They study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior, and thinking
Dasha and her family moved to a new home near the airport. At first, when the planes took off throughout the day, Dasha could hear each one. She thought it would drive her crazy. But after a few weeks, she didn't notice them at all. Dasha had become desensitized to the stimulation of the sound of the planes.
True
Gestalt psychologists claimed that one cannot explain human perceptions, emotions, or thought processes in terms of basic units.
True
Who is credited with establishing the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany
Wilhelm Wundt
Who was a founder of the school of functionalism
William James
If you mis red, blue and green paint together you will get...
black
Since 15 percent of a university is comprised of Asian-American students, a sample for a study was chosen in such a way that it, too, consisted of 15 percent Asian Americans. This kind of sample would be an example of a...
crowd sample
Which of the following represents your full genetic potential
genotype
Humans only have five senses
False
According to Weber's law, the absolute threshold for all senses is the same for everyone
False
According to the ethical guidelines of the American Psychological Association, animals cannot be harmed under any circumstance while conduction research.
False
Which of the following statements is true about the different types of psychologists
Clinical psychologists help clients resolve problems and change self-defeating behavior
Which of the following is a principle of Gestalt psychology
Closure
Which contemporary perspective is most likely a combination of structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt, and the ideas of Socrates
Cognitive
Which of the following are different from clinical psychologists in that their clients typically have adjustment problems, such as trouble making academic or vocational decisions or making friends in college, but not serious psychological disorders
Counseling
The ______ refers to the smallest possible stimulus that can be detected half the time, or the minimum level of stimuli that we can detect
Difference threshold
Nicotine, alcohol, and many other drugs are pleasurable because they heighten levels of...
Dopamine
Pedro is confused and hearing voices. If he has schizophrenia, to which neurotransmitter is he most likely extra sensitive
Dopamine
When you look at a pair of train tracks and see them appear to converge as they move into the distance, you're experiencing...
Perspective
Which part of the hindbrain acts like a bridge and transmits information about body movements
Pons
Alex is trying to overcome their shyness. The therapist asks to talk about their childhood, looking for unconscious conflicts. Alex's therapist is most likely following which school of thought
Psychoanalytic
Which of these can be defined as the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes
Psychology