Physics Test #3 (ch9,11,12,13)

Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking man. If he shrinks proportionately to 1/10 his original height, his weight will be multiplied by

0.001

Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking woman. If her height shrinks to 0.1 times her original height, then her total skin area shrinks to

0.01 times its original value

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's mass?

10,000 kg

Compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom, the mass of an oxygen atom is

16 times as great

What is the molecular mass of a water molecule?

18 amu

How many different elements are in a water molecule?

2

How many protons should be added to the nuclei of oxygen atoms so the resulting gas will glow red when there is an electrical current through it?

2

A weightless spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended 1-kg block. If two such springs are used to suspend the block, one spring above the other, to effectively provide one double-length spring, then the total stretch of the double-length spring will be

20 cm

How many individual atoms are in a water molecule?

3

The number of atoms in a common water molecule is

3

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a mass of 15,000 kg. What is its volume?

3 cubic meters

Doubling the thickness (diameter) of a rope will multiply its strength by

4

When a living cell doubles in diameter, the amount of its material to be nourished is multiplied by eight, but the amount of membrane through which to feed it is multiplied by

4

A spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended 1-kg block. If two such springs side-by-side are used to suspend the block, so each spring supports half the weight of the block, then each spring will stretch

5 cm

A wooden block has a mass of 1000 kg and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's density?

500 kg per cubic meter

An unstretched hanging spring is 50 cm long. Suspending a 100-N weight from it makes its length 60 cm. Adding another 100-N weight will make the spring's length

70 cm

How many atoms are in a molecule of ethanol?

9

What is the weight of a cubic meter of ice?

9200 N

If you want to light some wood on fire, what would most likely make the wood light, and why?

Breaking the log down into small pieces of wood will increase the amount of wood surface that can catch fire

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of an oxygen atom, what nucleus remains?

C-12

If you want to cool down a drink with ice, which of the following would make it cool faster and why?

Crushing the lump into small pieces will put more of the ice's surface area is in contact with the drink

What element results if you add a pair of protons to the nucleus of mercury?

Pb

Which of the following items would remain without rusting longer: a solid lump of steel, or steel wool that weighs the same amount?

The lump of steel would stay without rusting longer, because not as much of it comes in contact with the air

Why do French fries cook faster when they are cut into thinner pieces, and why do meatballs cook faster when they are flattened?

There is a greater amount of surface area for the same amount of food in the thinner fries and flattened meatballs

Which of the following has the greatest outer surface area per volume?

a grape

Which has more volume, a kilogram of gold or a kilogram of aluminum?

a kilogram of aluminum

Which has more mass, a liter of ice or a liter of water?

a liter of water

Atoms are incredibly tiny, numerous, perpetually moving &

ageless

Which of the following has the greatest outer surface area?

an elephant

Nuclei that make up a newborn baby were made in

ancient stars

A strong spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended weight. If the weight is doubled, the spring will stretch

another 10 cm which will make the total stretch 20 cm

Which of the following is stronger per body weight?

ant

water pressure in a lake is greater

at the bottom

Which has the greater density, a lake full of water or a cup full of lake water?

both have the same density

You take 1000 mg of a vitamin and your friend takes 1g of the same vitamin. Who takes more vitamins?

both the same

If two protons are REMOVED from an oxygen nucleus the result is

carbon

An atomic mass unit (amu) is 1/12 the mass of a

carbon atom

The name given to the shape of a sagging rope supported at its ends is a

catenary

When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, all of the stone blocks in the arch undergo

compression

stone slabs are stronger under

compression

If a loaf of bread is compressed, its

density increases

If the mass of an object were to double while its volume remains the same, its density would

double

Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reasons solids don't fall through one another is b/c of

electrical forces

The chemical properties of matter come mostly from its

electrons

The volume of matter comes mostly from its

electrons

What is negatively charged?

electrons

Hydrogen is considered an

element b/c it is composed of only one kind of atom

Which has more skin, an elephant or a mouse?

elephant

To become a negative ion, does an atom lose or gain an electron?

gains

When carbon & oxygen atoms combine, energy is

given off by the reaction

Which of these atoms has the largest number of neutrons in there nucleus? helium, hydrogen, carbon or gold

gold

Consider the following atoms: Gold, Copper, Carbon & Silver - rank them greatest to least

gold, silver, copper, carbon

A kilogram of peaches have more skin area than a kilogram of

grapefruits

If the volume of an object were to double while its mass stays the same, its density would

halve

If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is

helium

An iron block is placed in a furnace where it is heated and consequently expands. In the expanded condition, its density

is less

Suppose all sized potatoes are selling at the same price per kilogram. If you peel them for mashing, you will get more potato for your money if you buy

large potatoes

Compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is

less

Eight little spheres of mercury coalesce to form a single sphere. Compared to the combined surface areas of the eight little spheres, the surface area of the big sphere is

less

A candymaker making taffy apples decides to use 100 kg of large apples rather than 100 kg of small apples. Will the candymaker need to make more or less taffy to cover the apples?

less taffy

To become a positive ion, does an atom lose or gain an electron?

loses

In cold weather, your hands will be warmer if you wear

mittens over gloves

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is

more

A candymaker is making taffy apples. If she buys 100 kg of small apples rather than 100 kg of large apples, she will need

more taffy

The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are

mostly empty space themselves

Which has more skin compared to its body weight, an elephant or a mouse?

mouse

The charge in the nucleus of an antimatter hydrogen atom is

negative

If two protons are ADDED to an oxygen nucleus, the result is

neon

When a tree branch is bent, the region in the center of the branch is the

neutral layer

What is electrically neutral?

neutron

If no molecules in a body could escape, would the body have an odor?

no

If we doubled the magnifying power of the most powerful optical microscope in the world we would still

not be able to see or photograph an atom

If each dimension of a steel bridge is scaled up ten times, its strength will be multiplied by about

one hundred, but its weight by one thousand

In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of

orbital electrons

If you make cupcakes and bake them as directed for a cake, you will find the cupcakes

overbaked

Dark matter is considered to be

plentiful in the universe

The weight of matter comes mostly from its

protons & neutrons

Which is the smallest particle - a molecule, a neutron, a proton, a atom or a quark?

quark

Brownian motion has to do with the

random motions of atoms & molecules

In our part of the universe, antimatter is

short-lived

Assuming all the atoms exhaled by Julius Caesar in his last dying breath are still in the atmosphere, then we probably breathe one of those atoms with each

single breath

What did Robert Brown see under the microscope?

specks of dust moving around

Which geometrical shape has the least surface area for a given volume?

sphere

Which of these is most elastic? steel, putty, water or air

steel

Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that

still retains chemical properties of a substance

When a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal beam supported at each end, the bottom part of the beam undergoes

tension

An electrical force determines

the chemical properties of an atom

If you place a styrofoam cup on the table & a bunch of BBs move around it randomly, what will happen to the cup & why?

the cup will move randomly in different directions b/c the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions

What makes an element distinct?

the number of protons

Why did the particles Robert Brown saw under the microscope move around?

the particles were struck by atoms but unequally on different sides

Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is

the same

Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are

the same age

There are about as many atoms of air in our lungs at any moment as there are breaths of air in the atmosphere of

the whole world

Atoms heavier than helium were made by

thermonuclear fusion

the strength of a rope depends on its

thickness

According to Hooke's law, if you double the force when stretching a spring, the elongation of the spring is normally

twice as much

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is

unchanged

Which of these has the most atomic mass? hydrogen, lead, iron, uranium or they all have the same amount

uranium

Which of the following is not an element: hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, water?

water

An important feature of atoms is that they have

wave properties