Physical Geography Exam #3

The construction of a dam across a river is likely to cause _________ upstream and _________ downstream

Aggradation upstream, Erosion downstream

Sorted glacial drift characteristic of stream-deposited material is called A) erratic B) moraine C) stratified drift D) till

Stratified drift

Terraces can form as a result of A) rejuvenation B) uplift C) erosion D) all of these E) none of these

Terraces can form as a result of A) rejuvenation B) uplift C) erosion D) all of these E) none of these

Which of the following is likely to occur if the gradient of a stream increases? (Assume that the discharge and sediment load remain unchanged.) A) The stream will begin to erode its channel and/or its banks. B) The amount of aggradation in the channel will increase. C) The stream will begin to deposit more of its load. D) The amount of bed load transport will decrease.

The stream will begin to erode its channel and/or its banks

Unlike a stream-cut valley that assumes a characteristic _______ -shape, a glaciallycarved valley evidences a characteristic _______ -shape.

V shape, U shape

When a river reaches a base level, its forward velocity rapidly decelerates as it enters a larger body of standing water and ____________ is formed.

a delta

The opposite of the accumulation zone in a glacier is the

ablation zone

Roche mountonnees form as a result of

abrasion upstream and lee downstream.

Stream drainage patterns are determined by which of the following? A) climatic and hydrologic variability B) differing rock resistance C) slope D) all of these

all the above

Which of the following is true? A) The Earth wobbles on its axis. B) The ellipticity of the Earth's orbit varies through time. C) The Earth's axial tilt varies through time. D) All of the above are true. E) b and c only

all the above

According to classical theories for the evolution of a landscape, the stage of maturity exists when a stream has

begun to cut laterally (side to side), beginning a floodplain

The total possible load a stream can transport is its ____________, whereas a stream's ability to move particles of specific size is its ____________. A) bed load; sediment load B) discharge; competence C) competence; capacity D) capacity; competence

capacity, competence

A glacier that is confined in a bowl-shaped recess is called a

cirque glacier

The great lakes of north america were created by

continental glaciers

The effect of urbanization on a typical stream hydrograph is to A) decrease lag time between storm peak and peak stream discharge B) decrease runoff C) increase lag time between storm peak and peak stream discharge D) create a base flow

decreasing lag time between storm peak and peak stream discharge

watersheds are defined by

drainage divides

Glacial ice can form during the duration of a single winter season in most glacial areas

false

Glacial ice forms more quickly in polar environments than in midlatitude, alpine environments

false

Relative to the entire history of our planet, the earth has been in one of its warmest phases for the past 1.65 million years

false

Drumlins look like....and they occur in....

inverted spoons, in swarms (swarmy spoons)

Which of the following rock types is most affected by fluvial solution?

limestone (fluvial limestone)

Of the world's largest rivers, which has the greatest discharge?

the amazon

During the pleistocene Ice age, many areas of the southwestern us were covered by large lakes

true

If two glaciers with lateral moraines join, a medial moraine is produced

true

Increased velocity and a rough channel can produce a

turbulent flow

The material in a glacial moraine is

unsorted

It is now virtually certain that the dominant cause of recent ice ages is

variations in Earth-Sun orbital relationships

If you live in an area that was flooded by the 100 yr flood last year, you can conclude that

you could be flooded by the 100 year flood again this year

Approximately what percentage of the world's freshwater is frozen?

77%

The degradation of a landscape by weathering, erosion, and transportation has an ultimate "goal" of reducing the landscape down to

Base level

Worldwide, alpine glaciers are presently increasing in size and number.

False

The bulk of ice on Earth is sitting in

Greenland and Antarctica

The suspended load of a stream consists of particles that are

Held aloft in the stream flow