Phys. Ch 1, 2 & 3

The protein in the mitochondria that captures the kinetic energy of moving H+ ions and converts it to the stored energy of ATP is called Selected Answer: A) ATP synthase. Answers: A) ATP synthase. B) lactate dehydrogenase. C) oxidative phosphorylase. D) glucokinase.

ATP synthase

Microtubules Answers: A) are composed of tubulin. B) are hollow, filamentous structures. C) form cilia that aid in cell movement. D) are the largest cytoplasmic fibers. E) All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

All but one of the structures listed below are a type of cell junction. Identify the exception.

loose junction

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding mitochondria? Answers: A) The outer mitochondrial membrane is responsible for its shape. B) The intermembrane space is used in the production of ATP. C) Mitochondria contain their own DNA and RNA. D) Mitochondria can replicate themselves only when directed by the cell's nuclear DNA. E) Mitochondria are responsible for providing energy to the cell.

Mitchondria can replicate themselves only when directed by the cell's nuclear DNA

How would the lack of a required cofactor for an enzyme affect that enzyme's function? Answers: A) The enzyme's function would not be altered. B) The enzyme would function more slowly. C) The enzyme would function more quickly. D) The enzyme would not be able to function.

The enzyme would not be able to function

Define the term organ A. a collection of similar cells that carry out similar functions B. the smallest living unit C. a collection of different tissues that carry out related functions D. groups of organs functioning in a coordinated manner

a collection of different tissues that carry out different functions

The organic molecules known as phospholipids are key components of cell membranes and composed of what monomeric units? Answers: A) amino acids B) nucleotides C) glycerol D) fatty acids E) both glycerol and fatty acids

both glycerol and fatty acids

Water will always move from ________ areas to ________ areas, if there are no impermeable barriers. Answers: A) hyperosmotic, hyposmotic B) hyposmotic, hyperosmotic C) isosmotic, hyposmotic D) hyperosmotic, isosmotic

hyposmotic, hyperosmotic

The function of microvilli, often seen on the apical membrane of transporting epithelia, is to Answers: A) increase the movement of extracellular fluid. B) increase the resistance of the cell to viruses. C) increase the cell's surface area. D) increase the toughness of the cell. E) allow the cell to move through a fluid medium.

increase the cells surface are

Epithelial cells that are adapted for membrane transport of materials, such as ions and nutrients, usually have ________ on their apical surface. A) mitochondria B) cilia or flagella C) microvilli D) junctional complexes E) vesicle

microvilli

Which of the following is a common feature of soluble proteins? Answers: A) structural support B) noncovalent interaction C) receptor binding D) chemical modulation E) All of the answers are correct.

noncovalent interaction

Ribosomal RNA is formed by A) the endoplasmic reticulum. B) Golgi complexes. C) lysosomes. D) mitochondria. E) nucleolus

nucleolus

In the aerobic metabolism of glucose, ________ acts as the final electron acceptor. Answers: A) water B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide D) lactate E) ATP

oxygen

The study of body function in a disease state A) necrology. B) physiology. C) microbiology. D) pathophysiology. E) histology.

pathophysiology

Information stored in the nucleus is translated into Selected Answer: Answers: A) carbohydrates. B) lipids. C) proteins. D) phospholipids. E) None of the answers are correct.

proteins

Which of the following is NOT a molecule synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)? A) fatty acids B) steroids C) proteins D) lipids E) All are synthesized in the SER.

proteins

The alpha-helix and pleated sheet are examples of the ________ structure of a protein Answers: A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) pentanary

secondary

In humans, only ________ cells have flagella.

sperm

After forming a complex with the ribosome, mRNA interacts with a third molecule. This molecule is called Answers: A) DNA. B) an amino acid. C) rRNA. D) tRNA. E) rough ER.

tRNA

Protein specificity is Answers: A) the activation of a specific protein that is needed to perform a particular function. B) the degree to which a protein is attracted to a ligand. C) the ability of a protein to bind a certain ligand or a group of related ligands. D) the degree to which a protein-ligand complex initiates a response. E) the degree to which a protein is attracted to a ligand and the ability of a protein to bind a certain ligand or a group of related ligands.

the ability of a protein to bind a certain ligand or a group of related ligands

The chemical bonding behavior of an atom is directly determined by Answers: A) the number of protons. B) the number of neutrons. C) the number and arrangement of electrons. D) the size of the atom. E) the mass of the atom.

the number and arrangement of electrons

The term secretion refers to A) the process by which a cell releases a substance into the extracellular space for a particular use. B) synthesis of a protein for export from the cell. C) the manufacture and assembly of a material. D) storage of a material, until it is time for it to leave the cell. E) None of the answers describe secretion.

the process by which a cell releases a substance into the extracellular space for a particular use.

When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium, Selected Answer: Answers: A) there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products. B) the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate. C) the reaction has stopped. D) there are equivalent amounts of substrates and products.

there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products