Physics Chapter 24

Running a refrigerator with its door open in a hot room makes the room...

Warmer

If a volume of air is swept upward with no heat input or output, its temperature will do what?

decrease

When work is done by a system and no heat is added to it, the temperature of the system...

decreases

The greater the difference in temp between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine, the..

greater the efficiency

In buildings that are electrically heated, turning the lights on... doesn't waste energy wastes energy does neither of the above

does NOT waste energy

When a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will...

increase

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy does what?

increases

True or False: It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy.

False

True or False: If all the friction could be eliminated in a heat engine, its efficiency would be 100%.

False.

What does entropy measure?

Messiness

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in its... temperature internal energy both of the above none of the above

both; temperature AND internal energy

Systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of...

more entropy

Adiabatic processes occur in...

Earth's mantle the oceans the atmosphere

True or False: Air high in the atmosphere that plunges downward tends to cool.

False

Entropy is closely related to what law of thermodynamics?

Second law of thermodynamics

A volume of air has a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius. An equal volume of air that is twice as hot has a temperature of about...

273 degrees C 0 + 273= (273 K) x 2 - 273 = 273 degrees C

Cool a sample of air from zero on the Celsius scale to near zero on the absolute scale and the air loses... Volume Pressure Both of the above Neither

Both; volume AND pressure

True or False: If the internal energy of a volume of air at 10 degrees C is doubled, its temperature will then be 20 degrees C.

False

Two identical blocks of iron, one at 10 degrees C and the other at 20 degrees C, are put in contact. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. this would violate the...

Second Law of thermodynamics

True or False: Efficiency in a heat engine is increased where there is a greater difference in input and output temperatures.

True

True or False: It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat.

True

True or False: Systems left alone tend to move to a state of greater entropy.

True

True or False: When work is done by a system on something else, the temperature of the system decreases.

True

True or False: Whenever heat is added to a system, it transforms to a equal amount of some other form of energy.

True

Pull a closed plastic bag of dry air quickly down from a high elevation and the bag of air will become...

hotter

Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine does not change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine...

increases