Physical Science Chapter 5
What is the oxidation number of iron in the compound iron(II) sulfate FeSO4
+2
What ratio of ammonium to chlorine would you expect to find in ammonium chloride?
1:1 ratio (let's just pray this isn't on the test)
What is the ratio of atoms you would expect to find in potassium sulfide?
2 Potassium (K) 1 Sulfur (S) This is because Potassium has 3 valence electrons and Sulfur has 5. So POTASSIUM would lose those 3 valence electrons exposing its next ring of electrons and SULFUR would gain them making both elements stable.
How many atoms are represent in the chemical formula CuSO4
6 1 Copper (Cu) 1 Sulfur (S) 4 Oxygen (O) ——> we know this because of the subscript!
Most atoms share gain or lose valence electrons in order to attain HOW MANY electrons in their highest energy levels?
8
What is the LEWIS STRUCTURE for potassium fluoride.
: [K] +[:F:]- (sorry this was the best i could do😭) :
What is a polyatomic ion?
A charged group of covalently bonded atoms.
What is stronger? A DOUBLE covalent bond or a SIINGLE covalent bond?
A double covalent bond is stronger
Which of the following is not true regarding chemical bonds? A. Chemical Bonds form compounds that are less stable than the individual atoms involved. B. Chemical Bonds can form when atoms gain or lose electrons. C. Chemical Bonds can form when atoms share electrons. D. Chemical Bonds can form when electrostatic attractions hold atoms together.
A. Chemical Bonds form compounds that are less stable than the individual atoms involved.
A chemical bond between two nonmetals with similar electronegativity would likely be what kind of bond? A. Covalent B. Ionic C. Metallic D. Nonpolar
A. Covalent
Two atoms that share electrons form what kind of bond? A. Covalent B. Ionic C. Metallic D. Polar
A. Covalent
The properties of water are different from the properties of hydrogen and oxygen because... A. chemical bonding changes the properties. B. Hydrogen and Oxygen are a gas, and water cannot be a gas. C. They consist of different elements. D. Waiter is a pure non-reactive element.
A. chemical bonding changes the properties.
What is the formula for ALUMINUM OXIDE?
Al2O3 TWO Aluminum THREE Oxygen
Which of the following is NOT a reason that polar bonds form? A. Polar bonds form because some atoms have different electronegativities. B. A. Polar bonds form because atoms of the same element have equal electronegativities. C. Polar Bonds form because some atoms share electrons unequally. D. All of the above are reasons that polor bonds form.
B. A. Polar bonds form because atoms of the same element have equal electronegativities.
Which atom is most likely to take valence electrons in IONIC bonding? A. An atom found in diatomic molecules B. An atom found in polar molecules. C. An atom with high electronegativity D. An atom with low electronegativity
C. An atom with HIGH electronegativity
The octet rule generally determines... A. How atoms bond to other atoms. B. How many electrons an atom needs to share or transfer in order to be stable. C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B
C. Both A and B
Which of the following is a true statement regarding chemical bonds? A. Atoms of two different elements can bond together to gain stability. B. Atoms of one kind of element can bond together to gain stability. C. Both A and B are true. D. Neither A nor B are true.
C. Both A and B
Which of the following is NOT a general property of ionic bonding? A. Electrons are transferred between atoms. B. Ionic bonding forms compounds known as salts. C. Ionic compounds share electrons relatively equally D. Ionic bonding occurs between elements with very different electronegativities
C. Ionic compounds share electrons relatively equally
The octet rule states that atoms are generally most stable when... A. Eight atoms for ring-shaped molecules. B. They combine with other elements to form compounds. C. They have eight electrons in their valence energy level. D. They lose all their valence electrons.
C. They have eight electrons in their valence energy level.
What does IONIC bonding form?
Crystals
Why does diatomic nitrogen form triple bonds? A. Diatomic nitrogen is a polar molecule. B. Nitrogen had a high electronegativity. C. Nitrogen is part of the Hydrogen Seven D. Nitrogen needs three additional electrons to complete its octet.
D. Nitrogen needs three additional electrons to complete its octet.
The octet rule can be satisfied when an atom... A. shares electrons. B. gains enough electrons to have a full octet in its valence energy level. C. Loses enough electrons to expose the full octet of the next lower energy level. D. Undergoes any of the above.
D. Undergoes any of the above.
The electronegativities of the elements in an ionic bond tend to be... A. Equal B. Similar and high C. Similar and low D. Very different
D. Very different
Dangerous chemical compounds have no beneficial use. TRUE FALSE
FALSE
Metals can only have one oxidation state. TRUE FALSE
FALSE
Only one covalent bond can exist between two atoms. TRUE FALSE
FALSE
Molecules are formed by covalent or ionic bonds? TRUE FALSE
FALSE molecules can also be formed by metallic bonds
ALL ATOMS are most stable when they have a full eight electrons in their valence energy level. TRUE FALSE
False
Ionic Bonds form between two cations or two anions. TRUE FALSE
False
Molecules form only when different elements bond together. TRUE FALSE
False
Most elements are found in their pure form in nature and rarely form compounds outside of scientific laboratories. TRUE FALSE
False
What is a subscript?
It is a small number behind an elemental symbol that represents the number of each type of atom in a formula.
What is the chemical formula for the IONIC compound Potassium Nitride
K3N
What are METALLIC bonds?
Metal atoms that attract their sea of SHARED electrons.
What bond is made up of two metals?
Metallic
What does COVALENT bonding form?
Molecules
Does chemical bonding preserve the physical and chemical properties of the elements involved?
NO
What are some examples of compounds that are salts?
Potassium Chloride Sodium Sulfide
What is the name of the compound of the ACETATE ION (C2H3O2-) and SODIUM
Sodium Acetate
What is the name for the COVALENT compound SF6?
Sulfur Hexafluoride
Electrons shared in covalent bonds are not necessarily equally shared. TRUE FALSE
TRUE
What is the ANION in and IONIC bind between and alkali metal atom and a nonmetal atom?
The nonmetal atom.
What does a subscript tell you?
The number of atoms in a chemical formula.
What is a FORMULA UNIT
The smallest ratio of ions in ionic compounds
Compounds are usually MORE stable than the individual atoms that make up the compound. TRUE FALSE
True
Most atoms are unstable when they are not bonded to other atoms TRUE OR FALSE
True
Most of the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is in the for. of O2. TRUE FALSE
True
Polar Molecules are partially charged on each end. TRUE FALSE
True
Water is a polar molecule. TRUE FALSE
True
